swift -> http 请求 (SwiftHTTP)

系统自带的 URLSession 实现 HTTP 请求

                let url = URL(string:"http://xxx.com");
                URLSession(configuration: .default).dataTask(with: url!, completionHandler: {
                    (data, rsp, error) in
                    //do some thing
                }).resume()

使用第三方库 SwiftHTTP

https://github.com/daltoniam/SwiftHTTP

库包也可看附件

使用方法

Examples

GET

The most basic request. By default an NSData object will be returned for the response.

do {

let opt =try HTTP.GET("https://google.com")

opt.start { response iniflet err = response.error {

print("error: \(err.localizedDescription)")

return//also notify app of failure as needed

}

print("opt finished: \(response.description)")

//print("opt finished: \(response.text! as String)")

//异步返回处理主线程UI

dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), {

self.hideToast();

});

}

} catchlet error {

print("got an error creating the request: \(error)")

}

We can also add parameters as with standard container objects and they will be properly serialized to their respective HTTP equivalent.

do {
    //the url sent will be https://google.com?hello=world&param2=value2
    let opt = try HTTP.GET("https://google.com", parameters: ["hello": "world", "param2": "value2"])
    opt.start { response in
        if let err = response.error {
            print("error: \(err.localizedDescription)")
            return //also notify app of failure as needed
        }
        print("opt finished: \(response.description)")
    }
} catch let error {
    print("got an error creating the request: \(error)")
}

The HTTPResponse contains all the common HTTP response data, such as the responseObject of the data and the headers of the response.

HTTP Methods

All the common HTTP methods are avalaible as convenience methods as well.

POST

let params = ["param": "param1", "array": ["first array element","second","third"], "num": 23, "dict": ["someKey": "someVal"]]
do {
    let opt = try HTTP.POST("https://domain.com/new", parameters: params)
    opt.start { response in
    //do things...
    }
} catch let error {
    print("got an error creating the request: \(error)")
}

PUT

let opt = try HTTP.PUT("https://domain.com/1")

HEAD

let opt = try HTTP.HEAD("https://domain.com/1")

DELETE

let opt = try HTTP.DELETE("https://domain.com/1")

Background Downloads

//TODO implement background download...

Upload

File uploads can be done using the Upload object. All files to upload should be wrapped in a Upload object and added as a parameter.

let fileUrl = NSURL(fileURLWithPath: "/Users/dalton/Desktop/testfile")!
do {
    let opt = try HTTP.POST("https://domain.com/new", parameters: ["aParam": "aValue", "file": Upload(fileUrl: fileUrl)])
    opt.start { response in
    //do things...
    }
} catch let error {
    print("got an error creating the request: \(error)")
}

Upload comes in both a on disk fileUrl version and a NSData version.

Custom Headers

Custom HTTP headers can be add to a request with the standard NSMutableRequest API:

do {
    let opt = try HTTP.GET("https://domain.com", parameters: ["hello": "there"], headers: ["header": "value"])
    opt.start { response in
        //do stuff
    }
} catch let error {
    print("couldn't serialize the paraemeters: \(error)")
}

SSL Pinning

SSL Pinning is also supported in SwiftHTTP.

do {
    let opt = try HTTP.GET("https://domain.com")
    opt.security = HTTPSecurity(certs: [HTTPSSLCert(data: data)], usePublicKeys: true)
    //opt.security = HTTPSecurity() //uses the .cer files in your app's bundle
    opt.start { response in
        if let err = response.error {
            print("error: \(err.localizedDescription)")
            return //also notify app of failure as needed
        }
        print("opt finished: \(response.description)")
    }
} catch let error {
    print("got an error creating the request: \(error)")
}

You load either a NSData blob of your certificate or you can use a SecKeyRef if you have a public key you want to use. The usePublicKeys bool is whether to use the certificates for validation or the public keys. The public keys will be extracted from the certificates automatically if usePublicKeys is choosen.

