安装PyQt5
pip install pyqt5简单的例子
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
w = QWidget()
w.resize(250, 150)
w.move(300, 300)
w.setWindowTitle('Simple')
w.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())应用程序的图标
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 300, 220)
self.setWindowTitle('Icon')
self.setWindowIcon(QIcon('web.png'))
self.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())显示提示语
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QToolTip, QPushButton, QApplication)
from PyQt5.QtGui import QFont
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
QToolTip.setFont(QFont('SansSerif', 10))
self.setToolTip('This is a <b>QWidget</b> widget')
btn = QPushButton('Button', self)
btn.setToolTip('This is a <b>QPushButton</b> widget')
btn.resize(btn.sizeHint())
btn.move(50, 50)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 300, 200)
self.setWindowTitle('Tooltips')
self.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())关闭窗口
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QPushButton, QApplication
from PyQt5.QtCore import QCoreApplication
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
qbtn = QPushButton('Quit', self)
qbtn.clicked.connect(QCoreApplication.instance().quit)
qbtn.resize(qbtn.sizeHint())
qbtn.move(50, 50)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 250, 150)
self.setWindowTitle('Quit button')
self.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())消息框
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QMessageBox, QApplication
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 250, 150)
self.setWindowTitle('Message box')
self.show()
def closeEvent(self, event):
reply = QMessageBox.question(self, 'Message',
"Are you sure to quit?", QMessageBox.Yes |
QMessageBox.No, QMessageBox.No)
if reply == QMessageBox.Yes:
event.accept()
else:
event.ignore()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())窗口显示在屏幕的中间
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QDesktopWidget, QApplication
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.resize(250, 150)
self.center()
self.setWindowTitle('Center')
self.show()
def center(self):
qr = self.frameGeometry()
cp = QDesktopWidget().availableGeometry().center()
qr.moveCenter(cp)
self.move(qr.topLeft())
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())绝对定位
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QLabel, QApplication
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
lbl1 = QLabel('Zetcode', self)
lbl1.move(15, 10)
lbl2 = QLabel('tutorials', self)
lbl2.move(35, 40)
lbl2 = QLabel('for programmers', self)
lbl2.move(55, 70)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 250, 150)
self.setWindowTitle('Absolute')
self.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())框布局Boxlayout
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QPushButton,
QHBoxLayout, QVBoxLayout, QApplication)
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
okButton = QPushButton("OK")
cancelButton = QPushButton("Cancel")
hbox = QHBoxLayout()
hbox.addStretch(1)
hbox.addWidget(okButton)
hbox.addWidget(cancelButton)
vbox = QVBoxLayout()
vbox.addStretch(1)
vbox.addLayout(hbox)
self.setLayout(vbox)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 300, 150)
self.setWindowTitle('Buttons')
self.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())表格布局QGridLayout
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QGridLayout,
QPushButton, QApplication)
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
grid = QGridLayout()
self.setLayout(grid)
names = ['Cls', 'Bck', '', 'Close',
'7', '8', '9', '/',
'4', '5', '6', '*',
'1', '2', '3', '-',
'0', '.', '=', '+']
positions = [(i,j) for i in range(5) for j in range(4)]
for position, name in zip(positions, names):
if name == '':
continue
button = QPushButton(name)
grid.addWidget(button, *position)
self.move(300, 150)
self.setWindowTitle('Calculator')
self.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())评论的例子
