简介
我们先看看官方给出的kafka分布式架构图
多个 broker 协同合作，producer 和 consumer 部署在各个业务逡辑中被频繁的调用，三者通过 zookeeper管理协调请求和转収。返样一个高怅能的分布式消息収布不订阅系统就完成了。
我们以一个broker为例介绍下整个消息系统的启动过程
整个系统运行的顺序：
1.启劢 zookeeper 的 server
2.启劢 kafka 的 server
3.Producer 如果生产了数据，会先通过 zookeeper 找刡 broker，然后将数据存放迕 broker
4.Consumer 如果要消费数据，会先通过 zookeeper 找对应的 broker，然后消费。
分布式环境搭建
单机版
先去kafka官网现在最新的kafka安装包
[root@bogon software]# wget http://apache.fayea.com/kafka/0.10.2.1/kafka_2.10-0.10.2.1.tgz
然后把kafka解压到安装目录下
[root@bogon software]# tar -zvxf kafka_2.10-0.10.2.1.tgz -C /usr/local/kafka/
重命名kafka安装包，方便配置
[root@bogon kafka]# mv kafka_2.10-0.10.2.1 kafk进入kafka/bin文件夹，这里有各种功能脚本，包括发送消息，消费消息、创建topic，查看topic以及各种启动、停止服务脚本等
启动zookeeper
[root@bogon bin]# sh zookeeper-server-start.sh -daemon ../config/zookeeper.properties
启动kafka服务
[root@bogon bin]# sh kafka-server-start.sh ../config/server.properties提示如下错误：
这时候我们需要修改下主机名
[root@xg sysconfig]# hostname localhost
[root@xg sysconfig]# su
再次执行
[root@localhost bin]# sh kafka-server-start.sh ../config/server.properties[root@localhost bin]# sh kafka-server-start.sh ../config/server.properties
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,581] INFO KafkaConfig values:
advertised.host.name = null
advertised.listeners = null
advertised.port = null
authorizer.class.name =
auto.create.topics.enable = true
auto.leader.rebalance.enable = true
background.threads = 10
broker.id = 0
broker.id.generation.enable = true
broker.rack = null
compression.type = producer
connections.max.idle.ms = 600000
controlled.shutdown.enable = true
controlled.shutdown.max.retries = 3
controlled.shutdown.retry.backoff.ms = 5000
controller.socket.timeout.ms = 30000
create.topic.policy.class.name = null
default.replication.factor = 1
delete.topic.enable = false
fetch.purgatory.purge.interval.requests = 1000
group.max.session.timeout.ms = 300000
group.min.session.timeout.ms = 6000
host.name =
inter.broker.listener.name = null
inter.broker.protocol.version = 0.10.2-IV0
leader.imbalance.check.interval.seconds = 300
leader.imbalance.per.broker.percentage = 10
listener.security.protocol.map = SSL:SSL,SASL_PLAINTEXT:SASL_PLAINTEXT,TRACE:TRACE,SASL_SSL:SASL_SSL,PLAINTEXT:PLAINTEXT
listeners = null
log.cleaner.backoff.ms = 15000
log.cleaner.dedupe.buffer.size = 134217728
log.cleaner.delete.retention.ms = 86400000
log.cleaner.enable = true
log.cleaner.io.buffer.load.factor = 0.9
log.cleaner.io.buffer.size = 524288
log.cleaner.io.max.bytes.per.second = 1.7976931348623157E308
log.cleaner.min.cleanable.ratio = 0.5
log.cleaner.min.compaction.lag.ms = 0
log.cleaner.threads = 1
log.cleanup.policy = [delete]
log.dir = /tmp/kafka-logs
log.dirs = /tmp/kafka-logs
log.flush.interval.messages = 9223372036854775807
log.flush.interval.ms = null
log.flush.offset.checkpoint.interval.ms = 60000
log.flush.scheduler.interval.ms = 9223372036854775807
log.index.interval.bytes = 4096
log.index.size.max.bytes = 10485760
log.message.format.version = 0.10.2-IV0
log.message.timestamp.difference.max.ms = 9223372036854775807
log.message.timestamp.type = CreateTime
log.preallocate = false
log.retention.bytes = -1
log.retention.check.interval.ms = 300000
log.retention.hours = 168
log.retention.minutes = null
log.retention.ms = null
log.roll.hours = 168
log.roll.jitter.hours = 0
log.roll.jitter.ms = null
log.roll.ms = null
log.segment.bytes = 1073741824
log.segment.delete.delay.ms = 60000
max.connections.per.ip = 2147483647
max.connections.per.ip.overrides =
message.max.bytes = 1000012
metric.reporters = []
metrics.num.samples = 2
metrics.recording.level = INFO
metrics.sample.window.ms = 30000
min.insync.replicas = 1
num.io.threads = 8
num.network.threads = 3
num.partitions = 1
num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir = 1
num.replica.fetchers = 1
offset.metadata.max.bytes = 4096
offsets.commit.required.acks = -1
offsets.commit.timeout.ms = 5000
offsets.load.buffer.size = 5242880
offsets.retention.check.interval.ms = 600000
offsets.retention.minutes = 1440
offsets.topic.compression.codec = 0
offsets.topic.num.partitions = 50
offsets.topic.replication.factor = 3
offsets.topic.segment.bytes = 104857600
port = 9092
principal.builder.class = class org.apache.kafka.common.security.auth.DefaultPrincipalBuilder
producer.purgatory.purge.interval.requests = 1000
queued.max.requests = 500
quota.consumer.default = 9223372036854775807
quota.producer.default = 9223372036854775807
quota.window.num = 11
quota.window.size.seconds = 1
replica.fetch.backoff.ms = 1000
replica.fetch.max.bytes = 1048576
replica.fetch.min.bytes = 1
replica.fetch.response.max.bytes = 10485760
replica.fetch.wait.max.ms = 500
replica.high.watermark.checkpoint.interval.ms = 5000
replica.lag.time.max.ms = 10000
replica.socket.receive.buffer.bytes = 65536
replica.socket.timeout.ms = 30000
replication.quota.window.num = 11
replication.quota.window.size.seconds = 1
request.timeout.ms = 30000
reserved.broker.max.id = 1000
