LNMT架构部署：Linux+Nginx+Mysql+Tomcat
LNMT架构图：
环境描述：
虚拟机准备两台，一台作为nginx服务器+mysql服务器，IP为：192.168.228.23；另外一台作为2台Tomcat服务器，IP为：192.168.228.30。客户端发来请求，首先由nginx处理，如果为静态内容直接由nginx响应，将结果直接给客户端；如果为动态内容，则由nginx反代至后端的Tomcat服务器。
在IP为192.168.228.23的服务器上安装和配置nginx（这里我使用源码安装nginx)
关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@yxr ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@yxr ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@yxr ~]# setenforce 0
[root@yxr ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
创建系统用户nginx
[root@yxr ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx安装依赖环境
[root@yxr ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel gd-devel
[root@yxr ~]# yum -y groups mark install 'Development Tools'创建日志存放目录
[root@yxr ~]# mkdir -p /var/log/nginx
[root@yxr ~]# chown -R nginx.nginx /var/log/nginx/下载nginx
[root@yxr ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@yxr src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
编译安装
[root@yxr src]# ls
debug kernels nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
[root@yxr src]# tar xf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
[root@yxr src]# cd nginx-1.12.0/
[root@yxr nginx-1.12.0]#./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-debug \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_image_filter_module \
--with-http_gunzip_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log
[root@yxr nginx-1.12.0]# make -j 2 && make installnginx安装后配置
配置环境变量
[root@yxr nginx-1.12.0]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
[root@yxr nginx-1.12.0]# . /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh 启动nginx
[root@yxr nginx-1.12.0]# nginx
[root@yxr nginx-1.12.0]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::* 在IP为192.168.228.23上安装mysql（这里我使用二进制安装）
安装依赖包
[root@yxr ~]# yum -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel
创建用户和组
[root@yxr ~]# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
[root@yxr ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin -g 306 -u 306 mysql
下载二进制格式的mysql软件包
[root@yxr ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@yxr src]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz解压软件至/usr/local
[root@yxr src]# tar xf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@yxr src]# cd /usr/local/
[root@yxr local]# ls
bin games lib libexec nginx share
etc include lib64 mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 sbin src
[root@yxr local]# ln -sv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
‘mysql’ -> ‘mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/’
[root@yxr local]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 36 Sep 5 17:45 mysql -> mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 129 Sep 5 17:45 mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 11 root root 151 Sep 5 17:29 nginx
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 49 Aug 10 14:26 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 src修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组
[root@yxr local]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@yxr local]# ll /usr/local/mysql -d
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 36 Sep 5 17:45 /usr/local/mysql -> mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
添加环境变量
[root@yxr local]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@yxr local]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@yxr local]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/nginx/sbin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
建立数据存放目录
[root@yxr local]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@yxr local]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
[root@yxr local]# ll /opt/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Sep 5 17:51 data
初始化数据库
[root@yxr local]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data/
2018-09-05T09:54:31.999648Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-09-05T09:54:34.926885Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-09-05T09:54:35.240951Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-09-05T09:54:35.314460Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: b1e771d6-b0f1-11e8-8761-000c29989243.
2018-09-05T09:54:35.317332Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-09-05T09:54:35.322159Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: sQae/i06ukPC //临时密码
配置mysql
[root@yxr local]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/local/include/mysql
‘/usr/local/include/mysql’ -> ‘/usr/local/mysql/include/’
[root@yxr local]# echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[root@yxr local]# ldconfig -v生成配置文件
[root@yxr local]# cat > /etc/my.cnf <<EOF
> [mysqld]
> basedir = /usr/local/mysql
> datadir = /opt/data
> socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
> port = 3306
> pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
> user = mysql
> skip-name-resolve
> EOF配置服务启动脚本
[root@yxr local]# cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@yxr local]# sed -ri 's#^(basedir=).*#\1/usr/local/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@yxr local]# sed -ri 's#^(datadir=).*#\1/opt/data#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld 启动mysql
[root@yxr local]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/data/yxr.err'.
. SUCCESS!
