Spring idea使用maven实现HelloWorld程序

首先，使用idea创建一个新的project，选择maven，选择Project SDK，找到合适的jdk版本，然后选择Crete from archetype

找到如图选择项目，然后next

随后，自己填上GroupId和ArtifactId（这个是项目名字）

然后选择maven版本找到自己电脑上的maven文件夹选择，如果使用idea中的maven会很慢……

然后finish，maven会自动创建项目，目录如下：

在pom.xml配置中添加依赖

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.3.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

pom.xml所有配置为：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.martind</groupId>
  <artifactId>SpringHelloWorld</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>SpringHelloWorld Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.3.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>


  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>SpringHelloWorld</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.7.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.20.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

在main目录下创建一个java目录，然后在java目录上右键并如下图操作，使用java目录作为项目代码的根目录

在java目录中创建一个hello目录，并在hello中创建一个HelloWorldController类，结构如图：

内容如下：

package hello;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class HelloWorldController {
    @RequestMapping(value = "/helloWorld")
    public String hello(){
        System.out.println("Spring MVC Hello World!");
        return "HelloWorld";
    }
}

在WEB-INF目录中创建一个helloWorld-servlet.xml文件

在helloWorld-servlet中添加如下配置：

    <context:component-scan base-package="hello"/>
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

全部配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    <context:component-scan base-package="hello"/>
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

注意在配置<mvc:annotation-driven/>要选择这个，不要选择错了，不然会报错500错误

在web.xml中添加如下配置：

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>helloWorld</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>WEB-INF/helloWorld-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>helloWorld</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

要注意其中<servlet-name>的值要和上面创建的helloWorld-servlet.xml前面的部分一致。

web.xml全部配置：

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>helloWorld</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>WEB-INF/helloWorld-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>helloWorld</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

最后在views目录下创建HelloWorld.jsp文件，内容如下：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>My first Hello World page</title>
</head>
<body>
    Hello World!
</body>
</html>

之后就要配置tomcat服务器了……，选择Edit Configuration

右上角+号，选择tomcat服务器：

选择自己下载的tomcat服务器

然后切换选项卡到

之后点击+：

选择

最终运行结果：

附上代码

Spring idea使用maven实现HelloWorld程序

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