ORACLE 11.2.0.4 DG(Broker) for linux 部署

1、oracle数据库 DB的工作示意图

2、oracle dg的三大工作模式及对数据库的需求依赖

3、本次实验的环境

4、oracle DG部署前的工作
    在centdgpri机器上部署Oracle 11.2.0.4数据库软件并部署实例,在centdgstd机器上只安装Oracle数据库软件,要求centdgpri和centdgstd机器上的oracle环境即数据库相关的软件部署路径最好保持一致。

5、oracle DG的部署
主库调整,开启归档
archive log list;
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/opt/oracle/arch';
alter database archivelog;
archive log list;
alter database open;
alter system archive log current

主库调整,开启闪回
select force_logging, FLASHBACK_ON from v$database; 
alter database force logging;
alter system set  DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE=10g;
alter system set db_recovery_file_dest='/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area';
alter database FLASHBACK ON;
select force_logging, FLASHBACK_ON from v$database;

主库调整,添加standby logfile日志
set linesize 1000
col member for a50
select * from v$logfile order by 1;
select GROUP#  ,BYTES/1024/1024 size_M,STATUS,ARCHIVED from v$log;
alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo06.log') size 50m; 
alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo07.log') size 50m; 
alter database add standby logfile group 8 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo08.log') size 50m; 
alter database add standby logfile group 9 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo09.log') size 50m; 
alter database add standby logfile group 10 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/redo10.log') size 50m; 

主库调整,修改数据库启动pfile文件

orcl.__db_cache_size=327155712

orcl.__java_pool_size=4194304

orcl.__large_pool_size=8388608

orcl.__oracle_base='/opt/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment

orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=314572800

orcl.__sga_target=469762048

orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0

orcl.__shared_pool_size=117440512

orcl.__streams_pool_size=0

*.audit_file_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'

*.audit_trail='db'

*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'

*.control_files='/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=''

*.db_name='orcl'

*.diagnostic_dest='/opt/oracle'

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'

*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/opt/arch'

*.memory_target=783286272

*.open_cursors=300

*.processes=150

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'



DB_UNIQUE_NAME='orcl'

log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(orcl,orcls)'

log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/opt/oracle/arch VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=dbstandby LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcls'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE

FAL_SERVER=dbstandby

FAL_CLIENT=dbprimary

STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

*.log_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/oradata','/opt/oracle/oradata'

*.db_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/oradata','/opt/oracle/oradata'


主库调整,重新生成spfile

startup pfile='$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorcl.ora';

create spfile from memory;

shutdown immediate;

startup;

show parameter spfile;


主库调整,修改监听配置文件listener.ora

LISTENER =

 (DESCRIPTION_LIST=

   (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=centdgpri)(PORT=1521))

    (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY= EXTPROC1521)))

 ) 


SID_LIST_LISTENER =

  (SID_LIST=

    (SID_DESC=

         (GLOBAL_DBNAME=orcl)

         (SID_NAME=orcl)           

         (ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db)

        )

    (SID_DESC =

           (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl_DGMGRL)

           (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db)

           (SID_NAME= orcl)

         )

    )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /opt/oracle 


主库调整,修改TNS服务配置文件tnsnames.ora

DBPRIMARY=

   (DESCRIPTION=

    (ADDRESS_LIST=

     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST=centdgpri)(PORT=1521))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED))

   )

ORCL=

  (DESCRIPTION=

    (ADDRESS_LIST=

     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST=centdgpri)(PORT=1521))

    )

     (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED))

   )


DBSTANDBY=

  (DESCRIPTION=

    (ADDRESS_LIST=

     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST=centdgstd)(PORT=1521))

    )

     (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED))

  )



备库调整,编辑数据库启动pfile

*.audit_file_dest='/opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/adump'

*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'

*.control_files='/opt/oracle/oradata/control01.ctl','/opt/oracle/oradata/control02.ctl'

*.core_dump_dest='/opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/cdump'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_create_file_dest='/opt/oracle/oradata'

*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16

*.db_name='orcl'

*.db_recovery_file_dest='/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=10G

*.diagnostic_dest='/opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace'

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orcl)'

*.job_queue_processes=10

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/opt/oracle/arch'

*.log_buffer=7356416 # log buffer update

*.open_cursors=300

*.optimizer_dynamic_sampling=2

*.optimizer_mode='ALL_ROWS'

*.pga_aggregate_target=186M

*.plsql_warnings='DISABLE:ALL' # PL/SQL warnings at init.ora

*.processes=150

*.query_rewrite_enabled='TRUE'

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.result_cache_max_size=2880K

*.sga_target=560M

*.skip_unusable_indexes=TRUE

*.undo_management='AUTO'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'



