Oracle 12C RAC TO RAC Data Guard on RHEL7
0.环境说明
| primary db | physical standby | |
| 操作系统 | rhel7 x86_64 | rhel7 x86_64 |
| 数据库版本 | 12.2.0.1 | 12.2.0.1 |
| IP | 10.150.10.134/136 | 10.150.10.139/141 |
| 主机名称 | vm-oradb1-N1/N2 | vm-oradb2-N1/N2 |
| 数据库名称 | albin | albin |
| db_unique_name | albin | albindg |
| 实例名称 | albin1/albin2 | albin1/albin2 |
| tnsnames | tns_albin | tns_albindg |
| dg监听 | lsnr_dg:1625 | lsnr_dg:1625 |
1. 创建primary容器库
1）dbca建库
dbca -ignorePreReqs -ignorePrereqFailure -silent -createDatabase \ -gdbName albin \ -sid albin \ -templateName General_Purpose.dbc \ -characterSet AL32UTF8 \ -createAsContainerDatabase true \ -numberOfPDBs 1 \ -pdbName tmpdb \ -pdbAdminPassword oraP#ssw0rd \ -pdbOptions JSERVER:true,XML:true,CATJAVA:true,CONTEXT:true,ORDIM:true \ -useLocalUndoForPDBs true \
-databaseConfigType RAC \ -databaseType MULTIPURPOSE \ -datafileDestination +DATA \ -datafileJarLocation /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2/db_1/assistants/dbca/templates \ -emConfiguration NONE \ -enableArchive false \ -memoryMgmtType AUTO_SGA \ -memoryPercentage 20 \ -nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16 \ -nodelist vm-oradb1-N1,vm-oradb1-N2 \ -redoLogFileSize 100 \ -storageType ASM \ -sysPassword oraP#ssw0rd \ -systemPassword oraP#ssw0rd \ -useOMF true \ -recoveryAreaDestination NONE
2. 配置Oracle Net和监听
1）tnsnames配置（主备）
su - oracle vi $(orabasehome)/network/admin/tnsnames.ora tns_albin = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.150.10.135)(PORT = 1625)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = albin) ) ) tns_albindg = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.150.10.140)(PORT = 1625)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = albindg) (UR = A) ) )
2）配置监听
-- 主备添加dg监听器
su - grid srvctl add listener -listener LSNR_DG -endpoints "TCP:1625" srvctl start listener -listener LSNR_DG
-- 备库添加静态监听 vi $(orabasehome)/network/admin/listener.ora SID_LIST_LSNR_DG = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = albindg) (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid) (SID_NAME = albin1) ) (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = albindg_DGMGRL) (ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid) (SID_NAME = albin1) ) )
注：其它节点实例按实际情况修改标红处内容
3. 密码文件配置
1）查看密码文件路径
$ srvctl config database -d albin Database unique name: albin Database name: albin Oracle home: /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2/db_1 Oracle user: oracle Spfile: +DATA/ALBIN/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.1328.982582089 Password file: +DATA/ALBIN/PASSWORD/pwdalbin.1312.982581307 Domain: Start options: open
2）复制密码文件到备端服务器
拷贝密码文件到文件系统并传到备端服务器 方案1： su - oracle sqlplus "/ as sysdba" create or replace directory source_dir as '+data/albin/password'; create or replace directory dest_dir as '/tmp'; set lines 168 pages 99 col DIRECTORY_NAME for a32 col owner for a18 col DIRECTORY_PATH for a80 select owner, DIRECTORY_NAME, DIRECTORY_PATH,ORIGIN_CON_ID from dba_directories; begin dbms_file_transfer.copy_file( source_directory_object => 'source_dir', source_file_name => 'pwdalbin.1312.982581307', destination_directory_object => 'dest_dir', destination_file_name => 'orapwalbin'); end; / SQL> host ls -l /tmp/orapwalbin 方案2: su - grid asmcmd cd data/albin/password cp pwdalbin.1312.982581307 /tmp/orapwalbin -- 备端服务器节点
scp /tmp/orapwalbin grid@vm-ora-N1:/tmp/orapwalbin
su - grid
asmcmd -exec "cp /tmp/orapwalbin +data/albindg/password/orapwalbin"
4. 主库开启force logging 和归档
SQL> alter database force logging; alter system set log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc' scope=spfile sid='*'; alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size='102400M' scope=spfile sid='*'; alter system set db_recovery_file_dest='+data' scope=spfile sid='*'; alter system set db_file_name_convert='+data/albindg','+data/albin' scope=spfile sid='*'; alter system set log_file_name_convert='+data/albindg/onlinelog','+data/albin/onlinelog' scope=spfile sid='*'; create pfile='/home/oracle/albin20180816.ora' from spfile; srvctl stop database -db albin srvctl start instance -db albin -i albin1 -o mount sqlplus "/ as sysdba" alter database archivelog; alter database flashback on; srvctl stop instance -db albin -i albin1 srvctl start database -db albin
5. 主库配置dg参数
alter system set db_block_checking=FULL scope=both sid='*'; alter system set db_block_checksum=FULL scope=both sid='*'; alter system set db_lost_write_protect=TYPICAL scope=both sid='*'; alter system set standby_db_preserve_states=ALL scope=spfile sid='*'; alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(albin,albindg)' scope=both sid='*'; alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=albin' scope=both sid='*'; alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=tns_albindg LGWR SYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=albindg' scope=both sid='*'; alter system set fal_server=tns_albindg scope=both sid='*'; alter system set fal_client=tns_albin scope=both sid='*'; alter system set standby_file_management=AUTO scope=both sid='*';