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QLabel, QLineEdit,
QTextEdit, QGridLayout, QApplication)
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
title = QLabel('Title')
author = QLabel('Author')
review = QLabel('Review')
titleEdit = QLineEdit()
authorEdit = QLineEdit()
reviewEdit = QTextEdit()
grid = QGridLayout()
grid.setSpacing(10)
grid.addWidget(title, 1, 0)
grid.addWidget(titleEdit, 1, 1)
grid.addWidget(author, 2, 0)
grid.addWidget(authorEdit, 2, 1)
grid.addWidget(review, 3, 0)
grid.addWidget(reviewEdit, 3, 1, 5, 1)
self.setLayout(grid)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 350, 300)
self.setWindowTitle('Review')
self.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
主窗口/状态栏
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QApplication
class Example(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.statusBar().showMessage('Ready')
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 250, 150)
self.setWindowTitle('Statusbar')
self.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())菜单栏
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QAction, qApp, QApplication
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon
class Example(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
exitAction = QAction(QIcon('exit.png'), '&Exit', self)
exitAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')
exitAction.setStatusTip('Exit application')
exitAction.triggered.connect(qApp.quit)
self.statusBar()
menubar = self.menuBar()
fileMenu = menubar.addMenu('&File')
fileMenu.addAction(exitAction)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 300, 200)
self.setWindowTitle('Menubar')
self.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
工具栏
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QAction, qApp, QApplication
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon
class Example(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
exitAction = QAction(QIcon('exit24.png'), 'Exit', self)
exitAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')
exitAction.triggered.connect(qApp.quit)
self.toolbar = self.addToolBar('Exit')
self.toolbar.addAction(exitAction)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 300, 200)
self.setWindowTitle('Toolbar')
self.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())菜单栏、状态栏和工具栏的合并
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QAction, QTextEdit, QApplication
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon
class Example(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
textEdit = QTextEdit()
self.setCentralWidget(textEdit)
exitAction = QAction(QIcon('exit24.png'), 'Exit', self)
exitAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')
exitAction.setStatusTip('Exit application')
exitAction.triggered.connect(self.close)
self.statusBar()
menubar = self.menuBar()
fileMenu = menubar.addMenu('&File')
fileMenu.addAction(exitAction)
toolbar = self.addToolBar('Exit')
toolbar.addAction(exitAction)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 350, 250)
self.setWindowTitle('Main window')
self.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())事件和信号
import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QLCDNumber, QSlider,
QVBoxLayout, QApplication)
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
lcd = QLCDNumber(self)
sld = QSlider(Qt.Horizontal, self)
vbox = QVBoxLayout()
vbox.addWidget(lcd)
vbox.addWidget(sld)
self.setLayout(vbox)
sld.valueChanged.connect(lcd.display)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 250, 150)
self.setWindowTitle('Signal & slot')
self.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())重新实现事件处理器
import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QApplication
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 250, 150)
self.setWindowTitle('Event handler')
self.show()
def keyPressEvent(self, e):
if e.key() == Qt.Key_Escape:
self.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())事件发送者
