说明：
Hbase部署模式有以下三种
（1）本地模式：本地模式不依赖于HDFS存储，将文件存储到操作系统本地目录，好处是我们不需要搭建HDFS集群，即可学些HBase相关命令及客户端操作。
（2）伪分布模式：一台机器完成Hbase所有组件的配置，需要依赖HDFS分布式存储
（3）全分布模式：多机部署，一般情况下Hmaster和HregionServer分布在不同的服务器，需要依赖底层HDFS分布式存储。
一、安装介质
hbase-0.96.2-hadoop2-bin.tar.gz
二、安装JDK
[root@hadoop-server01 bin]# mkdir -p /usr/local/apps
[root@hadoop-server01 bin]# ll /usr/local/apps/
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 8 uucp 143 4096 Apr 10 2015 jdk1.7.0_80
[root@hadoop-server01 bin]# pwd
/usr/local/apps/jdk1.7.0_80/bin
[root@hadoop-server01 bin]#vi /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/apps/jdk1.7.0_80
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
[root@hadoop-server01 bin]# source /etc/profile
三、上传安装包并解压
1、上传hbase-0.96.2-hadoop2-bin.tar.gz安装包到服务器
2、解压安装包
[root@hadoop-server01 ~]# tar -xvf hbase-0.96.2-hadoop2-bin.tar.gz -C /apps/hbase/
四、修改配置文件
[root@hadoop-server01 conf]# cd /apps/hbase/hbase-0.96.2-hadoop2/conf
修改hbase-env.sh
标×××部分需要进行修改
# The java implementation to use. Java 1.6 required.
# export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0/
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/apps/jdk1.7.0_80
# Extra Java CLASSPATH elements. Optional.
# Tell HBase whether it should manage it's own instance of Zookeeper or not.
export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=true
主要是设置JAVA_HOME和开启HBase自带的ZK
修改你hbase-site.xml
<configuration>
<!--设置HBase数据存放路径 -->
<property>
<name>hbase.rootdir</name>
<value>hdfs://hadoop-server01:9000/myhbase</value>
</property>
<!-- 开启分布式集群模式 -->
<property>
<name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<!-- 制定HBase使用的Zookeeper地址，这里使用HBase自带的ZK -->
<property>
<name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>
<value>hadoop-server01</value>
</property>
<!-- 设置HRegion副本数，和HDFS数据块副本数没有关系，由于是伪分布模式，所以设置为1 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>
</configuration>
五、启动Hbase
由于伪分布模式数据存储在HDFS，因此启动HBase之前需要先启动Hadoop HDFS
1、启动Hadoop HDFS NameNode和DataNode服务
[root@hadoop-server01 conf]# start-dfs.sh
Starting namenodes on [hadoop-server01]
hadoop-server01: starting namenode, logging to /usr/local/apps/hadoop-2.4.1/logs/hadoop-root-namenode-hadoop-server01.out
hadoop-server01: starting datanode, logging to /usr/local/apps/hadoop-2.4.1/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-hadoop-server01.out
Starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]
0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /usr/local/apps/hadoop-2.4.1/logs/hadoop-root-secondarynamenode-hadoop-server01.out
[root@hadoop-server01 conf]# jps | grep -v Jps
6693 DataNode
6573 NameNode
6841 SecondaryNameNode
2、启动Hbase服务
[root@hadoop-server01 conf]# start-hbase.sh
hadoop-server01: starting zookeeper, logging to /apps/hbase/hbase-0.96.2-hadoop2/bin/../logs/hbase-root-zookeeper-hadoop-server01.out
starting master, logging to /apps/hbase/hbase-0.96.2-hadoop2/logs/hbase-root-master-hadoop-server01.out
The authenticity of host 'localhost (::1)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 4e:96:f2:47:ce:d4:9d:8b:db:cc:dd:7a:79:63:01:74.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
localhost: Warning: Permanently added 'localhost' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
localhost: starting regionserver, logging to /apps/hbase/hbase-0.96.2-hadoop2/bin/../logs/hbase-root-regionserver-hadoop-server01.out
[root@hadoop-server01 conf]# jps | grep -v Jps
6693 DataNode
6573 NameNode
6841 SecondaryNameNode
7242 HMaster
7421 HRegionServer
7175 HQuorumPeer
从启动日志我们可以看出，先启动了Zookeeper服务，在启动HMaster，接着启动HRegionServer
六、验证测试
通过网页检查HBase是否正常
访问端口 60010
如下图，Hbase搭建成功
创建表测试
[root@hadoop-server01 conf]# hbase shell
2018-08-11 05:34:01,693 INFO [main] Configuration.deprecation: hadoop.native.lib is deprecated. Instead, use io.native.lib.available
HBase Shell; enter 'help<RETURN>' for list of supported commands.
Type "exit<RETURN>" to leave the HBase Shell
Version 0.96.2-hadoop2, r1581096, Mon Mar 24 16:03:18 PDT 2014
hbase(main):001:0> create 'Fruit','Apple','Banana','Pairs'
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/apps/hbase/hbase-0.96.2-hadoop2/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.6.4.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/usr/local/apps/hadoop-2.4.1/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
0 row(s) in 1.3400 seconds
=> Hbase::Table - Fruit
hbase(main):002:0>
到hdfs://192.168.1.201:9000/myhbase目录下检查创建的表是否存在
[root@hadoop-server01 conf]# hdfs dfs -ls /myhbase/data/default
Found 1 items
drwxr-xr-x - root supergroup 0 2018-08-11 05:34 /myhbase/data/default/Fruit
由此可以看出，我们创建的表被写入了HDFS中，同样可以通过HBase WebConsole页面进行查询
为此，Hbase伪分布式集群搭建成功