VirtualBox虚拟机添加虚拟磁盘为Linux系统扩充磁盘空间

1、在虚拟机上设置-》存储-》添加磁盘
2、Linux系统进行新磁盘分区
检查现有磁盘空间
[root@maclean1 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/sda2              14        2610    20860402+  8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sdc: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sdd: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdd doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sde: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sde doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sdf: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdf doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sdg: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdg doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sdh: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdh doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sdi: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdi doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sdj: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes                          新添加的磁盘
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdj doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/dm-0: 19.2 GB, 19226689536 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2337 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/dm-1: 2113 MB, 2113929216 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 257 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn't contain a valid partition table

[root@maclean1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdj  sdj磁盘分区，有很多选项，我们选择m帮助信息


Command (m forhelp): n                        创建一个新分区


p                                           选择p添加主分区

Partition number(1-4): 1               选择主分区编号为1， 这样创建后的主分区为sdb1


First cylinder(1-2610, default 1):         选择格式化分区从第几个柱面开始

Using defaultvalue 1                   直接“回车”默认从第1个柱面开始


Last cylinder or+size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-2610, default 2610): 选择格式化分区从第几个柱面结束

Using defaultvalue 2610                直接“回车”默认从最后1个柱面结束

Command (m forhelp): w               键入w，保存设置并退出，完成新磁盘分区表创建

[root@maclean1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdj
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.


The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2610.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
   (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-2610, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-2610, default 2610):
Using default value 2610

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

我们把所有20GB空间都格式化为一个分区了，如果有朋友想划分多个分区，如下方法

Last cylinder or+size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-2610, default 2610): 以MB为单位输入自己想要的大小即可




[root@maclean1~]# fdisk –l            我们在看一下系统磁盘空间分配情况


Disk /dev/sdj: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdj1               1        2610    20964793+  83  Linux



下面我们给新磁盘的/dev/sdb1分区进行格式化操作

[root@maclean1 ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdj1  用ext4格式对/dev/sdb1分区进行格式化

[root@maclean1 ~]# mount /dev/sdj1 /       将新磁盘分区挂载到/目录下，也可以创建其他目录进行挂载（mkdir /u02    在根目录上创建一个新的挂载目录/u02）


[root@maclean1 ~]# df -h                     这是我们挂载新分区之后的挂载点分布
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
                       18G   13G  3.6G  79% /
/dev/sda1              99M   23M   71M  25% /boot
tmpfs                 497M  200M  298M  41% /dev/shm
/dev/sdj1              20G  172M   19G   1% /s01



开机自动挂载新磁盘分区/dev/sdb1
[root@maclean1 ~]# cat /etc/fstab           修改文件，在文件最后新增一行
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1
LABEL=/boot             /boot                   ext3    defaults        1 2
tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0
devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0
sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0
proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
/dev/sdj1                /s01                    ext4    defaults        0 0


这样在重启系统后就会自动挂载到/s01目录上