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QPushButton, QApplication
class Example(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
btn1 = QPushButton("Button 1", self)
btn1.move(30, 50)
btn2 = QPushButton("Button 2", self)
btn2.move(150, 50)
btn1.clicked.connect(self.buttonClicked)
btn2.clicked.connect(self.buttonClicked)
self.statusBar()
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 290, 150)
self.setWindowTitle('Event sender')
self.show()
def buttonClicked(self):
sender = self.sender()
self.statusBar().showMessage(sender.text() + ' was pressed')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
发出信号
import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSignal, QObject
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QApplication
class Communicate(QObject):
closeApp = pyqtSignal()
class Example(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.c = Communicate()
self.c.closeApp.connect(self.close)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 290, 150)
self.setWindowTitle('Emit signal')
self.show()
def mousePressEvent(self, event):
self.c.closeApp.emit()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())QCheckBox
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QCheckBox, QApplication
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
cb = QCheckBox('Show title', self)
cb.move(20, 20)
cb.toggle()
cb.stateChanged.connect(self.changeTitle)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 250, 150)
self.setWindowTitle('QCheckBox')
self.show()
def changeTitle(self, state):
if state == Qt.Checked:
self.setWindowTitle('QCheckBox')
else:
self.setWindowTitle('')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())开关按钮 Toggle Button
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QPushButton,
QFrame, QApplication)
from PyQt5.QtGui import QColor
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.col = QColor(0, 0, 0)
redb = QPushButton('Red', self)
redb.setCheckable(True)
redb.move(10, 10)
redb.clicked[bool].connect(self.setColor)
greenb = QPushButton('Green', self)
greenb.setCheckable(True)
greenb.move(10, 60)
greenb.clicked[bool].connect(self.setColor)
blueb = QPushButton('Blue', self)
blueb.setCheckable(True)
blueb.move(10, 110)
blueb.clicked[bool].connect(self.setColor)
self.square = QFrame(self)
self.square.setGeometry(150, 20, 100, 100)
self.square.setStyleSheet("QWidget { background-color: %s }" %
self.col.name())
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 170)
self.setWindowTitle('Toggle button')
self.show()
def setColor(self, pressed):
source = self.sender()
if pressed:
val = 255
else: val = 0
if source.text() == "Red":
self.col.setRed(val)
elif source.text() == "Green":
self.col.setGreen(val)
else:
self.col.setBlue(val)
self.square.setStyleSheet("QFrame { background-color: %s }" %
self.col.name())
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
滑动条 QSlider
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QSlider,
QLabel, QApplication)
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPixmap
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
sld = QSlider(Qt.Horizontal, self)
sld.setFocusPolicy(Qt.NoFocus)
sld.setGeometry(30, 40, 100, 30)
sld.valueChanged[int].connect(self.changeValue)
self.label = QLabel(self)
self.label.setPixmap(QPixmap('audio.ico'))
self.label.setGeometry(160, 40, 80, 30)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 170)
self.setWindowTitle('QSlider')
self.show()
def changeValue(self, value):
if value == 0:
self.label.setPixmap(QPixmap('audio.ico'))
elif value > 0 and value <= 30:
self.label.setPixmap(QPixmap('min.ico'))
elif value > 30 and value < 80:
self.label.setPixmap(QPixmap('med.ico'))
else:
self.label.setPixmap(QPixmap('max.ico'))
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_()) 进度条 QProgress Bar
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QProgressBar,
QPushButton, QApplication)
from PyQt5.QtCore import QBasicTimer
