RHCE练习题 4.配置链路聚合 四种方法

题目 配置链路聚合

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在server0和desktop0之间按一下要求配置：
- 此链路使用接口eth1和eth2
- 此链路在一个接口失效时仍然能工作
- 此链路在server0使用下面的地址 192.168.0.101/255.255.255.0
- 此链路在desktop0使用下面的地址 192.168.0.102/255.255.255.0
- 此链路在系统重启之后依然保持正常状态

接口现况

[root@server0 ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:00:00:0b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.25.0.11/24 brd 172.25.0.255 scope global dynamic eth0
       valid_lft 17060sec preferred_lft 17060sec
    inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe00:b/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 26:d4:ed:35:28:b8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
6: eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 9a:4f:bb:1d:db:17 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

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操作

操作要在server0和desktop0上均配置。但是以下只用server0做演示。方法都一样的。

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方法1 nmcli Command-Line 工具

• 添加一个team类型的接口，配置名叫team0，接口名叫team0，JSON配置，由于需要一个接口失效的时候，依然能工作，所以指定的是 activebackup。

  [root@server0 ~]# nmcli connection add type team con-name team0 ifname team0 config '{"runner":{"name":"activebackup"}}
  

• 将eth1和eth2添加进，team0。

[root@server0 ~]# nmcli connection add type team-slave con-name team0-eth1 ifname eth1 master team0
[root@server0 ~]# nmcli connection add type team-slave con-name team0-eth2 ifname eth2 master team0

• 修改IP地址

[root@server0 ~]# nmcli connection modify team0 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses '192.168.0.101/24'

• 重启网络服务 systemctl restart network

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方法2 nmtui

• [root@server0 ~]# nmtui -> [Edit a connection] -> [Add] -> Team -> [create]
  - 创建一个team类型接口

• profile name => team0
  - 配置名

• Device => * team0*
  - 设备名

• TEAM Slaves [Add] -> Ethernet -> [create] #添加从网卡eth1
  - profile name => team0-eth1
  - Device => eth1
  - [OK]

• TEAM Slaves [Add] -> Ethernet -> [create] #添加从网卡eth2
  - profile name => team0-eth2
  - Device => eth2
  - [OK]

• JSON configuration -> [Add] => {"runner":{"name":"activebackup"}}
  - 添加JSON配置

• IPv4 CONFIGURATION => Manual -> [show] #配置IP
  - [Add] -> Addresses => 192.168.0.101/24

• [ok]

• [root@server0 ~]# systemctl restart network 重启网络服务生效

操作截图

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方法3 nm-connection-editor GUI图形界面配置

其实和nmtui配置大同小异。就是界面不太一样。懒得重复，不赘述.
需要支持xdmcp服务。1. linux ssh连接的时候加 -X选项 2. windows用Xmanager 3. 直接进图形化的操作系统操作。

• [root@server0 ~]# nm-connection-editor 打开图形化界面

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方法4 直接新建配置文件

• 新建一个team的配置文件[root@server0 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-team0


  NAME=team0          #配置名
  DEVICE=team0        #设备名
  DEVICETYPE=Team     #网卡类型
  TEAM_CONFIG="{\"runner\":{\"name\":\"activebackup\"}}"       #JSON配置
  BOOTPROTO=none         #不启用
  IPADDR0=192.168.0.101  #配置IP
  PREFIX0=24             #掩码
  ONBOOT=yes             #开机启用
  

• 添加从网卡eth1配置 [root@server0 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-team0-eth1

  NAME=team0-eth1
  DEVICE=eth1
  BOOTPROTO=none   #其实这里就是dhcp也无所谓，只要DEVICETYPE类型是teamport 就获取不了IP
  ONBOOT=yes
  TEAM_MASTER=team0
  DEVICETYPE=TeamPort
  

• 添加从网卡eth2配置 [root@server0 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-team0-eth2

  NAME=team0-eth2
  DEVICE=eth2
  BOOTPROTO=none   
  ONBOOT=yes
  TEAM_MASTER=team0
  DEVICETYPE=TeamPort
  

• [root@server0 ~]# systemctl restart network 重启网络服务

如果存在eth1和eth2其它配置文件，建议删除，以免引起冲突。

检验 ip addr 和 teamdctl <team name> state

#查看网卡状态
[root@server0 ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:00:00:0b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.25.0.11/24 brd 172.25.0.255 scope global dynamic eth0
       valid_lft 21404sec preferred_lft 21404sec
    inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe00:b/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master team0 state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 26:d4:ed:35:28:b8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
6: eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master team0 state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 26:d4:ed:35:28:b8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
9: team0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP
    link/ether 26:d4:ed:35:28:b8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.0.101/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global team0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::3cca:85ff:fe6e:a8e8/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
# 查看team0详细状态
[root@server0 ~]# teamdctl team0 state
setup:
  runner: activebackup
ports:
  eth1
    link watches:
      link summary: up
      instance[link_watch_0]:
        name: ethtool
        link: up
  eth2
    link watches:
      link summary: up
      instance[link_watch_0]:
        name: ethtool
        link: up
runner:
  active port: eth1

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补充 常用的网卡绑定模式

类型	描述
activebackup	自动备援模式
loadbalance	负载均衡模式
roundrobin	轮换模式