mysql的主从复制备份

1、安装需求：

操作系统：centos6
两台虚拟机：
bfd01     192.168.55.100  (主)
bfd02     192.168.55.101  (从)
mysql：mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64

2、master端配置修改及操作

2.1、修改主服务master:

#[必须]服务器唯一ID，默认是1，一般取IP最后一段
server-id=100

#[必须]启用二进制日志
log-bin=master-bin
log-bin-index=master-bin.index

2.2、重启master端mysql服务

service mysql.server restart

2.3、在主服务器上建立帐户并授权slave:

mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'wyl'@'%' identified by '1234'; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

2.4、登录主服务器的mysql，查询master的状态

mysql> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| master-bin.000002 |      550 |              |                  |                   |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

3、slave端的配置及操作

3.1、修改从服务器slave:

#[必须]服务器唯一ID，默认是1，一般取IP最后一段
server-id=101

relay-log-index=slave-relay-bin.index
relay-log=slave-relay-bin

3.2、重启slaver端mysql服务

service mysql.server restart

3.3、配置从服务器Slave：

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.55.100',master_port=3306,master_user='wyl',master_password='1234', master_log_file='master-bin.000002',master_log_pos=550;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.56 sec)

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)

3.4、检查从服务复制功能状态：

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.55.100    # 主服务器地址
                  Master_User: wyl        #授权帐户名，尽量避免使用root
                  Master_Port: 3306       #数据库端口
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: master-bin.000002
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 984
               Relay_Log_File: slave-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 755
        Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000002
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes    # 此状态必须YES
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes    # 此状态必须YES
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 984
              Relay_Log_Space: 962
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 100
                  Master_UUID: 74be77c8-6bed-11e8-ad95-000c29fb2f54
             Master_Info_File: /usr/local/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/data/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

当我们看到 Slave_IO_Running: Yes；Slave_SQL_Running: Yes 两个yes的时候，就说明我们的mysql主从复制已经配置成功了，下面我们进行验证。

4、验证mysql的主从复制

这里写图片描述

5、安装过程中的注意事项

5.1、当没有出现两个yes的状态，其中一个为Slave_IO_Running: Connecting状态时。谷歌到一般出现该问题的可能性有以下几个原因

1.网络不通
2.密码不对
3.pos不正确
4.ID问题