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.pbar = QProgressBar(self)
self.pbar.setGeometry(30, 40, 200, 25)
self.btn = QPushButton('Start', self)
self.btn.move(40, 80)
self.btn.clicked.connect(self.doAction)
self.timer = QBasicTimer()
self.step = 0
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 170)
self.setWindowTitle('QProgressBar')
self.show()
def timerEvent(self, e):
if self.step >= 100:
self.timer.stop()
self.btn.setText('Finished')
return
self.step = self.step + 1
self.pbar.setValue(self.step)
def doAction(self):
if self.timer.isActive():
self.timer.stop()
self.btn.setText('Start')
else:
self.timer.start(100, self)
self.btn.setText('Stop')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())日历控件 QCalendarWidget
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QCalendarWidget,
QLabel, QApplication)
from PyQt5.QtCore import QDate
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
cal = QCalendarWidget(self)
cal.setGridVisible(True)
cal.move(20, 20)
cal.clicked[QDate].connect(self.showDate)
self.lbl = QLabel(self)
date = cal.selectedDate()
self.lbl.setText(date.toString())
self.lbl.move(130, 260)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 350, 300)
self.setWindowTitle('Calendar')
self.show()
def showDate(self, date):
self.lbl.setText(date.toString())
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())QPixmap
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QHBoxLayout,
QLabel, QApplication)
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPixmap
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
hbox = QHBoxLayout(self)
pixmap = QPixmap("icon.png")
lbl = QLabel(self)
lbl.setPixmap(pixmap)
hbox.addWidget(lbl)
self.setLayout(hbox)
self.move(300, 200)
self.setWindowTitle('Red Rock')
self.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())文本框 QLineEdit
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QLabel,
QLineEdit, QApplication)
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.lbl = QLabel(self)
qle = QLineEdit(self)
qle.move(60, 100)
self.lbl.move(60, 40)
qle.textChanged[str].connect(self.onChanged)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 170)
self.setWindowTitle('QLineEdit')
self.show()
def onChanged(self, text):
self.lbl.setText(text)
self.lbl.adjustSize()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())QSplitter
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QHBoxLayout, QFrame,
QSplitter, QStyleFactory, QApplication)
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
hbox = QHBoxLayout(self)
topleft = QFrame(self)
topleft.setFrameShape(QFrame.StyledPanel)
topright = QFrame(self)
topright.setFrameShape(QFrame.StyledPanel)
bottom = QFrame(self)
bottom.setFrameShape(QFrame.StyledPanel)
splitter1 = QSplitter(Qt.Horizontal)
splitter1.addWidget(topleft)
splitter1.addWidget(topright)
splitter2 = QSplitter(Qt.Vertical)
splitter2.addWidget(splitter1)
splitter2.addWidget(bottom)
hbox.addWidget(splitter2)
self.setLayout(hbox)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 300, 200)
self.setWindowTitle('QSplitter')
self.show()
def onChanged(self, text):
self.lbl.setText(text)
self.lbl.adjustSize()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())简单拖放
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QPushButton, QWidget,
QLineEdit, QApplication)
class Button(QPushButton):
def __init__(self, title, parent):
super().__init__(title, parent)
self.setAcceptDrops(True)
def dragEnterEvent(self, e):
if e.mimeData().hasFormat('text/plain'):
e.accept()
else:
e.ignore()
def dropEvent(self, e):
self.setText(e.mimeData().text())
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
edit = QLineEdit('', self)
edit.setDragEnabled(True)
edit.move(30, 65)
button = Button("Button", self)
button.move(190, 65)
self.setWindowTitle('Simple drag & drop')
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 300, 150)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
ex.show()
app.exec_()拖放一个按钮
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QPushButton, QWidget, QApplication