sasl.enabled.mechanisms = [GSSAPI]
sasl.kerberos.kinit.cmd = /usr/bin/kinit
sasl.kerberos.min.time.before.relogin = 60000
sasl.kerberos.principal.to.local.rules = [DEFAULT]
sasl.kerberos.service.name = null
sasl.kerberos.ticket.renew.jitter = 0.05
sasl.kerberos.ticket.renew.window.factor = 0.8
sasl.mechanism.inter.broker.protocol = GSSAPI
security.inter.broker.protocol = PLAINTEXT
socket.receive.buffer.bytes = 102400
socket.request.max.bytes = 104857600
socket.send.buffer.bytes = 102400
ssl.cipher.suites = null
ssl.client.auth = none
ssl.enabled.protocols = [TLSv1.2, TLSv1.1, TLSv1]
ssl.endpoint.identification.algorithm = null
ssl.key.password = null
ssl.keymanager.algorithm = SunX509
ssl.keystore.location = null
ssl.keystore.password = null
ssl.keystore.type = JKS
ssl.protocol = TLS
ssl.provider = null
ssl.secure.random.implementation = null
ssl.trustmanager.algorithm = PKIX
ssl.truststore.location = null
ssl.truststore.password = null
ssl.truststore.type = JKS
unclean.leader.election.enable = true
zookeeper.connect = localhost:2181
zookeeper.connection.timeout.ms = 6000
zookeeper.session.timeout.ms = 6000
zookeeper.set.acl = false
zookeeper.sync.time.ms = 2000
(kafka.server.KafkaConfig)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,678] INFO starting (kafka.server.KafkaServer)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,681] INFO Connecting to zookeeper on localhost:2181 (kafka.server.KafkaServer)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,706] INFO Starting ZkClient event thread. (org.I0Itec.zkclient.ZkEventThread)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,729] INFO Client environment:zookeeper.version=3.4.9-1757313, built on 08/23/2016 06:50 GMT (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,729] INFO Client environment:host.name=localhost (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,729] INFO Client environment:java.version=1.8.0_101 (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,729] INFO Client environment:java.vendor=Oracle Corporation (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,729] INFO Client environment:java.home=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_101/jre (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,729] INFO Client environment:java.class.path=.:/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_101/lib/dt.jar:/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_101/lib/tools.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/aopalliance-repackaged-2.5.0-b05.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/argparse4j-0.7.0.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/connect-api-0.10.2.1.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/connect-file-0.10.2.1.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/connect-json-0.10.2.1.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/connect-runtime-0.10.2.1.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/connect-transforms-0.10.2.1.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/guava-18.0.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/hk2-api-2.5.0-b05.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/hk2-locator-2.5.0-b05.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/hk2-utils-2.5.0-b05.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jackson-annotations-2.8.0.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jackson-annotations-2.8.5.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jackson-core-2.8.5.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jackson-databind-2.8.5.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jackson-jaxrs-base-2.8.5.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jackson-jaxrs-json-provider-2.8.5.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jackson-module-jaxb-annotations-2.8.5.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/javassist-3.20.0-GA.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/javax.annotation-api-1.2.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/javax.inject-1.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/javax.inject-2.5.0-b05.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/javax.servlet-api-3.1.0.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/javax.ws.rs-api-2.0.1.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jersey-client-2.24.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jersey-common-2.24.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jersey-container-servlet-2.24.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jersey-container-servlet-core-2.24.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jersey-guava-2.24.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jersey-media-jaxb-2.24.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jersey-server-2.24.