a. 检查MySQL及相关RPM包，是否安装，如果有安装，则移除（rpm –e 名称）
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove mysql-libs*
b)卸载mysql
[root@localhost local]# rpm -e MySQL-server-5.6.17-1.el6.i686
[root@localhost local]# rpm -e MySQL-client-5.6.17-1.el6.i686
c)删除mysql服务
[root@localhost local]# chkconfig –list | grep -i mysql
[root@localhost local]# chkconfig –del mysql
d)删除分散mysql文件夹
[root@localhost local]# whereis mysql 或者 find / -name mysql
mysql: /usr/lib/mysql /usr/share/mysql
清空相关mysql的所有目录以及文件
rm -rf /usr/lib/mysql
rm -rf /usr/share/mysql
rm -rf /usr/my.cnf
通过以上几步，mysql应该已经完全卸载干净了
linux下mysql的卸载、安装全过程
b. 下载Linux对应的RPM包，如：CentOS6.4_64对应的RPM包，如下：
[root@localhost rpm]# ll
total 74364
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 18442536 Dec 11 20:19 MySQL-client-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 3340660 Dec 11 20:06 MySQL-devel-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 54360600 Dec 11 20:03 MySQL-server-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
c. 安装MySQL
[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
#修改配置文件位置
[root@localhost rpm]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
d. 初始化MySQL及设置密码
[root@localhost rpm]# /usr/bin/mysql_install_db
[root@localhost rpm]# service mysql start
[root@localhost rpm]# cat /root/.mysql_secret #查看root账号密码
# The random password set for the root user at Wed Dec 11 23:32:50 2013 (local time): qKTaFZnl
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot –pqKTaFZnl
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD(‘123456’); #设置密码为123456
mysql> exit
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
e. 允许远程登陆
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select host,user,password from user;
+———————–+——+——————————————-+
| host | user | password |
+———————–+——+——————————————-+
| localhost | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| localhost.localdomain | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
| 127.0.0.1 | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
| ::1 | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
+———————–+——+——————————————-+
mysql> update user set password=password(‘123456’) where user=’root’;
mysql> update user set host=’%’ where user=’root’ and host=’localhost’;
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit
f. 设置开机自启动
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig mysql on
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig –list | grep mysql
mysql 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
g. MySQL的默认安装位置
/var/lib/mysql/ #数据库目录
/usr/share/mysql #配置文件目录
/usr/bin #相关命令目录
/etc/init.d/mysql #启动脚本
修改字符集和数据存储路径
配置/etc/my.cnf文件,修改数据存放路径、mysql.sock路径以及默认编码utf-8.
[client]
password = 123456
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
port = 3306
character_set_server=utf8
character_set_client=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
#(注意linux下mysql安装完后是默认：表名区分大小写，列名不区分大小写； 0：区分大小写，1：不区分大小写)
lower_case_table_names=1
#(设置最大连接数，默认为 151，MySQL服务器允许的最大连接数16384; )
max_connections=1000
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8
查看字符集
show variables like ‘%collation%’;
show variables like ‘%char%’;