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt, QMimeData
from PyQt5.QtGui import QDrag
class Button(QPushButton):
def __init__(self, title, parent):
super().__init__(title, parent)
def mouseMoveEvent(self, e):
if e.buttons() != Qt.RightButton:
return
mimeData = QMimeData()
drag = QDrag(self)
drag.setMimeData(mimeData)
drag.setHotSpot(e.pos() - self.rect().topLeft())
dropAction = drag.exec_(Qt.MoveAction)
def mousePressEvent(self, e):
QPushButton.mousePressEvent(self, e)
if e.button() == Qt.LeftButton:
print('press')
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.setAcceptDrops(True)
self.button = Button('Button', self)
self.button.move(100, 65)
self.setWindowTitle('Click or Move')
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 150)
def dragEnterEvent(self, e):
e.accept()
def dropEvent(self, e):
position = e.pos()
self.button.move(position)
e.setDropAction(Qt.MoveAction)
e.accept()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
ex.show()
app.exec_()
绘制文本
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QApplication
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPainter, QColor, QFont
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.text = u'\u041b\u0435\u0432 \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\
\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0422\u043e\u043b\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439: \n\
\u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430'
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 170)
self.setWindowTitle('Draw text')
self.show()
def paintEvent(self, event):
qp = QPainter()
qp.begin(self)
self.drawText(event, qp)
qp.end()
def drawText(self, event, qp):
qp.setPen(QColor(168, 34, 3))
qp.setFont(QFont('Decorative', 10))
qp.drawText(event.rect(), Qt.AlignCenter, self.text)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
画点
import sys, random
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QApplication
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPainter, QColor, QPen
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 170)
self.setWindowTitle('Points')
self.show()
def paintEvent(self, e):
qp = QPainter()
qp.begin(self)
self.drawPoints(qp)
qp.end()
def drawPoints(self, qp):
qp.setPen(Qt.red)
size = self.size()
for i in range(1000):
x = random.randint(1, size.width() - 1)
y = random.randint(1, size.height() - 1)
qp.drawPoint(x, y)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())颜色
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QApplication
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPainter, QColor, QBrush
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 350, 100)
self.setWindowTitle('Colours')
self.show()
def paintEvent(self, e):
qp = QPainter()
qp.begin(self)
self.drawRectangles(qp)
qp.end()
def drawRectangles(self, qp):
col = QColor(0, 0, 0)
col.setNamedColor('#d4d4d4')
qp.setPen(col)
qp.setBrush(QColor(200, 0, 0))
qp.drawRect(10, 15, 90, 60)
qp.setBrush(QColor(255, 80, 0, 160))
qp.drawRect(130, 15, 90, 60)
qp.setBrush(QColor(25, 0, 90, 200))
qp.drawRect(250, 15, 90, 60)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())QPen（画笔）
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QApplication
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPainter, QColor, QPen
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 270)
self.setWindowTitle('Pen styles')
self.show()
def paintEvent(self, e):
qp = QPainter()
qp.begin(self)
self.drawLines(qp)
qp.end()
def drawLines(self, qp):
pen = QPen(Qt.black, 2, Qt.SolidLine)
qp.setPen(pen)
qp.drawLine(20, 40, 250, 40)
pen.setStyle(Qt.DashLine)
qp.setPen(pen)
qp.drawLine(20, 80, 250, 80)
pen.setStyle(Qt.DashDotLine)
qp.setPen(pen)
qp.drawLine(20, 120, 250, 120)
pen.setStyle(Qt.DotLine)
qp.setPen(pen)
qp.drawLine(20, 160, 250, 160)
pen.setStyle(Qt.DashDotDotLine)
qp.setPen(pen)
qp.drawLine(20, 200, 250, 200)
pen.setStyle(Qt.CustomDashLine)
