为了解决多个VRRP备份组状态不一致的问题，华为防火墙引入VGMP（VRRP Group Management Protocol）来实现对VRRP备份组的统一管理，保证多个VRRP备份组状态的一致性。我们将防火墙上的所有VRRP备份组都加入到一个VGMP组中，由VGMP组来集中监控并管理所有的VRRP备份组状态。如果VGMP组检测到其中一个VRRP备份组的状态变化，则VGMP组会控制组中的所有VRRP备份组统一进行状态切换，保证各VRRP备份组状态的一致性。双机热备协议HRP（Huawei Redundancy Protocol）协议是承载在VGMP(Vrrp Group Management Protocol)报文上进行传输的，在Master和Backup防火墙设备之间备份关键配置命令和会话表状态信息，是双机热备协议。VGMP、HRP是华为私有协议
主备备份双机热备配置
如图，PC1和PC2是企业内网的主机，属于不同的VLAN。AR1是边界路由器。FW1和FW2是企业内部防火墙，他们之间形成双机热备，FW1是active状态，FW2是standby状态。企业内网通过AR1的出端口通过NAT方式访问外网。在防火墙FW1上还配置链路追踪功能，追踪AR2的g0/0/0口，如果到达不了，则切换状态。下面的配置
PC1
PC>ipconfig
IPv4 address......................: 192.168.1.10
Subnet mask.......................: 255.255.255.0
Gateway...........................: 192.168.1.254
Physical address..................: 54-89-98-30-73-39
Vlan .............................: 10PC2
PC>ipconfig
IPv4 address......................: 192.168.2.10
Subnet mask.......................: 255.255.255.0
Gateway...........................: 192.168.2.254
Physical address..................: 54-89-98-AF-62-C9
Vlan..............................: 20LSW1
#
vlan batch 10 20
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
port link-type trunk
port trunk allow-pass vlan 10 20
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
port link-type access
port default vlan 10
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4
port link-type access
port default vlan 20
#
FW1
#
hrp enable
hrp interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0 remote 10.1.1.2
hrp preempt delay 10
hrp track ip-link track
#
ip-link check enable
ip-link name track
destination 20.0.0.2 mode icmp
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
undo shutdown
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1.10
vlan-type dot1q 10
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
vrrp vrid 10 virtual-ip 192.168.1.254 active
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1.20
vlan-type dot1q 20
ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
vrrp vrid 20 virtual-ip 192.168.2.254 active
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2
undo shutdown
ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
vrrp vrid 30 virtual-ip 192.168.3.254 active
#
firewall zone trust
set priority 85
add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1.10
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1.20
#
firewall zone untrust
set priority 5
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2
#
firewall zone name heartbeat id 4
set priority 80
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.3.3
#
#
security-policy
rule name TRUST_UN_TRUST
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
service icmp
action permit
# FW2
#
hrp enable
hrp interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0 remote 10.1.1.2
hrp preempt delay 10
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
undo shutdown
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1.10
vlan-type dot1q 10
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
vrrp vrid 10 virtual-ip 192.168.1.254 active
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1.20
vlan-type dot1q 20
ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
vrrp vrid 20 virtual-ip 192.168.2.254 active
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2
undo shutdown
ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
vrrp vrid 30 virtual-ip 192.168.3.254 active
#
firewall zone trust
set priority 85
add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1.10
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1.20
#
firewall zone untrust
set priority 5
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2
#
firewall zone name heartbeat id 4
set priority 80
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.3.3
#
security-policy
rule name TRUST_UN_TRUST
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
service icmp
action permit
# AR1
#
acl number 2000
rule 5 permit source 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
rule 10 permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 192.168.3.3 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
ip address 20.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
nat outbound 2000
#AR2
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 20.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
#