Authentication

SwiftHTTP supports authentication through NSURLCredential. Currently only Basic Auth and Digest Auth have been tested.

do {
    let opt = try HTTP.GET("https://domain.com")
    //the auth closures will continually be called until a successful auth or rejection
    var attempted = false
    opt.auth = { challenge in
        if !attempted {
            attempted = true
            return NSURLCredential(user: "user", password: "passwd", persistence: .ForSession)
        }
        return nil //auth failed, nil causes the request to be properly cancelled.
    }
    opt.start { response in
    //do stuff
    }
} catch let error {
    print("got an error creating the request: \(error)")
}

Allow all certificates example:

do {
    let opt = try HTTP.GET("https://domain.com")
    //the auth closures will continually be called until a successful auth or rejection
    var attempted = false
    opt.auth = { challenge in
    if !attempted {
        attempted = true
        return NSURLCredential(forTrust: challenge.protectionSpace.serverTrust)
    }
    return nil
}
    opt.start { response in
    //do stuff
    }
} catch let error {
    print("got an error creating the request: \(error)")
}

Operation Queue

Operation queues are also supported in SwiftHTTP.

let operationQueue = NSOperationQueue()
operationQueue.maxConcurrentOperationCount = 2
do {
    let opt = try HTTP.New("https://google.com", method: .GET)
    opt.onFinish = { response in
    //do stuff
    }
    operationQueue.addOperation(opt)
} catch let error {
    print("got an error creating the request: \(error)")
}

Cancel

Let's say you want to cancel the request a little later, call the cancel method that we get from it being an NSOperation subclass.

opt.cancel()

JSON Request Serializer

Request parameters can also be serialized to JSON as needed. By default request are serialized using standard HTTP form encoding.

do {
    let opt = try HTTP.New("https://google.com", method: .GET, requestSerializer: JSONParameterSerializer())
    opt.onFinish = { response in
        if let err = response.error {
            print("error: \(err.localizedDescription)")
            return //also notify app of failure as needed
        }
        print("opt finished: \(response.description)")
    }
} catch let error {
    print("got an error creating the request: \(error)")
}

Progress

SwiftHTTP can monitor the progress of a request.

do {
    let opt = try HTTP.GET("https://domain.com/somefile")
    opt.progress = { progress in
        print("progress: \(progress)") //this will be between 0 and 1.
    }
    opt.start { response in
    //do stuff
    }
} catch let error {
    print("got an error creating the request: \(error)")
}

Global handlers

SwiftHTTP also has global handlers, to reduce the requirement of repeat HTTP modifiers, such as a auth header or setting NSMutableURLRequest properties such as timeoutInterval.

//modify NSMutableURLRequest for any Factory method call (e.g. HTTP.GET, HTTP.POST, HTTP.New, etc).
HTTP.globalRequest { req in
    req.timeoutInterval = 5
}

//set a global SSL pinning setting
HTTP.globalSecurity(HTTPSecurity()) //see the SSL section for more info

//set global auth handler. See the Auth section for more info
HTTP.globalAuth { challenge in
    return NSURLCredential(user: "user", password: "passwd", persistence: .ForSession)
}

Client/Server Example

This is a full example swiftHTTP in action. First here is a quick web server in Go.

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/bar", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        log.Println("got a web request")
        fmt.Println("header: ", r.Header.Get("someKey"))
        w.Write([]byte("{\"status\": \"ok\"}"))
    })

    log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil))
}

Now for the request:

struct Response: JSONJoy {
    let status: String?
    init(_ decoder: JSONDecoder) {
        status = decoder["status"].string
    }
}

do {
    let opt = try HTTP.GET("http://localhost:8080/bar")
    opt.start { response in
        if let error = response.error {
            print("got an error: \(error)")
            return
        }
        let resp = Response(JSONDecoder(response.data))
        if let status = resp.status {
            print("completed: \(status)")
        }
    }
} catch let error {
    print("got an error: \(error)")
}

