Redis与mysql同步之路

【java】gearman进行Mysql到Redis的复制

一.整体思路说明



以mysql数据为主,写操作(insert,update,delete)交于mysql,读操作交于redis。当数据库数据发生改变时,通过Mysql触发器(insert,update,delete)异步调用gearman的UDF提交一个job给job server(可以由PHP,也可以用java),当执行job的时候去更新redis,达到redis与mysql数据是同步的。

二、环境 mysql,redis,gearman,Centos 64位

三、简介

1.redis简介

Redis是一个开源的K-V内存数据库,它的key可以是string/set/hash/list/...,因为是基于内存的,所在访问速度相当快。

2.gearman简介

Gearman是一个开源的Map/Reduce分布式计算框架,具有丰富的client sdk,而且它支持MySQL UDF。

四、环境搭建(mysql,redis,gearman,Centos 64位)

1.redis的环境安装

2.gearman的环境搭建

//安装依赖
$ yum install -y boost-devel gperf libevent-devel libuuid-devel

//下载gearman  2015-12-10来看都是最新版本
$ wget https://launchpad.net/gearmand/1.2/1.1.12/+download/gearmand-1.1.12.tar.gz
$ tar zxvf gearmand-1.1.12.tar.gz

//编译安装,指定mysqlclient的链接路径 进入gearmand-1.1.12
$ cd gearmand-1.1.12
$ ./configure
$ make
$ make install

//启动gearmand服务端 (启动之时,在/var/log/下创建gearmand.log日志文件。-l 指定日志文件  -d后台运行 -L 0.0.0.0 绑定到IPV4)
$ /usr/local/sbin/gearmand -L 0.0.0.0 -l /var/log/gearmand.log -d

//查看是否启动成功
[root@iZ94uyronrjZ mysql]# ps -ef | grep gearman
root     31142     1  0 17:06 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/sbin/gearmand -L 0.0.0.0 -l /znwx/logs/gearmand/gearmand.log -d
root     31174 30507  0 17:40 pts/0    00:00:00 grep gearman
//查看是否安装成功,查看gearman版本
$ /usr/local/sbin/gearmand -V
安装问题解决:执行./configure(前提已安装boost)
configure:error :could not find boost
解决方法
$ yum install gcc-c++ 

3.MySQL UDF + Trigger同步数据到Gearman

3.1安装lib_mysqludf_json

//安装mysql的开发包,否则找不到mysql_config文件
$ yum install -y  mysql-devel
//下载lib_mysqludf_json(地址:https://github.com/mysqludf)
$ cd lib_mysqludf_json
先删除 lib_mysqludf_json.so
//编译 mysql_config 这是mysql的配置文件,可以 find /usr -name mysql_config 搜索下在什么位置
$ gcc $(/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config  --cflags) -shared -fPIC -o lib_mysqludf_json.so lib_mysqludf_json.c

//拷贝lib_mysqludf_json.so到MySQL的plugin目录
//可以登陆MySQL,输入命令"show variables like '%plugin%'"查看plugin位置
$ cp lib_mysqludf_json.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/

//演示lib_mysqludf_json功能
$ mysql -uname -hhost -ppwd
//首先注册UDF函数
mysql> CREATE FUNCTION json_object RETURNS STRING 
       SONAME "lib_mysqludf_json.so";
//json_array|json_members|json_values函数注册方式与json_object一样.
mysql> use test;
mysql> select * from user_list;
+------+----------+
| NAME | PASSWORD |
+------+----------+
| troy | pwd      |
+------+----------+
mysql> select json_object(name,password) as user from user_list;
+----------------------------------+
| user                             |
+----------------------------------+
| {"name":"troy","password":"pwd"} |
+----------------------------------+

3.2 安装gearman-mysql-udf

//下载 2015年12月10日已知最新版本
$ wget https://launchpad.net/gearman-mysql-udf/trunk/0.6/+download/gearman-mysql-udf-0.6.tar.gz
$ tar zxvf gearman-mysql-udf-0.6.tar.gz
$ cd gearman-mysql-udf-0.6

