Oracle dmp文件导入

1.确认dmp文件的导出时用户

$~# head -10 /root/Downloads/xypj.dmp |strings

EXPORT:V09.02.00
UCTAIS2         //CTAIS2
RTABLES
2048
Fri Nov 18 9:46:9 2016d:\xypj.dmp
#C#G
#G##
+08:00
BYTE
INTERPRETED

2.确认dmp文件的导出时字符集

SQL> select nls_charset_name(to_number(‘0001’,’xxxx’)) from dual; //0001是dmp文件按16进制打开的第二三字节

//0354 -> ZHS16GBK
//0001 -> US7ASCII
//0369 -> AL32UTF8

SQL> select to_char(nls_charset_id(‘AL32UTF8’), ‘xxxx’) from dual; //也可以反查

3. Oracle创建新的表空间

connect as SYSDBA
create tablespace TS_DAT_SJCK  DATAFILE 'D:\oraclexe\app\oracle\oradata\XE\TPIN.DBF' SIZE 1500m AUTOEXTEND on next 100m maxsize unlimited;
create user myTpin identified by myTpin default tablespace TS_DAT_SJCK;
grant dba to myTpin;

4. Oracle修改数据库的字符集

conn as sysdba
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP MOUNT EXCLUSIVE;
ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE US7ASCII; // 字符集需要修改
SHUTDOWN immediate;
startup;

5. 查看是否修改成功

$~#
select * from nls_database_parameters;
select * from v$nls_parameters where parameter=’NLS_CHARACTERSET’;

6.dmp imp命令

$~#
imp myTpin/myTpin@orcl file=/root/Downloads/xypj.dmp log=/root/Downloads/tables.log ignore=y fromuser=CTAIS2 touser=myTpin;

7.设置NLS_LANG

C:\Windows\system32>
set NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.US7ASCII
set NLS_LANG=SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK
set NLS_LANG=Simplified Chinese_China.AL32UTF8
//最好的选择是和客户机保持一致，只起提示转换作用

客户机windows的字符集查看

C:\Windows\system32> chcp

活动代码页: 936 -> ZHS16GBK

8.出现乱码时直接看字节内容

select nsrmc, dump(nsrmc,1016) from XY_NSR_XYJB where NSRDZDAH = 610100000000005034