POST example

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "io"
    "log"
    "net/http"
    "os"
)

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/bar", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        fmt.Println("header: ", r.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
        upload, header, err := r.FormFile("file")
        if err != nil {
            w.Write([]byte("{\"error\": \"bad file upload\"}")) //normally be a 500 status code
            return
        }
        file, err := os.Create(header.Filename) // we would normally need to generate unique filenames.
        if err != nil {
            w.Write([]byte("{\"error\": \"system error occured\"}")) //normally be a 500 status code
            return
        }
        io.Copy(file, upload) // write the uploaded file to disk.
        w.Write([]byte("{\"status\": \"ok\"}")) 
    })

    log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil))
}

Now for the Swift:

struct Response: JSONJoy {
    let status: String?
    let error: String?
    init(_ decoder: JSONDecoder) {
        status = decoder["status"].string
        error = decoder["error"].string
    }
}

do {
    let url = NSURL(fileURLWithPath: "/Users/dalton/Desktop/dalton.jpeg")
    let opt = try HTTP.POST("http://localhost:8080/bar", parameters: ["test": "value", "file": Upload(fileUrl: url)])
    opt.start { response in
        if let error = response.error {
            print("got an error: \(error)")
            return
        }
        let resp = Response(JSONDecoder(response.data))
        if let err = resp.error {
            print("got an error: \(err)")
        }
        if let status = resp.status {
            print("completed: \(status)")
        }
    }
} catch let error {
    print("got an error: \(error)")
}

JSON Parsing

Swift has a lot of great JSON parsing libraries, but I made one specifically designed for JSON to object serialization.

JSONJoy-Swift

Requirements

SwiftHTTP works with iOS 7/OSX 10.10 or above. It is recommended to use iOS 8/10.10 or above for CocoaPods/framework support. To use SwiftHTTP with a project targeting iOS 7, you must include all Swift files directly in your project.

Installation

CocoaPods

Check out Get Started tab on cocoapods.org.

To use SwiftHTTP in your project add the following 'Podfile' to your project

source 'https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git'
platform :ios, '8.0'
use_frameworks!

pod 'SwiftHTTP', '~> 1.0.4'

Then run:

pod install

Carthage

Check out the Carthage docs on how to add a install. The SwiftHTTP framework is already setup with shared schemes.

Carthage Install

You can install Carthage with Homebrew using the following command:

$ brew update
$ brew install carthage

To integrate SwiftHTTP into your Xcode project using Carthage, specify it in your Cartfile:

github "daltoniam/SwiftHTTP" >= 1.0.4

Rogue

First see the installation docs for how to install Rogue.

To install SwiftHTTP run the command below in the directory you created the rogue file.

rogue add https://github.com/daltoniam/SwiftHTTP

Next open the libs folder and add the SwiftHTTP.xcodeproj to your Xcode project. Once that is complete, in your "Build Phases" add the SwiftHTTP.framework to your "Link Binary with Libraries" phase. Make sure to add the libsfolder to your .gitignore file.

Other

Simply grab the framework (either via git submodule or another package manager).

Add the SwiftHTTP.xcodeproj to your Xcode project. Once that is complete, in your "Build Phases" add the SwiftHTTP.framework to your "Link Binary with Libraries" phase.

Add Copy Frameworks Phase

If you are running this in an OSX app or on a physical iOS device you will need to make sure you add the SwiftHTTP.framework included in your app bundle. To do this, in Xcode, navigate to the target configuration window by clicking on the blue project icon, and selecting the application target under the "Targets" heading in the sidebar. In the tab bar at the top of that window, open the "Build Phases" panel. Expand the "Link Binary with Libraries" group, and add SwiftHTTP.framework. Click on the + button at the top left of the panel and select "New Copy Files Phase". Rename this new phase to "Copy Frameworks", set the "Destination" to "Frameworks", and add SwiftHTTP.framework.