DB_UNIQUE_NAME='orcls'

log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(orcls,orcl)'

log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/opt/oracle/arch VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcls'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=dbprimary LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl'

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE

FAL_SERVER=dbprimary

FAL_CLIENT=dbstandby

STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

*.log_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/oradata','/opt/oracle/oradata'

*.db_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/oradata','/opt/oracle/oradata'


备库调整,编辑监听配置文件listener.ora

LISTENER =

 (DESCRIPTION_LIST=

   (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=centdgstd)(PORT=1521))

    (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY= EXTPROC1521)))

 ) 


SID_LIST_LISTENER =

  (SID_LIST=

    (SID_DESC=

         (GLOBAL_DBNAME=orcl)

         (SID_NAME=orcl)           

         (ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db)

        )

    (SID_DESC =

           (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcls_DGMGRL)

           (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db)

           (SID_NAME= orcl)

         )

    )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /opt/oracle 


备库调整,修改备库TNS服务配置文件tnsnames.ora

DBPRIMARY=

   (DESCRIPTION=

    (ADDRESS_LIST=

     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST=centdgpri)(PORT=1521))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED))

   )

ORCLS=

  (DESCRIPTION=

    (ADDRESS_LIST=

     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST=centdgstd)(PORT=1521))

    )

     (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED))

   )


DBSTANDBY=

  (DESCRIPTION=

    (ADDRESS_LIST=

     (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL =TCP)(HOST=centdgstd)(PORT=1521))

    )

     (CONNECT_DATA=(SID=orcl)(SERVER=DEDICATED))

  )


6、主库克隆岛备库

主库创建sys密码文件并传送到备库dbs目录

orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/PWDorcl.ora password=WaterH2o entries=40 force=y

备库创建和主库一致的审计目录
主库:


       cd $ORACLE_BASE

       tar -cvf diag.tar diag/

       scp diag.tar centdgstd:/opt/oracle

备库:

       mv diag $ORACLE_BASE/

       cd $ORACLE_BASE

       tar -xvf diag.tar

mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/flash_recovery_area

       mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/oradata

克隆主库前的TNS服务测试,一定要在主备库均进行测试
tnsping dbprimary
tnsping dbstandby
sqlplus sys/WaterH2o@dbprimary as sysdba
sqlplus sys/WaterH2o@dbstndby as sysdba


主库克隆到备机
rman target sys/WaterH2o@dbprimary auxiliary sys/WaterH2o@dbstandby

duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck;

7、开启备库的日志同步进程
alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

8、查看主备库的角色
select db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status,open_mode from v$database;


 
9、验证物理DG的数据同步

select switchover_status from v$database; --查看有没有gap的归档日志

主库:

select STATUS, GAP_STATUS from V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS where DEST_ID = 2;

主库:

SQL>select STATUS, GAP_STATUS from V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS where DEST_ID = 2;

STATUS         GAP_STATUS

--------- ------------------------

VALID      RESOLVABLE GAP

备库:

SQL> select STATUS, GAP_STATUS from V$ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS where DEST_ID = 2;

STATUS         GAP_STATUS

--------- ------------------------

VALID      NO GAP
 查看主备库角色及状态

select open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;-

主库:

SQL> select open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;


OPEN_MODE            DATABASE_ROLE    DB_UNIQUE_NAME

-------------------- ---------------- ------------------------------

READ WRITE            PRIMARY          orcl


SQL>

备库:

SQL>select open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;


OPEN_MODE            DATABASE_ROLE    DB_UNIQUE_NAME

-------------------- ---------------- ------------------------------

READ ONLY WITH APPLY PHYSICAL STANDBY orcl

SQL>


 查看主备库的序列号

select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;

archive log list;

主库:

SQL> select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log; 

MAX(SEQUENCE#)

--------------

           25

SQL> archive log list

Database log mode        Archive Mode

Automatic archival        Enabled

Archive destination        /opt/arch

Oldest online log sequence     24

Next log sequence to archive   26

Current log sequence            26

SQL>

备库:

SQL> select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;

MAX(SEQUENCE#)

--------------

           25

SQL> archive log list

Database log mode        Archive Mode

Automatic archival        Enabled

Archive destination        /opt/arch

Oldest online log sequence     17

Next log sequence to archive   0

Current log sequence            25

SQL>

10、DG Broker手工管理配置
DG部署前的主库确认开启闪回
select flashback_on from v$database;

 主备库开启dg_broker_start

show parameter dg_broker_start

alter system set dg_broker_start=true;

show parameter dg_broker_start

 主库登录 dgmrl 客户端
dgmgrl sys/WaterH2o@dbprimary

 创建
dgb 控制文件( 注意一定要进行tnsping TNS服务名测试
create configuration my_dgb as primary database is orcl connect identifier is dgb_p;

DGMGRL> create configuration my_dgb as primary database is orcl connect identifier is dbprimary;

Configuration "my_dgb" created with primary database "orcl"


添加备库

DGMGRL> add database orcls as connect identifier is dbstandby maintained as physical;

Database "orcls" added

 
启用配置文件

DGMGRL> enable configuration;

Enabled.

