环境:Myeclipse10.6+jdk7
库:spring4.1.6
1.创建项目
在Myeclipse中配置Maven相关属性,创建基于Maven的java工程testSpring。
2.添加依赖库
在pom.xml中添加spring依赖。
<!-- spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>4.1.6.RELEASE</version> </dependency>
3.定义接口
spring的基本调用方法是在启动程序中加载配置并创建ApplicationContext,通过ApplicationContext获取Service Bean和Dao Bean并注入,再调用Bean中的业务方法。
目录结构如下:
src --main ----java ------com.sunbin.test.testSpring --------main ----------测试运行类 --------service ----------service接口类 ----------impl ------------service实现类 --------dao ----------dao接口类 ----------impl ------------dao实现类 ----resources ------spring配置文件
定义service接口TestService。
package com.sunbin.test.testSpring.service; public interface TestService { public String test(String string); }
定义dao接口TestDao。
package com.sunbin.test.testSpring.dao; public interface TestDao { public String test(String string); }
4.实现接口
简单实现service接口。
package com.sunbin.test.testSpring.service.impl; import com.sunbin.test.testSpring.dao.TestDao; import com.sunbin.test.testSpring.service.TestService; public class TestServiceImpl implements TestService { private TestDao testDao; public String test(String string) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return "testServiceImpl.test:"+testDao.test(string); } public TestDao getTestDao() { return testDao; } public void setTestDao(TestDao testDao) { this.testDao = testDao; } }
实现dao接口。
package com.sunbin.test.testSpring.dao.impl; import com.sunbin.test.testSpring.dao.TestDao; public class TestDaoImpl implements TestDao { @Override public String test(String string) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return "testDaoImpl.test:"+string; } }
5.spring配置
在src/main/resources下创建配置文件root-context.xml,内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd" default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="true"> <import resource="services.xml"/> <import resource="daos.xml"/> </beans>
配置中载入其他配置文件。
services.xml中定义service层Bean:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd" default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="true"> <!-- services --> <bean id="testService" class="com.sunbin.test.testSpring.service.impl.TestServiceImpl"> </bean> </beans>
dao.xml中定义dao层Bean:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd" default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="true"> <!-- daos --> <bean id="testDao" class="com.sunbin.test.testSpring.dao.impl.TestDaoImpl"> </bean> </beans>
通过设置default-autowire="byName",spring会自动查找名为testDao的Bean(dao.xml中定义),并通过TestServiceImpl类的setter方法注入testService Bean。
6.测试
创建测试类Test。
package com.sunbin.test.testSpring.main; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import com.sunbin.test.testSpring.service.TestService; public class Test { /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "root-context.xml" }); TestService testService =(TestService) applicationContext.getBean("testService"); System.out.println(testService.test("helloWorld")); } }
测试类中加载spring配置、创建ApplicationContext、获取Service Bean(Dao Bean被注入)。
运行结果如下:
- testServiceImpl.test:testDaoImpl.test:helloWorld
说明Test、Service、Dao各层创建、注入、调用成功。