6. 创建pfile给备库使用
sqlplus "/ as sysdba" create pfile='/home/oracle/stdby.ora' from spfile;
host scp /home/oracle/stdby.ora oracle@vm-ora-N1:/home/oracle/stdby.ora
7.主库上创建standby redo logfile
对物理备库创建备重做日志文件,查询主库的联机重做日志文件，备重做日志文件的大小应该与主库联机重做日志文件的大小相同，备重做日志文件组的数量应该比主库联机重做日志文件组多一组，计算公式为(maximum # of logfiles +1) * maximum # of threads (实际：standby_redo_logs = 主库日志组+1，成员数量一致)
注意：RAC数据库，在创建重做日志文件时需要指定thread号
alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 11 ('+DATA') size 100M; alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 12 ('+DATA') size 100M; alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 13 ('+DATA') size 100M; or alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 11 ('+DATA') size 100M，group 12 ('+DATA') size 100M，group 13 ('+DATA') size 100M; alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 11 ('+DATA','+DATA') size 100M，group 12 ('+DATA','+DATA') size 100M，group 13 ('+DATA','+DATA') size 100M; alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 21 ('+DATA') size 100M; alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 22 ('+DATA') size 100M; alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 23 ('+DATA') size 100M;
8. 编辑备库pfile并修改参数配置
vi stdby.ora *.audit_file_dest='/oracle/app/oracle/admin/albin/adump' *.audit_trail='db' *.cluster_database=true *.compatible='12.2.0' *.control_files='+DATA/ALBINDG/CONTROLFILE/current.1317.982581509' *.db_block_checking='FULL' *.db_block_checksum='FULL' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_create_file_dest='+DATA' *.db_file_name_convert='+data/albin','+data/albindg' *.db_lost_write_protect='TYPICAL' *.db_name='albin' *.db_unique_name='albindg' *.db_recovery_file_dest='+DATA' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=107374182400 *.diagnostic_dest='/oracle/app/oracle' *.dispatchers='' *.enable_pluggable_database=true *.fal_client='TNS_ALBIN' *.fal_server='TNS_ALBINDG' family:dw_helper.instance_mode='read-only' albin1.instance_number=1 albin2.instance_number=2 albin2.thread=2 albin1.thread=1 albin2.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS2' albin1.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' *.local_listener='-oraagent-dummy-' *.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(albin,albindg)' *.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=albindg' *.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=tns_albin LGWR SYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=albin' *.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc' *.log_file_name_convert='+data/albin/onlinelog','+data/albindg/onlinelog' *.nls_language='AMERICAN' *.nls_territory='AMERICA' *.open_cursors=300 *.pga_aggregate_target=838860800 *.sga_target=2499805184 *.processes=640 *.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive' *.standby_db_preserve_states='ALL' *.standby_file_management='AUTO'
9. 备库创建目录结构
mkdir -p $(orabase)/admin/albin/{adump,dpdump,pfile,xdb_wallet}
10. 备库启动nomount
export ORACLE_SID=albin1 sqlplus "/ as sysdba" create spfile='+data' from pfile='/home/oracle/stdby.ora'; startup nomount;
-- 获取spfile路径名称
su - grid
asmcmd spget
11. rman duplicate 初始化备库
rman target sys/oraP#ssw0rd@tns_albin auxiliary sys/oraP#ssw0rd@tns_albindg nocatalog run{ allocate channel c1 device type disk; allocate channel c2 device type disk; allocate channel c3 device type disk; allocate channel c4 device type disk; allocate auxiliary channel aux1 device type disk; allocate auxiliary channel aux2 device type disk; allocate auxiliary channel aux3 device type disk; allocate auxiliary channel aux4 device type disk; duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck; }
12. 备库注册数据库实例服务
srvctl add database -db albindg -oraclehome /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2/db_1 -dbtype RAC -spfile '+DATA/ALBIN/PARAMETERFILE/<根据步骤10结果补充>' -role physical_standby -startoption open -stopoption immediate -dbname albin -policy automatic -diskgroup DATA srvctl add instance -db albindg -instance albin1 -n vm-ora-N1 srvctl add instance -db albindg -instance albin2 -n vm-ora-N2
13. 备库执行实时重做应用(其中一个节点实例执行）
sqlplus "/ as sysdba" alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session; -- alter database recover managed standby database parallel 8 using current logfile disconnect from session; -- 关闭实时应用 alter database recover managed standby database cancel;