pen.setDashPattern([1, 4, 5, 4])
qp.setPen(pen)
qp.drawLine(20, 240, 250, 240)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())QBrush（画刷）
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QApplication
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPainter, QBrush
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 355, 280)
self.setWindowTitle('Brushes')
self.show()
def paintEvent(self, e):
qp = QPainter()
qp.begin(self)
self.drawBrushes(qp)
qp.end()
def drawBrushes(self, qp):
brush = QBrush(Qt.SolidPattern)
qp.setBrush(brush)
qp.drawRect(10, 15, 90, 60)
brush.setStyle(Qt.Dense1Pattern)
qp.setBrush(brush)
qp.drawRect(130, 15, 90, 60)
brush.setStyle(Qt.Dense2Pattern)
qp.setBrush(brush)
qp.drawRect(250, 15, 90, 60)
brush.setStyle(Qt.DiagCrossPattern)
qp.setBrush(brush)
qp.drawRect(10, 105, 90, 60)
brush.setStyle(Qt.Dense5Pattern)
qp.setBrush(brush)
qp.drawRect(130, 105, 90, 60)
brush.setStyle(Qt.Dense6Pattern)
qp.setBrush(brush)
qp.drawRect(250, 105, 90, 60)
brush.setStyle(Qt.HorPattern)
qp.setBrush(brush)
qp.drawRect(10, 195, 90, 60)
brush.setStyle(Qt.VerPattern)
qp.setBrush(brush)
qp.drawRect(130, 195, 90, 60)
brush.setStyle(Qt.BDiagPattern)
qp.setBrush(brush)
qp.drawRect(250, 195, 90, 60)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())自定义控件
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QSlider, QApplication,
QHBoxLayout, QVBoxLayout)
from PyQt5.QtCore import QObject, Qt, pyqtSignal
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPainter, QFont, QColor, QPen
class Communicate(QObject):
updateBW = pyqtSignal(int)
class BurningWidget(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.setMinimumSize(1, 30)
self.value = 75
self.num = [75, 150, 225, 300, 375, 450, 525, 600, 675]
def setValue(self, value):
self.value = value
def paintEvent(self, e):
qp = QPainter()
qp.begin(self)
self.drawWidget(qp)
qp.end()
def drawWidget(self, qp):
font = QFont('Serif', 7, QFont.Light)
qp.setFont(font)
size = self.size()
w = size.width()
h = size.height()
step = int(round(w / 10.0))
till = int(((w / 750.0) * self.value))
full = int(((w / 750.0) * 700))
if self.value >= 700:
qp.setPen(QColor(255, 255, 255))
qp.setBrush(QColor(255, 255, 184))
qp.drawRect(0, 0, full, h)
qp.setPen(QColor(255, 175, 175))
qp.setBrush(QColor(255, 175, 175))
qp.drawRect(full, 0, till - full, h)
else:
qp.setPen(QColor(255, 255, 255))
qp.setBrush(QColor(255, 255, 184))
qp.drawRect(0, 0, till, h)
pen = QPen(QColor(20, 20, 20), 1,
Qt.SolidLine)
qp.setPen(pen)
qp.setBrush(Qt.NoBrush)
qp.drawRect(0, 0, w - 1, h - 1)
j = 0
for i in range(step, 10 * step, step):
qp.drawLine(i, 0, i, 5)
metrics = qp.fontMetrics()
fw = metrics.width(str(self.num[j]))
qp.drawText(i - fw / 2, h / 2, str(self.num[j]))
j = j + 1
class Example(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
sld = QSlider(Qt.Horizontal, self)
sld.setFocusPolicy(Qt.NoFocus)
sld.setRange(1, 750)
sld.setValue(75)
sld.setGeometry(30, 40, 150, 30)
self.c = Communicate()
self.wid = BurningWidget()
self.c.updateBW[int].connect(self.wid.setValue)
sld.valueChanged[int].connect(self.changeValue)
hbox = QHBoxLayout()
hbox.addWidget(self.wid)
vbox = QVBoxLayout()
vbox.addStretch(1)
vbox.addLayout(hbox)
self.setLayout(vbox)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 390, 210)
self.setWindowTitle('Burning widget')
self.show()
def changeValue(self, value):
self.c.updateBW.emit(value)
self.wid.repaint()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
俄罗斯方块
import sys, random
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QFrame, QDesktopWidget, QApplication
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt, QBasicTimer, pyqtSignal
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPainter, QColor
class Tetris(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.tboard = Board(self)
self.setCentralWidget(self.tboard)
self.statusbar = self.statusBar()
self.tboard.msg2Statusbar[str].connect(self.statusbar.showMessage)
self.tboard.start()
