本文给大家总结了16种python正则表达式使用经典实例,非常不错具有参考借鉴价值,感兴趣的朋友一起学习吧!
下面列出Python正则表达式的几种匹配用法,具体内容如下所示:
1.测试正则表达式是否匹配字符串的全部或部分
regex="" #正则表达式
if re.search(regex, subject):
do_something()
else:
do_anotherthing()
实例:
regex='1[3458]\\d{9}' #正则表达式
subject='13000000002'
if re.search(regex, subject):
print 'right'
else:
print 'error'
2.测试正则表达式是否匹配整个字符串
regex="\Z" #正则表达式末尾以\Z结束
if re.match(regex, subject):
do_something()
else:
do_anotherthing()
实例:
'''手机号正则表达式'''
regex='1[3458]\\d{9}\Z' #正则表达式
subject='13000000001'
if re.match(regex, subject):
print 'right'
else:
print 'error'
3.创建一个匹配对象,然后通过该对象获得匹配细节(Create an object with details about how the regex matches (part of) a string)
regex=ur"" #正则表达式
match = re.search(regex, subject)
if match:
do_something()
else:
do_anotherthing()
实例:
regex='1[3458]\\d{9}' #正则表达式
subject='13000000002'
match=re.search(regex, subject)
if match:
print 'right'
else:
print 'error'
4.获取正则表达式所匹配的子串(Get the part of a string matched by the regex)
regex=ur"" #正则表达式
match = re.search(regex, subject)
if match:
result = match.group()
else:
result = ""
实例:regex='1[3458]\\d{9}\Z' #正则表达式
subject='13000000002'
match=re.search(regex, subject)
if match:
result=match.group()
print result
else:
result=''
5. 获取捕获组所匹配的子串(Get the part of a string matched by a capturing group)
regex=ur"" #正则表达式
match = re.search(regex, subject)
if match:
result = match.group(1)
else:
result = ""
实例:
regex='1[3458]\\d{9}\Z' #正则表达式
subject='13000000002'
match=re.search(regex, subject)
if match:
result=match.group(0)
print result
else:
result=''
print 'error'
6. 获取有名组所匹配的子串(Get the part of a string matched by a named group)
regex=ur"" #正则表达式
match = re.search(regex, subject)
if match:
result = match.group("groupname")
else:
result = ""
7. 将字符串中所有匹配的子串放入数组中(Get an array of all regex matches in a string)
result = re.findall(regex, subject)
实例:
regex='1[3458]\\d{9}\Z' #正则表达式
subject='13000000002'
result = re.findall(regex, subject)
print result
8.遍历所有匹配的子串(Iterate over all matches in a string)
for match in re.finditer(r"<(.*?)\s*.*?/\1>", subject)
实例:regex='1[3458]\\d{9}\Z' #正则表达式
subject='13000000002'
for match in re.finditer(regex, subject):
print match.group()
9.通过正则表达式字符串创建一个正则表达式对象(Create an object to use the same regex for many operations)
reobj = re.compile(regex)
实例:import re
#将正则表达式编译成pattern对象
pattern=re.compile('hello')
#使用pattern匹配文本,获得匹配结果,无法匹配时将返回None
match=pattern.match('hello world!')
if match:
print match.group()
else:
print u"无法匹配"
10.用法1的正则表达式对象版本(use regex object for if/else branch whether (part of) a string can be matched)
reobj = re.compile(regex)
if reobj.search(subject):
do_something()
else:
do_anotherthing()
实例:pattern=re.compile('hello')
#使用pattern匹配文本,获得匹配结果,无法匹配时将返回None
if pattern.search('hello world!'):
print 'right'
else:
print u"无法匹配"
11.用法2的正则表达式对象版本(use regex object for if/else branch whether a string can be matched entirely)
reobj = re.compile(r"\Z") #正则表达式末尾以\Z 结束
if reobj.match(subject):
do_something()
else:
do_anotherthing()
12.创建一个正则表达式对象,然后通过该对象获得匹配细节(Create an object with details about how the regex object matches (part of) a string)
reobj = re.compile(regex)
match = reobj.search(subject)
if match:
# match start: match.start()
# match end (exclusive): atch.end()
# matched text: match.group()
do_something()
else:
do_anotherthing()
13.用正则表达式对象获取匹配子串(Use regex object to get the part of a string matched by the regex)
reobj = re.compile(regex)
match = reobj.search(subject)
if match:
result = match.group()
else:
result = ""
14.用正则表达式对象获取捕获组所匹配的子串(Use regex object to get the part of a string matched by a capturing group)
reobj = re.compile(regex)
match = reobj.search(subject)
if match:
result = match.group(1)
else:
result = ""
15.用正则表达式对象获取有名组所匹配的子串(Use regex object to get the part of a string matched by a named group)
reobj = re.compile(regex)
match = reobj.search(subject)
if match:
result = match.group("groupname")
else:
result = ""
16.用正则表达式对象获取所有匹配子串并放入数组(Use regex object to get an array of all regex matches in a string)
reobj = re.compile(regex)
result = reobj.findall(subject)