DGMGRL>


 验证配置启动状态

DGMGRL> show configuration

Configuration - my_dgb

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance

  Databases:

    orcl  - Primary database

    orcls - Physical standby database

Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED

Configuration Status:

SUCCESS

DGMGRL>

 
开启主备库
StandbyFileManagement并同步到DGB

SQL>alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO scope=both;

DGMGRL> edit database orcl set property StandbyFileManagement='AUTO';

DGMGRL> edit database orcls set property StandbyFileManagement='AUTO';

DGMGRL> EDIT DATABASE orcl SET PROPERTY LogXptMode='async';

DGMGRL> EDIT DATABASE orcls SET PROPERTY LogXptMode='async';


取消物理DG的两个参数

alter system set fal_server='' scope=both sid='*';

alter system set fal_client='' scope=both sid='*';          

11、物理DG 通过Broker手工切换主备库的角色
主备库切换前的角色检查
主库:

SQL> select database_role,switchover_status,open_mode from v$database;

DATABASE_ROLE    SWITCHOVER_STATUS    OPEN_MODE

---------------- -------------------- --------------------

PRIMARY          TO STANDBY       READ WRITE

备库:

SQL> select database_role,switchover_status,open_mode from v$database;

DATABASE_ROLE    SWITCHOVER_STATUS    OPEN_MODE

---------------- -------------------- --------------------

PHYSICAL STANDBY NOT ALLOWED           MOUNTED


DGMGRIL控制台切换主备库

DGMGRL> show configuration

Configuration - my_dgb

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance

  Databases:

    orcl  - Primary database

    orcls - Physical standby database

Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED

Configuration Status:

SUCCESS

DGMGRL> switchover to orcls

Performing switchover NOW, please wait...

Operation requires a connection to instance "orcl" on database "orcls"

Connecting to instance "orcl"...

Connected.

New primary database "orcls" is opening...

Operation requires startup of instance "orcl" on database "orcl"

Starting instance "orcl"...

ORACLE instance started.

Database mounted.

Database opened.

Switchover succeeded, new primary is "orcls"

DGMGRL>

DGMGRL> show configuration

Configuration - my_dgb

  Protection Mode: MaxPerformance

  Databases:

    orcls - Primary database

    orcl  - Physical standby database

Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED

Configuration Status:

SUCCESS

DGMGRL>


DGMGRIL控制台手工切换主备库的结果检查

新主库:

SQL> select db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status,open_mode from v$database;

DB_UNIQUE_NAME                          DATABASE_ROLE         SWITCHOVER_STATUS    OPEN_MODE

------------------------------ ---------------- -------------------- --------------------

orcls                           PRIMARY              TO STANDBY        READ WRITE

新备库:

SQL> select db_unique_name,database_role,switchover_status,open_mode from v$database;

DB_UNIQUE_NAME                          DATABASE_ROLE         SWITCHOVER_STATUS    OPEN_MODE

------------------------------ ---------------- -------------------- --------------------

orcl                             PHYSICAL STANDBY NOT ALLOWED               MOUNTED


12、启动DG FFS即启动Failvoer Fast Start
启用 FFS 必须满足的条件
 主备库日志同步模式是自动同步

LogXptMode='async'

EDIT DATABASE orcl SET PROPERTY LogXptMode='async';

EDIT DATABASE orcls SET PROPERTY LogXptMode='async';

 主备库均开启闪回,目的是启动快速自动恢复数据库

select name,db_unique_name,flashback_on from v$database;

 处理standby的备库打开闪回

alter database open read only;

alter database flashback on;

12.     启用DGFFS

   启用主备库的FFS

edit database orcl set property FastStartFailoverTarget=orcls; 

edit database orcls set property  FastStartFailoverTarget=orcl;

enable fast_start failover

启用结果





13、DG Broker FFS功能测试
 主库 shutdown abort 故障模拟
 登录主库发起 shutdown abort

 备库告警日志提示备库成功接管主库


observer 提示角色自动切换



 确认角色自动切换结果


 主库恢复后启动



observer日志提示主备角色分配


原主库恢复后的主备库角色查看

原主库端查看

原备库端查看

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转载自blog.csdn.net/www_xue_xi/article/details/79953905