我们通常都会说重写了equal是为了比较两个对象的值是否相同，但是如果所以重写的话，即使是猪和狗两个类别的动物互相调用equal方法都可以做到相同，所以重写equals时一定要注意业务逻辑。并且重写时要遵守如下原则：
1 自反性：对任意引用值X，x.equals(x)的返回值一定为true.
2 对称性：对于任何引用值x,y,当且仅当y.equals(x)返回值为true时，x.equals(y)的返回值一定为true;
3 传递性：如果x.equals(y)=true, y.equals(z)=true,则x.equals(z)=true
4 一致性：如果参与比较的对象没任何改变，则对象比较的结果也不应该有任何改变
5 非空性：任何非空的引用值X，x.equals(null)的返回值一定为false
我们都知道任何类都默认继承于Object类(枚举除外) ，下面看一下Object中的源代码(很简单一行)
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
return (this == obj);
}Object中的equals()方法的返回值与==是统一回事情啊，这并不满足开发时我们的业务需求。所以我们在实际的开中需要根据我们的业务逻辑来指定重写的equals()方法。
Object的hashCode方法以及注释：
/**
* Returns a hash code value for the object. This method is
* supported for the benefit of hash tables such as those provided by
* {@link java.util.HashMap}.
* <p>
* The general contract of {@code hashCode} is:
* <ul>
* <li>Whenever it is invoked on the same object more than once during
* an execution of a Java application, the {@code hashCode} method
* must consistently return the same integer, provided no information
* used in {@code equals} comparisons on the object is modified.
* This integer need not remain consistent from one execution of an
* application to another execution of the same application.
* <li>If two objects are equal according to the {@code equals(Object)}
* method, then calling the {@code hashCode} method on each of
* the two objects must produce the same integer result.
* <li>It is <em>not</em> required that if two objects are unequal
* according to the {@link java.lang.Object#equals(java.lang.Object)}
* method, then calling the {@code hashCode} method on each of the
* two objects must produce distinct integer results. However, the
* programmer should be aware that producing distinct integer results
* for unequal objects may improve the performance of hash tables.
* </ul>
* <p>
* As much as is reasonably practical, the hashCode method defined by
* class {@code Object} does return distinct integers for distinct
* objects. (This is typically implemented by converting the internal
* address of the object into an integer, but this implementation
* technique is not required by the
* Java™ programming language.)
*
* @return a hash code value for this object.
* @see java.lang.Object#equals(java.lang.Object)
* @see java.lang.System#identityHashCode
*/
public native int hashCode();注释翻译过可以理解为：
如果两个对象根据equals()相等方法，然后调用hashCode()方法这两个对象必须产生相同的整数结果。
假设两个对象，重写了其equals方法，其相等条件是属性相等，就返回true。如果不重写hashcode方法，其返回的依然是两个对象的内存地址值，必然不相等。这就出现了equals方法相等，但是hashcode不相等的情况。这不符合hashcode的规则。下边，会介绍在集合框架中，这种情况会导致的严重问题。