self.resize(180, 380)
self.center()
self.setWindowTitle('Tetris')
self.show()
def center(self):
screen = QDesktopWidget().screenGeometry()
size = self.geometry()
self.move((screen.width() - size.width()) / 2,
(screen.height() - size.height()) / 2)
class Board(QFrame):
msg2Statusbar = pyqtSignal(str)
BoardWidth = 10
BoardHeight = 22
Speed = 300
def __init__(self, parent):
super().__init__(parent)
self.initBoard()
def initBoard(self):
self.timer = QBasicTimer()
self.isWaitingAfterLine = False
self.curX = 0
self.curY = 0
self.numLinesRemoved = 0
self.board = []
self.setFocusPolicy(Qt.StrongFocus)
self.isStarted = False
self.isPaused = False
self.clearBoard()
def shapeAt(self, x, y):
return self.board[(y * Board.BoardWidth) + x]
def setShapeAt(self, x, y, shape):
self.board[(y * Board.BoardWidth) + x] = shape
def squareWidth(self):
return self.contentsRect().width() // Board.BoardWidth
def squareHeight(self):
return self.contentsRect().height() // Board.BoardHeight
def start(self):
if self.isPaused:
return
self.isStarted = True
self.isWaitingAfterLine = False
self.numLinesRemoved = 0
self.clearBoard()
self.msg2Statusbar.emit(str(self.numLinesRemoved))
self.newPiece()
self.timer.start(Board.Speed, self)
def pause(self):
if not self.isStarted:
return
self.isPaused = not self.isPaused
if self.isPaused:
self.timer.stop()
self.msg2Statusbar.emit("paused")
else:
self.timer.start(Board.Speed, self)
self.msg2Statusbar.emit(str(self.numLinesRemoved))
self.update()
def paintEvent(self, event):
painter = QPainter(self)
rect = self.contentsRect()
boardTop = rect.bottom() - Board.BoardHeight * self.squareHeight()
for i in range(Board.BoardHeight):
for j in range(Board.BoardWidth):
shape = self.shapeAt(j, Board.BoardHeight - i - 1)
if shape != Tetrominoe.NoShape:
self.drawSquare(painter,
rect.left() + j * self.squareWidth(),
boardTop + i * self.squareHeight(), shape)
if self.curPiece.shape() != Tetrominoe.NoShape:
for i in range(4):
x = self.curX + self.curPiece.x(i)
y = self.curY - self.curPiece.y(i)
self.drawSquare(painter, rect.left() + x * self.squareWidth(),
boardTop + (Board.BoardHeight - y - 1) * self.squareHeight(),
self.curPiece.shape())
def keyPressEvent(self, event):
if not self.isStarted or self.curPiece.shape() == Tetrominoe.NoShape:
super(Board, self).keyPressEvent(event)
return
key = event.key()
if key == Qt.Key_P:
self.pause()
return
if self.isPaused:
return
elif key == Qt.Key_Left:
self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX - 1, self.curY)
elif key == Qt.Key_Right:
self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX + 1, self.curY)
elif key == Qt.Key_Down:
self.tryMove(self.curPiece.rotateRight(), self.curX, self.curY)
elif key == Qt.Key_Up:
self.tryMove(self.curPiece.rotateLeft(), self.curX, self.curY)
elif key == Qt.Key_Space:
self.dropDown()
elif key == Qt.Key_D:
self.oneLineDown()
else:
super(Board, self).keyPressEvent(event)
def timerEvent(self, event):
if event.timerId() == self.timer.timerId():
if self.isWaitingAfterLine:
self.isWaitingAfterLine = False
self.newPiece()
else:
self.oneLineDown()
else:
super(Board, self).timerEvent(event)
def clearBoard(self):
for i in range(Board.BoardHeight * Board.BoardWidth):
self.board.append(Tetrominoe.NoShape)
def dropDown(self):
newY = self.curY
while newY > 0:
if not self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX, newY - 1):
break
newY -= 1
self.pieceDropped()
def oneLineDown(self):
if not self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX, self.curY - 1):
self.pieceDropped()
def pieceDropped(self):
for i in range(4):
x = self.curX + self.curPiece.x(i)
y = self.curY - self.curPiece.y(i)
self.setShapeAt(x, y, self.curPiece.shape())
self.removeFullLines()
if not self.isWaitingAfterLine:
self.newPiece()
def removeFullLines(self):
numFullLines = 0
rowsToRemove = []
for i in range(Board.BoardHeight):
n = 0
for j in range(Board.BoardWidth):
if not self.shapeAt(j, i) == Tetrominoe.NoShape:
n = n + 1
if n == 10:
rowsToRemove.append(i)
rowsToRemove.reverse()
for m in rowsToRemove:
for k in range(m, Board.BoardHeight):
for l in range(Board.BoardWidth):
self.setShapeAt(l, k, self.shapeAt(l, k + 1))
numFullLines = numFullLines + len(rowsToRemove)
if numFullLines > 0:
self.numLinesRemoved = self.numLinesRemoved + numFullLines
self.msg2Statusbar.emit(str(self.numLinesRemoved))
self.isWaitingAfterLine = True
self.curPiece.setShape(Tetrominoe.NoShape)
self.update()
def newPiece(self):
self.curPiece = Shape()
self.curPiece.setRandomShape()
self.curX = Board.BoardWidth // 2 + 1
self.curY = Board.BoardHeight - 1 + self.curPiece.minY()
if not self.tryMove(self.curPiece, self.curX, self.curY):
self.curPiece.setShape(Tetrominoe.NoShape)
self.timer.stop()
self.isStarted = False
self.msg2Statusbar.emit("Game over")
def tryMove(self, newPiece, newX, newY):
for i in range(4):
x = newX + newPiece.x(i)
y = newY - newPiece.y(i)
if x < 0 or x >= Board.BoardWidth or y < 0 or y >= Board.BoardHeight:
return False
if self.shapeAt(x, y) != Tetrominoe.NoShape:
return False
self.curPiece = newPiece
self.curX = newX
self.curY = newY
self.update()
return True
def drawSquare(self, painter, x, y, shape):
colorTable = [0x000000, 0xCC6666, 0x66CC66, 0x6666CC,
0xCCCC66, 0xCC66CC, 0x66CCCC, 0xDAAA00]
color = QColor(colorTable[shape])
painter.fillRect(x + 1, y + 1, self.squareWidth() - 2,
self.squareHeight() - 2, color)
painter.setPen(color.lighter())
painter.drawLine(x, y + self.squareHeight() - 1, x, y)
painter.drawLine(x, y, x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y)
painter.setPen(color.darker())
painter.drawLine(x + 1, y + self.squareHeight() - 1,
x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y + self.squareHeight() - 1)
painter.drawLine(x + self.squareWidth() - 1,
y + self.squareHeight() - 1, x + self.squareWidth() - 1, y + 1)
class Tetrominoe(object):
NoShape = 0
ZShape = 1
SShape = 2
LineShape = 3
TShape = 4
SquareShape = 5
LShape = 6
MirroredLShape = 7
class Shape(object):
coordsTable = (
((0, 0), (0, 0), (0, 0), (0, 0)),
((0, -1), (0, 0), (-1, 0), (-1, 1)),
((0, -1), (0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1)),
((0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2)),
((-1, 0), (0, 0), (1, 0), (0, 1)),
((0, 0), (1, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1)),
((-1, -1), (0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1)),
((1, -1), (0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1))
)
def __init__(self):
self.coords = [[0, 0] for i in range(4)]
self.pieceShape = Tetrominoe.NoShape
self.setShape(Tetrominoe.NoShape)
def shape(self):
return self.pieceShape
def setShape(self, shape):
table = Shape.coordsTable[shape]
for i in range(4):
for j in range(2):
self.coords[i][j] = table[i][j]
self.pieceShape = shape
def setRandomShape(self):
self.setShape(random.randint(1, 7))
def x(self, index):
return self.coords[index][0]
def y(self, index):
return self.coords[index][1]
def setX(self, index, x):
self.coords[index][0] = x
def setY(self, index, y):
self.coords[index][1] = y
def minX(self):
m = self.coords[0][0]
for i in range(4):
m = min(m, self.coords[i][0])
return m
def maxX(self):
m = self.coords[0][0]
for i in range(4):
m = max(m, self.coords[i][0])
return m
def minY(self):
m = self.coords[0][1]
for i in range(4):
m = min(m, self.coords[i][1])
return m
def maxY(self):
m = self.coords[0][1]
for i in range(4):
m = max(m, self.coords[i][1])
return m
def rotateLeft(self):
if self.pieceShape == Tetrominoe.SquareShape:
return self
result = Shape()
result.pieceShape = self.pieceShape
for i in range(4):
result.setX(i, self.y(i))
result.setY(i, -self.x(i))
return result
def rotateRight(self):
if self.pieceShape == Tetrominoe.SquareShape:
return self
result = Shape()
result.pieceShape = self.pieceShape
for i in range(4):
result.setX(i, -self.y(i))
result.setY(i, self.x(i))
return result
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication([])
tetris = Tetris()
sys.exit(app.exec_())