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jetty-continuation-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jetty-http-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jetty-io-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jetty-security-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jetty-server-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jetty-servlet-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jetty-servlets-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jetty-util-9.2.15.v20160210.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/jopt-simple-5.0.3.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/kafka_2.10-0.10.2.1.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/kafka_2.10-0.10.2.1-sources.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/kafka_2.10-0.10.2.1-test-sources.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/kafka-clients-0.10.2.1.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/kafka-log4j-appender-0.10.2.1.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/kafka-streams-0.10.2.1.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/kafka-streams-examples-0.10.2.1.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/kafka-tools-0.10.2.1.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/lz4-1.3.0.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/metrics-core-2.2.0.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/osgi-resource-locator-1.0.1.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/reflections-0.9.10.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/rocksdbjni-5.0.1.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/scala-library-2.10.6.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/slf4j-api-1.7.21.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.21.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/snappy-java-1.1.2.6.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/validation-api-1.1.0.Final.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/zkclient-0.10.jar:/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin/../libs/zookeeper-3.4.9.jar (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,730] INFO Client environment:java.library.path=/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,730] INFO Client environment:java.io.tmpdir=/tmp (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,730] INFO Client environment:java.compiler=<NA> (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,730] INFO Client environment:os.name=Linux (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,730] INFO Client environment:os.arch=amd64 (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,730] INFO Client environment:os.version=3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,730] INFO Client environment:user.name=root (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,730] INFO Client environment:user.home=/root (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,730] INFO Client environment:user.dir=/usr/local/kafka/kafka/bin (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,732] INFO Initiating client connection, connectString=localhost:2181 sessionTimeout=6000 watcher=org.I0Itec.zkclient.ZkClient@21de60b4 (org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,759] INFO Waiting for keeper state SyncConnected (org.I0Itec.zkclient.ZkClient)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,766] INFO Opening socket connection to server localhost/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:2181. Will not attempt to authenticate using SASL (unknown error) (org.apache.zookeeper.ClientCnxn)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,903] INFO Socket connection established to localhost/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:2181, initiating session (org.apache.zookeeper.ClientCnxn)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,926] INFO Session establishment complete on server localhost/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1:2181, sessionid = 0x15cb42456980001, negotiated timeout = 6000 (org.apache.zookeeper.ClientCnxn)
[2017-06-16 20:49:10,931] INFO zookeeper state changed (SyncConnected) (org.I0Itec.zkclient.ZkClient)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,200] INFO Cluster ID = qln2xViYSCGEl63misidng (kafka.server.KafkaServer)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,206] WARN No meta.properties file under dir /tmp/kafka-logs/meta.properties (kafka.server.BrokerMetadataCheckpoint)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,246] INFO [ThrottledRequestReaper-Fetch], Starting (kafka.server.ClientQuotaManager$ThrottledRequestReaper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,250] INFO [ThrottledRequestReaper-Produce], Starting (kafka.server.ClientQuotaManager$ThrottledRequestReaper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,314] INFO Loading