argsort(a, axis=-1, kind='quicksort', order=None)
Returns the indices that would sort an array.
Perform an indirect sort along the given axis using the algorithm specified
by the `kind` keyword. It returns an array of indices of the same shape as
`a` that index data along the given axis in sorted order.
Parameters
----------
a : array_like
Array to sort.
axis : int or None, optional
Axis along which to sort. The default is -1 (the last axis). If None,
the flattened array is used.
kind : {'quicksort', 'mergesort', 'heapsort'}, optional
Sorting algorithm.
order : str or list of str, optional
When `a` is an array with fields defined, this argument specifies
which fields to compare first, second, etc. A single field can
be specified as a string, and not all fields need be specified,
but unspecified fields will still be used, in the order in which
they come up in the dtype, to break ties.
Returns
-------
返回的是由原来数组中元素的索引index组成的数组
index_array : ndarray, int
Array of indices that sort `a` along the specified axis.
If `a` is one-dimensional, ``a[index_array]`` yields a sorted `a`.
See Also
--------
sort : Describes sorting algorithms used.
lexsort : Indirect stable sort with multiple keys.
ndarray.sort : Inplace sort.
argpartition : Indirect partial sort.
Notes
-----
See `sort` for notes on the different sorting algorithms.
As of NumPy 1.4.0 `argsort` works with real/complex arrays containing
nan values. The enhanced sort order is documented in `sort`.
Examples
--------
One dimensional array:
>>> x = np.array([3, 1, 2])
>>> np.argsort(x)
array([1, 2, 0])
Two-dimensional array:
>>> x = np.array([[0, 3], [2, 2]])
>>> x
array([[0, 3],
[2, 2]])
>>> np.argsort(x, axis=0) # sorts along first axis (down)
array([[0, 1],
[1, 0]])
>>> np.argsort(x, axis=1) # sorts along last axis (across)
array([[0, 1],
[0, 1]])
Indices of the sorted elements of a N-dimensional array:
>>> ind = np.unravel_index(np.argsort(x, axis=None), x.shape)
>>> ind
(array([0, 1, 1, 0]), array([0, 0, 1, 1]))
>>> x[ind] # same as np.sort(x, axis=None)
array([0, 2, 2, 3])
Sorting with keys:
>>> x = np.array([(1, 0), (0, 1)], dtype=[('x', '<i4'), ('y', '<i4')])
>>> x
array([(1, 0), (0, 1)],
dtype=[('x', '<i4'), ('y', '<i4')])
>>> np.argsort(x, order=('x','y'))
array([1, 0])
>>> np.argsort(x, order=('y','x'))
array([0, 1])
同样的，list类型无法调用argsort函数
>>> a=[3,1,2]
>>> a.argsort()
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#33>", line 1, in <module>
a.argsort()
AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'argsort'
>>> a=array([3,1,2])
>>> a.argsort()
array([1, 2, 0], dtype=int64)