【C/C++】【数据结构】顺序表

顺序表也是线性表，具有线性结构。线性结构分为两种，一是顺序存储，在内存中是连续的；二是链式存储，在内存中是不连续的。

顺序表的特点：

(1) 除第一个元素外，其他所有元素都只有一个直接前驱。

(2) 除最后一个元素外，其他所有元素都只有一个直接后继。

顺序表有容量和长度两个属性。长度指的是，顺序表中有效元素的个数。容量指的是顺序表中最大的可能长度。

若顺序表中的有效元素为0，即长度为0，则称之为空表。

顺序表头文件sequencelist.h

#ifndef _SEQUENCELIST_H
#define _SEQUENCELIST_H

#define SUCCESS 10000
#define FAILURE 10001
#define TRUE    10002
#define FAULSE  10003
#define SIZE       10

typedef int ElemType;

struct SequenceList
{
	int length;
	ElemType *elem;
};

typedef struct SequenceList SqList;

int ListInit(SqList *list);
int ListInsert(SqList *list, int position, ElemType e);
int ListLength(SqList list);
int ListEmpty(SqList list);
int GetElem(SqList L, int position, ElemType *elem);
int ListTraverse(SqList list, void (*p)(ElemType));
int LocateElem(SqList list, ElemType elem, int (*p)(ElemType, ElemType));
int ListDelete(SqList *list, int position, ElemType *elem);
int ListClear(SqList *list);
int ListDestory(SqList *list);
int ListInsertSort(SqList *list, ElemType elem, int (*p)(ElemType, ElemType));
#endif

顺序表初始化

int ListInit(SqList *list)
{
	if(NULL == list)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}

	list->length = 0;

	list->elem = (ElemType *)malloc( SIZE*sizeof(ElemType));
	if(NULL == list->elem)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}

	return SUCCESS;
}

顺序表插入

int ListInsert(SqList *list, int position, ElemType elem)
{
	int i;

	if(NULL == list || NULL == list->elem)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}

	if(position > list->length + 1 || position < 1 || list->length >= SIZE)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}

	for(i = 0; i < list->length - position +1; i++)
	{
		list->elem[list->length - i] = list->elem[list->length - i -1];
	}

	list->elem[position - 1] = elem;
	list->length++;

	return SUCCESS;	
}

顺序表求长

int ListLength(SqList list)
{
	return list.length;
}

顺序表判空

int ListEmpty(SqList list)
{
	return (list.length == 0) ? TRUE : FAULSE;
}

顺序表求值

int GetElem(SqList L, int position, ElemType *elem)
{
	if(position < 1 || position > L.length)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}
	*elem = L.elem[position - 1];
	
	return SUCCESS;
}

顺序表遍历

int ListTraverse(SqList list, void (*p)(ElemType))
{
	int i;

	if( 0 == list.length)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}

	for( i = 0; i < list.length; i++)
	{
		(*p)(list.elem[i]);
	}

	return SUCCESS;
}

顺序表检索

int LocateElem(SqList list, ElemType elem, int (*p)(ElemType, ElemType))
{
	int i;
	if( 0 == list.length)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}

	for(i = 0; i < list.length; i++)
	{
		if(TRUE == (*p)(list.elem[i], elem))
		{
			return i+1;
		}
	}

	return FAILURE;
}

顺序表删除

int ListDelete(SqList *list, int position, ElemType *elem)
{
	int i;
	
	if(NULL == list)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}

	if(position > list->length + 1 || position < 1)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}

	*elem = list->elem[position - 1];
	for(i = 0; i < list->length -position; i++)
	{
		list->elem[position - 1 + i] = list->elem[position + i];
	}
	list->length--;

	return SUCCESS;
}

顺序表重置

int ListClear(SqList *list)
{
	if(NULL == list)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}

	list->length = 0;

	return SUCCESS;
}

顺序表销毁

int ListDestory(SqList *list)
{
	if(NULL == list)
	{
		return FAILURE;
	}

	list->length = 0;
	free(list->elem);
	list->elem = NULL;

	return SUCCESS;
}

测试文件

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include "sequencelist.h"
#include<time.h>

void print(ElemType elem)
{
	printf("%d ", elem);
}
int EQ(ElemType L_elem, ElemType elem)
{
	if(L_elem == elem)
	{
		return TRUE;
	}
	else
	{
		return FALSE;
	}
}
int GT(ElemType L_elem, ElemType elem)
{
	if(L_elem > elem)
	{
		return TRUE;
	}
	else
	{
		return FALSE;
	}
}
int LT(ElemType L_elem, ElemType elem)
{
	if(L_elem < elem)
	{
		return TRUE;
	}
	else
	{
		return FALSE;
	}
}
int main()
{
	SqList L;
	int ret, i;
	ElemType elem;
	int position = 3;

	srand(time(NULL));

	ret = ListInit(&L);
	if(SUCCESS == ret)
	{
		printf("Init success.\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("Init failure.\n");
	}


	for(i = 0; i < 12; i++)
	{
		ret = ListInsert(&L, i + 1, rand() % 10);
		if(SUCCESS == ret)
		{
			printf("Insert success.\n");
		}
		else
		{
			printf("Insert failure.\n");
		}
	}


	printf("Length = %d\n", ListLength(L));
	printf((ListEmpty(L) == TRUE) ? "Empty.\n" : "Not empty.\n");


	position = 3;
	ret = GetElem(L, position, &elem);
	if( FAILURE == ret)
	{
		printf("GetElem failure\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("the %dth is %d\n", position, elem);
	}


	ret = ListTraverse(L,print);
	if( FAILURE == ret)
	{
		printf("\nTraverse failure.\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("\nTraverse success.\n");
	}

	elem = 3;
	ret = LocateElem(L, elem, EQ);
	if(FAILURE == ret)
	{
		printf("failure\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf(" %d is the %dth element\n", elem, ret);
	}


	position = 3;
	ret = ListDelete(&L, position, &elem);
	if(FAILURE == ret)
	{
		printf("Delete failure.\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("Delete the %dth element %d success.\n", position, elem);
	}
	ret = ListTraverse(L,print);
	if( FAILURE == ret)
	{
		printf("\nTraverse failure.\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("\nTraverse success.\n");
	}

	ret = ListClear(&L);
	if(FAILURE == ret)
	{
		printf("Clear failure.\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("Clear success.\n");
	}

	ret = ListDestory(&L);
	if(FAILURE == ret)
	{
		printf("Destory failure.\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("Destory success.\n");
	}
	for(i = 0; i < 12; i++)
	{
		ret = ListInsert(&L, i + 1, rand() % 10);
		if(SUCCESS == ret)
		{
			printf("Insert success.\n");
		}
		else
		{
			printf("Insert failure.\n");
		}
	}
	return 0;
}