logs. (kafka.log.LogManager)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,327] INFO Logs loading complete in 11 ms. (kafka.log.LogManager)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,436] INFO Starting log cleanup with a period of 300000 ms. (kafka.log.LogManager)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,439] INFO Starting log flusher with a default period of 9223372036854775807 ms. (kafka.log.LogManager)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,520] INFO Awaiting socket connections on 0.0.0.0:9092. (kafka.network.Acceptor)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,526] INFO [Socket Server on Broker 0], Started 1 acceptor threads (kafka.network.SocketServer)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,560] INFO [ExpirationReaper-0], Starting (kafka.server.DelayedOperationPurgatory$ExpiredOperationReaper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,564] INFO [ExpirationReaper-0], Starting (kafka.server.DelayedOperationPurgatory$ExpiredOperationReaper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,644] INFO Creating /controller (is it secure? false) (kafka.utils.ZKCheckedEphemeral)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,660] INFO Result of znode creation is: OK (kafka.utils.ZKCheckedEphemeral)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,660] INFO 0 successfully elected as leader (kafka.server.ZookeeperLeaderElector)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,821] INFO [ExpirationReaper-0], Starting (kafka.server.DelayedOperationPurgatory$ExpiredOperationReaper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,842] INFO [ExpirationReaper-0], Starting (kafka.server.DelayedOperationPurgatory$ExpiredOperationReaper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,848] INFO New leader is 0 (kafka.server.ZookeeperLeaderElector$LeaderChangeListener)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,851] INFO [ExpirationReaper-0], Starting (kafka.server.DelayedOperationPurgatory$ExpiredOperationReaper)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,866] INFO [GroupCoordinator 0]: Starting up. (kafka.coordinator.GroupCoordinator)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,868] INFO [GroupCoordinator 0]: Startup complete. (kafka.coordinator.GroupCoordinator)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,871] INFO [Group Metadata Manager on Broker 0]: Removed 0 expired offsets in 2 milliseconds. (kafka.coordinator.GroupMetadataManager)
[2017-06-16 20:49:11,948] INFO Will not load MX4J, mx4j-tools.jar is not in the classpath (kafka.utils.Mx4jLoader$)
[2017-06-16 20:49:12,035] INFO Creating /brokers/ids/0 (is it secure? false) (kafka.utils.ZKCheckedEphemeral)
[2017-06-16 20:49:12,043] INFO Result of znode creation is: OK (kafka.utils.ZKCheckedEphemeral)
[2017-06-16 20:49:12,046] INFO Registered broker 0 at path /brokers/ids/0 with addresses: EndPoint(localhost,9092,ListenerName(PLAINTEXT),PLAINTEXT) (kafka.utils.ZkUtils)
[2017-06-16 20:49:12,048] WARN No meta.properties file under dir /tmp/kafka-logs/meta.properties (kafka.server.BrokerMetadataCheckpoint)
[2017-06-16 20:49:12,130] INFO Kafka version : 0.10.2.1 (org.apache.kafka.common.utils.AppInfoParser)
[2017-06-16 20:49:12,130] INFO Kafka commitId : e89bffd6b2eff799 (org.apache.kafka.common.utils.AppInfoParser)
[2017-06-16 20:49:12,132] INFO [Kafka Server 0], started (kafka.server.KafkaServer)最后看到kafka成功启动
测试
创建一个topic
[root@localhost bin]# sh kafka-topics.sh --create --zookeeper localhost:2181 --replication-factor 1 --partitions 1 --topic sunwukong
Created topic "sunwukong".topic创建成功，下面我查看一下
[root@localhost bin]# sh kafka-topics.sh --list --zookeeper localhost:2181
sunwukong发送消息
[root@localhost bin]# sh kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list localhost:9092 --topic sunwukong
hello sunwukong,haha
this is a test message客户端接收消息
[root@localhost bin]# sh kafka-console-consumer.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic sunwukong --from-beginning
Using the ConsoleConsumer with old consumer is deprecated and will be removed in a future major release. Consider using the new consumer by passing [bootstrap-server] instead of [zookeeper].
hello sunwukong,haha
this is a test message集群配置
单机多broker 集群配置
在单节点部署多个broker。 不同的broker 设置不同的 id，监听端口及日志目录。 例如：
cp config/server.properties config/server-1.properties 修改server-1.properties
config/server-1.properties:
broker.id=1
port=9093
log.dir=/tmp/kafka-logs-1启动Kafka服务
sh kafka-server-start.sh ..config/server-1.properties &启动多个服务，具体操作通单机版一样
多机多broker 集群配置
我用的是vm，可以克隆3个vm，模拟安装配置
分别在多个节点按上述方式安装Kafka，配置启动多个Zookeeper 实例。zookeeper.properties配置如下：
initLimit=5
syncLimit=2
server.1=192.168.1.102:2888:3888
server.2=192.168.1.103:2888:3888
server.3=192.168.1.104:2888:3888分别配置多个机器上的Kafka服务 设置不同的broke id，修改server.properties
zookeeper.connect=192.168.1.102:2181,192.168.1.102:2181,192.168.1.102:2181最后我们分别启动zk服务和kafka服务进行验证。