//安装libgearman-devel
$ yum install libgearman-devel

//编译安装
//可以登陆MySQL,输入命令"show variables like '%plugin%'"查看plugin位置, mysql_config的配置文件,以及插件库所在路径,编译之后会在此路径生成.so文件
./configure --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --libdir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin/

$ make && make install

//登录MySQL注册UDF函数
mysql> CREATE FUNCTION gman_do_background RETURNS STRING
       SONAME "libgearman_mysql_udf.so";
mysql> CREATE FUNCTION gman_servers_set RETURNS STRING
       SONAME "libgearman_mysql_udf.so";
//函数gman_do|gman_do_high|gman_do_low|gman_do_high_background|gman_do_low_background|gman_sum注册方式类似,请参考gearman-mysql-udf-0.6/README

//指定gearman job server地址
mysql> SELECT gman_servers_set('127.0.0.1:4730');
如果出现异常信息:
ERROR 1126 (HY000): Can't open shared library 'libgearman_mysql_udf.so' (errno: 11 libgearman.so.8: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory)
表示系统找不到 libgearman.so 文件,一般so都在/usr/local/lib目录下,修改配置文件/etc/ld.so.conf,将/usr/local/lib目录加入进去即可:操作如下

$ cat /etc/ld.so.conf
include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
/usr/local/lib
$ /sbin/ldconfig -v | grep gearman*

3.3 MySQL Trigger调用Gearman UDF实现同步(user_list表添加id字段)

DELIMITER $$
CREATE TRIGGER user_list_data_to_redis AFTER UPDATE ON user_list
  FOR EACH ROW BEGIN
    SET @ret=gman_do_background('MySQLToRedis', json_object(New.id as 'id',NEW.name as 'name', NEW.password as 'password')); 
  END$$
DELIMITER ;

说明:mysql只支持单事件的触发,insert与delete需另外配置

五、java实现job server 和worker或者单worker

说明以及问题:此类采用了gearman官网的 java-gearman-service(地址: https://code.google.com/p/java-gearman-service/ ),目前release版本是0.6.6。CSDN下载地址
还需要的redis的ja,采用maven配置。本次演示采用本地主程序测试.
<dependency>  
	    <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>  
	    <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>  
	    <version>2.1.0</version>  
</dependency> 
废话不多说,直接上java代码
package com.yuanjun.webSocket.redis;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

import org.gearman.Gearman;
import org.gearman.GearmanFunction;
import org.gearman.GearmanFunctionCallback;
import org.gearman.GearmanServer;
import org.gearman.GearmanWorker;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;

import com.yuanjun.webSocket.bean.Demo;

/** 
 * mysql 同步到 redis 的工具类。连接远程gearman job server 
 * 实现原理  
 * mysql_udf  >>>>>  gearman job server>>>> gearm worker(本类) >>>>> redis 
 * @author yuanjun 2017年11月17日 
 * 说明:Config配置采用手动配置,非配置文件的方式,只作为环境搭建的实验
 */  
@Component  
public class MysqlToRedisWorker implements GearmanFunction{  
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MysqlToRedisWorker.class);  
    //Gearman UDF的方法名  
    public static final String ECHO_FUNCTION_NAME = "MySQLToRedis";  
    //Gearman服务的ip地址 
    public static final String EchoHost = "47.94.208.171";
    //Gearman的默认端口
    public static final int EchoPort = 4730;  
      
    /** 
     * 连接其他jobserver用的。 
     */  
    public void startWorker() {  
        Gearman gearman = Gearman.createGearman();  //创建gearman对象,无论是client,worker都是由这个对象产生的  
        log.info("MysqlToRedisWorkder connection:"+EchoHost+":"+EchoPort+",function:"+MysqlToRedisWorker.ECHO_FUNCTION_NAME);  
        GearmanServer server = gearman.createGearmanServer(EchoHost, EchoPort);  //创建gearman server,主要是server地址和端口  
  