[root@yxr local]# ps -ef | grep mysql
root 35507 1 0 18:05 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/data --pid-file=/opt/data/mysql.pid
mysql 35685 35507 3 18:05 pts/1 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/opt/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=yxr.err --pid-file=/opt/data/mysql.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root 35717 1552 0 18:05 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@yxr local]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::* 修改密码，使用临时密码登录
[root@yxr local]# mysql -uroot -p
mysql> set password = password('yaoxiaorong!');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
在192.168.228.30这台虚拟机配置两台tomcat项目部署
关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@arongya ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@arongya ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@arongya ~]# setenforce 0
[root@arongya ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
安装jdk环境
安装jdk环境
[root@arongya ~]# yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel
查看安装的版本
[root@arongya ~]# java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_181"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_181-b13)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.181-b13, mixed mode)
tomcat部署
下载tomcat
[root@arongya ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@arongya src]# wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.8/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.8.tar.gz解压部署,安装两个tomcat服务器,需要解压两次
[root@arongya src]# ls
apache-tomcat-9.0.8.tar.gz debug kernels
[root@arongya src]# tar xf apache-tomcat-9.0.8.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@arongya src]# cd /usr/local/
[root@arongya local]# ls
apache-tomcat-9.0.8 etc include lib64 sbin src
bin games lib libexec share
[root@arongya local]# mv apache-tomcat-9.0.8/ yaoxiaorong //为了避免混淆两台，这里重新创建一个目录存放第一台tomcat
[root@arongya local]# ls yaoxiaorong/
bin lib logs RELEASE-NOTES temp work
conf LICENSE NOTICE RUNNING.txt webapps
[root@arongya local]# cd /usr/src/
[root@arongya src]# ls
apache-tomcat-9.0.8.tar.gz debug kernels
[root@arongya src]# tar xf apache-tomcat-9.0.8.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@arongya src]# cd /usr/local/
[root@arongya local]# ls
apache-tomcat-9.0.8 etc include lib64 sbin src
bin games lib libexec share yaoxiaorong两台tomcat建立软链接
[root@arongya local]# ln -s yaoxiaorong/ tomcat
[root@arongya local]# ln -s apache-tomcat-9.0.8/ tomcat2
[root@arongya local]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 160 Sep 5 18:27 apache-tomcat-9.0.8
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 libexec
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 49 Aug 24 09:15 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 src
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 12 Sep 5 18:28 tomcat -> yaoxiaorong/
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 20 Sep 5 18:29 tomcat2 -> apache-tomcat-9.0.8/
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 160 Sep 5 18:24 yaoxiaorong修改其中一台tomcat配置文件，避免端口冲突，这里修改tomcat2的配置文件，配置文件在/usr/local/tomcat2/conf/server.xml
修改3个地方
...
[root@arongya local]# vim /usr/local/tomcat2/conf/server.xml
<Server port="8006" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> //将8005修改成8006或者其他
<Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />
...
<Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1" 8080修改成8081或者其他
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8444" /> 8443修改成8444或者其他
...
<Connector port="8010" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8444" /> 8009修改成8010 8443修改成8444
在/usr/local/tomcat/webapps和/usr/local/tomcat/webapps中写不同字样的java页面
tomcat
[root@arongya ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/
[root@arongya webapps]# ls
docs examples host-manager manager ROOT
[root@arongya webapps]# mkdir test
[root@arongya webapps]# vim index.jsp
[root@arongya webapps]# cat index.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>test page</title>
</head>
<bady>
<%
out.println("hello world");
%>
</body>
</html>
[root@arongya webapps]# mv index.jsp test/tomcat2
[root@arongya webapps]# cd /usr/local/tomcat2/webapps/
[root@arongya webapps]# ls
docs examples host-manager manager ROOT
[root@arongya webapps]# mkdir test
[root@arongya webapps]# cd test/
[root@arongya test]# vim index.jsp
[root@arongya test]# cat index.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>test page</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
out.println("wwww.ddd");
%>
</body>
</html>开启2台tomcat服务
[root@arongya test]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.
[root@arongya test]# /usr/local/tomcat2/bin/catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat2
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat2
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat2/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat2/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat2/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
[root@arongya test]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 :::8080 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 :::8081 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
LISTEN 0 1 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005 :::*
LISTEN 0 1 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8006 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 :::8009 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 :::8010 :::* 验证：浏览器分别输入192.168.228.30:8081/test和192.168.228.30：8080/test,能访问说明部署成功
配置nginx
在nginx配置文件修改配置文件，配置负载均衡和两个tomcat的反向代理
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
upstream web { //添加此内容，实现负载均衡
server 192.168.228.30:8080;
server 192.168.228.30:8081;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
location ~* \.(jsp|do)$ { \\添加此行内容，实现动静分离
proxy_pass http://web;
}
检查语法并加载nginx
[root@yxr local]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
[root@yxr local]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@yxr local]# nginx -s reload在浏览器验证
