spring---FactoryBean与BeanFactory的区别

1.BeanFactory

BeanFactory是IOC最基本的容器，负责生产和管理bean，它为其他具体的IOC容器提供了最基本的规范，例如DefaultListableBeanFactory,

XmlBeanFactory,ApplicationContext 等具体的容器都是实现了BeanFactory，再在其基础之上附加了其他的功能。

BeanFactory源码

package org.springframework.beans.factory;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
public interface BeanFactory {
String FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX = "&";
Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException;
<T> T getBean(String name, Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException;
<T> T getBean(Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException;
Object getBean(String name, Object... args) throws BeansException;
boolean containsBean(String name);
boolean isSingleton(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;
boolean isPrototype(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;
boolean isTypeMatch(String name, Class<?> targetType) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;
Class<?> getType(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;
String[] getAliases(String name);
}

2.FactoryBean

FactoryBean是一个接口，当在IOC容器中的Bean实现了FactoryBean后，通过getBean(String BeanName)获取到的Bean对象并不是FactoryBean的实现类对象，而是这个实现类中的getObject()方法返回的对象。要想获取FactoryBean的实现类，就要getBean(&BeanName)，在BeanName之前加上&。

FactoryBean源码

package org.springframework.beans.factory;
public interface FactoryBean<T> {
T getObject() throws Exception;
Class<?> getObjectType();
boolean isSingleton();
}

下面是一个应用FactoryBean的例子

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context= "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop= "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx= "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation= "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">
<bean id="student" class="com.spring.bean.Student">
<property name="name" value="zhangsan" />
</bean>
<bean id="school" class="com.spring.bean.School">
</bean>
<bean id="factoryBeanPojo" class="com.spring.bean.FactoryBeanPojo">
<property name="type" value="student" />
</bean>
</beans>

FactoryBean的实现类

import org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean;
/**
* @author 作者 wangbiao
* @date 创建时间：2016年11月14日上午11:19:31
* @parameter
* @return
*/
public class FactoryBeanPojo implements FactoryBean{
private String type;
@Override
public Object getObject() throws Exception {
if( "student".equals(type)){
return new Student();
} else{
return new School();
}
}
@Override
public Class getObjectType() {
return School.class;
}
@Override
public boolean isSingleton() {
return true;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
}

普通的bean

/**
* @author 作者 wangbiao
* @date 创建时间：2016年11月14日上午11:13:18
* @parameter
* @return
*/
public class School {
private String schoolName;
private String address;
private int studentNumber;
public String getSchoolName() {
return schoolName;
}
public void setSchoolName(String schoolName) {
this.schoolName = schoolName;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public int getStudentNumber() {
return studentNumber;
}
public void setStudentNumber(int studentNumber) {
this.studentNumber = studentNumber;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "School [schoolName=" + schoolName + ", address=" + address
+ ", studentNumber=" + studentNumber + "]";
}
}

测试类

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.spring.bean.FactoryBeanPojo;
/**
* @author 作者 wangbiao
* @date 创建时间：2016年11月14日上午11:11:35
* @parameter
* @return
*/
public class FactoryBeanTest {
public static void main(String[] args){
String url = "com/spring/config/BeanConfig.xml";
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext cpxa = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(url);
Object school= cpxa.getBean( "factoryBeanPojo");
FactoryBeanPojo factoryBeanPojo= (FactoryBeanPojo) cpxa.getBean( "&factoryBeanPojo");
System.out.println(school.getClass().getName());
System.out.println(factoryBeanPojo.getClass().getName());
}
}

输出的结果：

十一月 16, 2016 10: 28: 24 上午 org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh
INFO: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@ 1e8ee5c0: startup date [Wed Nov 16 10: 28: 24 CST 2016]; root of context hierarchy
十一月 16, 2016 10: 28: 24 上午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
INFO: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [com/spring/config/BeanConfig.xml]
十一月 16, 2016 10:28:24 上午 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons
INFO: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@35b793ee: defining beans [student,school,factoryBeanPojo]; root of factory hierarchy
com.spring.bean.Student
com.spring.bean.FactoryBeanPojo

从结果上可以看到当从IOC容器中获取FactoryBeanPojo对象的时候，用getBean(String BeanName)获取的确是Student对象，可以看到在FactoryBeanPojo中的type属性设置为student的时候，会在getObject()方法中返回Student对象。所以说从IOC容器获取实现了FactoryBean的实现类时，返回的却是实现类中的getObject方法返回的对象，要想获取FactoryBean的实现类，得在getBean(String BeanName)中的BeanName之前加上&,写成getBean(String &BeanName)。

3.BeanFactory和FactoryBean的区别

BeanFactory和FactoryBean其实没有什么比较性的，只是两者的名称特别接近，所以有时候会拿出来比较一番，BeanFactory是提供了OC容器最基本的形式，给具体的IOC容器的实现提供了规范，FactoryBean可以说为IOC容器中Bean的实现提供了更加灵活的方式，FactoryBean在IOC容器的基础上给Bean的实现加上了一个简单工厂模式和装饰模式，我们可以在getObject()方法中灵活配置。其实在Spring源码中有很多FactoryBean的实现类，要想深入准确的理解FactoryBean,只有去读读Spring源码了。