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flask15-图书管理
综合案例-图书管理
* WTF表单 * 数据库操作 * 一对多关系演练
import base64
import os
from flask import Flask, render_template, request, flash, redirect, url_for
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
from wtforms import StringField, SubmitField
from wtforms.validators import DataRequired
app = Flask(__name__)
app.secret_key = 'rty'
# 配置数据库链接地址
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'mysql://user1:[email protected]:3306/alchemy'
# 是否跟踪数据库的修改
app.config["SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS"] = False
# 初始化数据库操作对象
db = SQLAlchemy(app)
@app.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def index():
return 'main page'
def generate_token():
return base64.b64encode(os.urandom(48)).decode()
# 创建表单类，用来添加信息
class Appform(FlaskForm):
csrf_token = generate_token()
au_info = StringField(validators=[DataRequired()])
bk_info = StringField(validators=[DataRequired()])
submit = SubmitField('添加')
# 加载显示模板
@app.route('/bookdesk', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def bookdesk():
form = Appform()
if request.method == 'POST':
if form.validate(): #判断参数是否完整
author_name = form.au_info.data
book_name = form.bk_info.data
# 判断要添加书籍的作者是否存在，如果存在只添加书籍，不存在先添加作者再加书籍
author = Author.query.filter_by(name=author_name).first()
if not author:
try: # 执行添加作者和书籍的事物操作
au = Author(name=author_name)
# db.session.add(au)
# db.session.commit()
# book = Book(name=book_name, author_id=au.id)
book = Book(name=book_name)
book.author = au
db.session.add_all([au, book])
# db.session.add(book)
db.session.commit()
except Exception as e:
print(e)
db.session.rollback()
flash('作者、书籍添加失败')
else:
print('作者、书籍添加成功')
flash('作者、书籍添加成功')
else:
booknames = Book.query.filter(Book.name==book_name, Book.author_id==author.id).first()
if not booknames:
try: # 执行添加书籍操作
book1 = Book(name=book_name, author_id=author.id)
db.session.add(book1)
db.session.commit()
except Exception as e:
print(e)
db.session.rollback()
flash('书籍添加失败')
else:
flash('书籍添加成功')
else:
flash('该作者名下已存在相同的书籍')
else:
print('form表单数据不完整')
flash('请完善数据')
author = Author.query.all()
book = Book.query.all()
return render_template('au_book.html', author=author, book=book, form=form)
@app.route('/deleteBook/<int:book_id>')
def deleteBook(book_id):
book = Book.query.get(book_id)
if book:
try:
db.session.delete(book)
db.session.commit()
except Exception as e:
print(e)
print('删除书籍失败！！！')
db.session.rollback()
else:
flash('书籍不存在')
return redirect(url_for('bookdesk'))
@app.route('/deleteAuthor/<int:author_id>')
def deleteAuthor(author_id):
author = Author.query.get(author_id)
if author:
try:
Book.query.filter(Book.author_id == author_id).delete()
db.session.delete(author)
db.session.commit()
except Exception as e:
print(e)
print('删除作者失败！！！')
db.session.rollback()
else:
flash('作者不存在')
return redirect(url_for('bookdesk'))
# 定义模型类-作者
class Author(db.Model):
__tablename__ = 'author'
id = db.Column(db.INTEGER, primary_key=True)
name = db.Column(db.String(64), unique=True)
au_book = db.relationship('Book', backref='author')
def __repr__(self):
return '作者:%s' % self.name
# 定义模型类-书名
class Book(db.Model):
__tablename__ = 'books'
id = db.Column(db.INTEGER, primary_key=True)
name = db.Column(db.String(64))
author_id = db.Column(db.INTEGER, db.ForeignKey('author.id'))
# author_id = db.relationship(db.INTEGER, db.foreign(Author.id)) # 作用同上
def __str__(self):
return '书名:%s' % self.name
def executive():
try:
db.drop_all()
db.create_all()
au1 = Author(name='老王')
au2 = Author(name='老刘')
au3 = Author(name='老尹')
db.session.add_all([au1, au2, au3])
db.session.commit()
bk1 = Book(name='老王回忆录', author_id=au1.id)
bk2 = Book(name='我读书少，你别骗我', author_id=au1.id)
bk3 = Book(name='如何才能让自己更骚', author_id=au2.id)
bk4 = Book(name='怎样征服美丽少女', author_id=au3.id)
bk5 = Book(name='如何征服英俊少男', author_id=au3.id)
db.session.add_all([bk1, bk2, bk3, bk4, bk5])
db.session.commit()
except Exception as e:
print(e)
db.session.rollback()
else:
print('succese')
if __name__ == '__main__':
# executive()
app.run(debug=True)
'''
1.创建模型
2.填充数据
3.渲染模板
4.form类
5.提交后，函数处理
'''au_book.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>book main page</title>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post">
{{ form.csrf_token }}
<p>作者：{{ form.au_info }}</p>
<p>书名：{{ form.bk_info }}</p>
<p>{{ form.submit }}</p>
</form>
{#使用遍历获取闪现的消息#}
{% for message in get_flashed_messages() %}
{{ message }}
{% endfor %}
<hr>
<ul style="background: burlywood">
{% for au in author %}
<li>
{{ au }} <a href="/deleteAuthor/{{ au.id }}">删除</a>
<ol style="background: #de91be; color: #5e5fff;">
{% for bk in book if bk.author_id == au.id%}
<li>{{ bk.name }} <a href="/deleteBook/{{ bk.id }}">删除</a></li>
{% endfor %}
</ol>
</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
</body>
</html>
