Linux/Unix shell 参数传递到SQL脚本
2013年03月07日 14:23:08
阅读数：8251
在数据库运维的过程中，Shell 脚本在很大程度上为运维提供了极大的便利性。而shell 脚本参数作为变量传递给SQL以及SQL脚本也是DBA经常碰到的情形之一。本文主要讨论了如何将shell脚本的参数传递到SQL脚本之中并执行SQL查询。
有关shell与SQL之间的变量传递，请参考: Linux/Unix shell sql 之间传递变量
1、启动sqlplus时执行脚本并传递参数
-
robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> more tmp.sh -
#!/bin/bash -
# ---------------------------------------------- -
# Set environment here -
# Author : Robinson Cheng -
# Blog : http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612 -
# ---------------------------------------------- -
if [ -f ~/.bash_profile ]; then -
. ~/.bash_profile -
fi -
if [ -z "${1}" ] || [ -z "${2}" ] || [ -z "${3}" ] ;then -
echo "Usage: " -
echo " `basename $0` <ORACLE_SID> <begin_dat> <end_date>" -
read -p "please input begin ORACLE_SID:" ORACLE_SID -
read -p "please input begin date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh24):" begin_date -
read -p "please input end date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh24):" end_date -
else -
ORACLE_SID=${1} -
begin_date=${2} -
end_date=${3} -
fi -
export ORACLE_SID begin_date end_date -
#Method 1: pass the parameter to script directly after script name -
sqlplus -S gx_adm/gx_adm @/users/robin/dba_scripts/custom/awr/tmp.sql $begin_date $end_date -
exit -
robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> more tmp.sql -
SELECT snap_id, dbid, snap_level -
FROM dba_hist_snapshot -
WHERE TO_CHAR (begin_interval_time, 'yyyymmddhh24') = '&1' -
AND TO_CHAR (end_interval_time, 'yyyymmddhh24') = '&2'; -
exit;
2、在SQL提示符下传递参数
-
robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> more tmp2.sh -
#!/bin/bash -
# ---------------------------------------------- -
# Set environment here -
# Author : Robinson Cheng -
# Blog : http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612 -
# ---------------------------------------------- -
if [ -f ~/.bash_profile ]; then -
. ~/.bash_profile -
fi -
if [ -z "${1}" ] || [ -z "${2}" ] || [ -z "${3}" ] ;then -
echo "Usage: " -
echo " `basename $0` <ORACLE_SID> <begin_dat> <end_date>" -
read -p "please input begin ORACLE_SID:" ORACLE_SID -
read -p "please input begin date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh24):" begin_date -
read -p "please input end date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh24):" end_date -
else -
ORACLE_SID=${1} -
begin_date=${2} -
end_date=${3} -
fi -
export ORACLE_SID begin_date end_date -
#Method 2: pass the parameter in SQL prompt. Using the same method with method 1 -
sqlplus -S " / as sysdba" <<EOF -
@/users/robin/dba_scripts/custom/awr/tmp.sql $begin_date $end_date -
exit; -
EOF -
exit
3、通过定义变量的方式来传递参数
-
robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> more tmp3.sh -
#!/bin/bash -
# ---------------------------------------------- -
# Set environment here -
# Author : Robinson Cheng -
# Blog : http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612 -
# ---------------------------------------------- -
if [ -f ~/.bash_profile ]; then -
. ~/.bash_profile -
fi -
if [ -z "${1}" ] || [ -z "${2}" ] || [ -z "${3}" ] ;then -
echo "Usage: " -
echo " `basename $0` <ORACLE_SID> <begin_dat> <end_date>" -
read -p "please input begin ORACLE_SID:" ORACLE_SID -
read -p "please input begin date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh24):" begin_date -
read -p "please input end date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh24):" end_date -
else -
ORACLE_SID=${1} -
begin_date=${2} -
end_date=${3} -
fi -
export ORACLE_SID begin_date end_date -
#Method 3: pass the parameter to global variable firstly. -
sqlplus -S " / as sysdba" <<EOF -
define begin_date=$begin_date -
define end_date=$end_date -
prompt "variable value for begin_date is: &begin_date" -
prompt "variable value for end_date id : &end_date" -
@/users/robin/dba_scripts/custom/awr/tmp3.sql begin_date end_date -
exit; -
EOF -
exit -
robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> more tmp3.sql -
SELECT snap_id, dbid, snap_level -
FROM dba_hist_snapshot -
WHERE TO_CHAR (begin_interval_time, 'yyyymmddhh24') = '&begin_date' -
AND TO_CHAR (end_interval_time, 'yyyymmddhh24') = '&end_date'; -
exit;
4、测试脚本
-
robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> ./tmp.sh -
Usage: -
tmp.sh <ORACLE_SID> <begin_dat> <end_date> -
please input begin ORACLE_SID:CNMMBO -
please input begin date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh24):2013030709 -
please input end date and time(e.g. yyyymmddhh24):2013030710 -
SNAP_ID DBID SNAP_LEVEL -
---------- ---------- ---------- -
13877 938506715 1 -
robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> ./tmp2.sh MMBOTST 2013030709 2013030710 -
SNAP_ID DBID SNAP_LEVEL -
---------- ---------- ---------- -
36262 3509254984 1 -
robin@SZDB:~/dba_scripts/custom/awr> ./tmp3.sh MMBOTST 2013030710 2013030711 -
"variable value for begin_date is: 2013030710" -
"variable value for end_date id : 2013030711" -
SNAP_ID DBID SNAP_LEVEL -
---------- ---------- ---------- -
36263 3509254984 1
5、小结
a、本文主要描述了将shell的参数传递给SQL脚本
b、方式1的用法是直接将shell变量跟在脚本之后, sqlplus userid/pwd @script_name $para1 $para2
c、方式2是启动sqlplus后在SQL提示符下来传递参数, SQL>@script_name $para1 $para2
d、方式3则是将shell变量的值先传递给define定义的变量，然后再传递给SQL脚本 SQL>@script_name var1 var2
e、注意方式3中SQL脚本的替代变量与define定义的变量名相同