        GearmanWorker worker = gearman.createGearmanWorker();  //正题来了,创建work节点。  
        worker.setReconnectPeriod(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS);  //设置超时重连时间  
        worker.setMaximumConcurrency(5);  //最大并发数  
  
        worker.addFunction(ECHO_FUNCTION_NAME, this);  //添加function方法  
        worker.addServer(server);  //将work添加到server中  
        log.info("MysqlToRedisWorkder is started!!!!");  
    }  
    /**
     * 具体的job实现,实现redis的更新操作  
     */
    public byte[] work(String func, byte[] data, GearmanFunctionCallback callback)  
            throws Exception {  
          
        log.info("收到mysql的数据:::"+new String(data));
        String jsonStr = new String(data);
        //将json格式字符串转为object
        JSONObject jsonobject = JSONObject.fromObject(jsonStr);
        Demo user= (Demo)JSONObject.toBean(jsonobject,Demo.class); 
        //Jedis的连接池
        JedisPool jedisPool = RedisPoolUtil.getJedisPool();
        Jedis jedis  = jedisPool.getResource();
        //采用hash结构插入
        jedis.hset("user_"+user.getId(), "name", user.getName());
        jedis.hset("user_"+user.getId(), "password", user.getPassword());
        //释放资源
        RedisPoolUtil.release(jedisPool, jedis);
        return data;  
    }

	
}   
package com.yuanjun.webSocket.bean;
/**
 * 对于的实体类
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Demo {
	private int id ;
	
	//是否删除
	private boolean isdelete;
	
	private String name;
	
	private String password;

	public Demo(){
		
	}
	
	public Demo(int id, boolean isdelete,String name,String password){
		this.id = id ;
		this.isdelete = isdelete;
		this.name = name;
		this.password  = password;
	}
	
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}

	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}

	
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public boolean isIsdelete() {
		return isdelete;
	}

	public void setIsdelete(boolean isdelete) {
		this.isdelete = isdelete;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Demo [id=" + id + ", isdelete=" + isdelete + ", name=" + name
				+ ", password=" + password + "]";
	}

	
	
	
}

package com.yuanjun.webSocket.redis;

import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;

/**
 * redis 连接池工具类
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */

public class RedisPoolUtil {
	 //Redis服务器IP
    private static String ADDR = "47.94.208.171";
    
    //Redis的端口号
    private static int PORT = 6379;
    
    //访问密码
    private static String AUTH = "123456";
    
    //可用连接实例的最大数目,默认值为8;
    //如果赋值为-1,则表示不限制;如果pool已经分配了maxActive个jedis实例,则此时pool的状态为exhausted(耗尽)。
    private static int MAX_ACTIVE = 1024;
    
    //控制一个pool最多有多少个状态为idle(空闲的)的jedis实例,默认值也是8。
    private static int MAX_IDLE = 200;
    
    //等待可用连接的最大时间,单位毫秒,默认值为-1,表示永不超时。如果超过等待时间,则直接抛出JedisConnectionException;
    private static int MAX_WAIT = 10000;
    
    private static int TIMEOUT = 10000;
    
    //在borrow一个jedis实例时,是否提前进行validate操作;如果为true,则得到的jedis实例均是可用的;
    private static boolean TEST_ON_BORROW = true;
	
	private static volatile JedisPool jedisPool = null;
	private RedisPoolUtil(){
		
	}
	public static JedisPool getJedisPool(){
		if(null ==jedisPool){
			synchronized (JedisPool.class) {
				if(null == jedisPool){
					JedisPoolConfig poolConfig = new JedisPoolConfig();
					poolConfig.setMaxActive(MAX_ACTIVE);
					poolConfig.setMaxIdle(MAX_IDLE);
					poolConfig.setMaxWait(MAX_WAIT);
					poolConfig.setTestOnBorrow(TEST_ON_BORROW);
					jedisPool = new JedisPool(poolConfig, ADDR, PORT, TIMEOUT, AUTH);
				}
			}
		}
		return jedisPool;
	}
	
	public static void release(JedisPool jedisPool,Jedis jedis){
		if(null!=jedis){
			jedisPool.returnResource(jedis);
		}
	}
}
package com.yuanjun.webSocket.Test;

import com.yuanjun.webSocket.redis.MysqlToRedisWorker;
/**
 * 演示测试
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		MysqlToRedisWorker mysql = new MysqlToRedisWorker();
		mysql.startWorker();
	}
}

六、测试结果展示







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转载自blog.csdn.net/shenbug/article/details/78555680