本文涉及到的主要依赖:
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId> <version>4.5.1</version> </dependency>
针对4.5版本的Httpclient采用连接池的方式管理连接
package com.wx4jdemo.controller.utils; import org.apache.http.config.Registry; import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder; import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.NoopHostnameVerifier; import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustStrategy; import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient; import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients; import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager; import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContextBuilder; import java.security.KeyManagementException; import java.security.KeyStoreException; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; import java.security.cert.CertificateException; import java.security.cert.X509Certificate; /** * Https忽略证书 */ public class SSLClientCustom { private static final String HTTP = "http"; private static final String HTTPS = "https"; private static SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslConnectionSocketFactory = null; private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager poolingHttpClientConnectionManager = null;//连接池管理类 private static SSLContextBuilder sslContextBuilder = null;//管理Https连接的上下文类 static { try { sslContextBuilder = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() { @Override public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws CertificateException { // 信任所有站点 直接返回true return true; } }); sslConnectionSocketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContextBuilder.build(), new String[]{"SSLv2Hello", "SSLv3", "TLSv1", "TLSv1.2"}, null, NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE); Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> registryBuilder = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create() .register(HTTP, new PlainConnectionSocketFactory()) .register(HTTPS, sslConnectionSocketFactory) .build(); poolingHttpClientConnectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(registryBuilder); poolingHttpClientConnectionManager.setMaxTotal(200); } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (KeyStoreException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (KeyManagementException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 获取连接 * * @return * @throws Exception */ public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClinet() throws Exception { CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslConnectionSocketFactory) .setConnectionManager(poolingHttpClientConnectionManager) .setConnectionManagerShared(true) .build(); return httpClient; } }
Registry类注册Http/Https连接,并且当是https连接时跳过证书验证,默认信任所有的站点.
接下来就是发起请求的工具类代码编写
package com.wx4jdemo.controller.utils; import org.apache.commons.collections.MapUtils; import org.apache.http.*; import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig; import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity; import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient; import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair; import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.util.StringUtils; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; /** * Http/Https请求的工具类 */ public class HttpClientUtils { private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpClientUtils.class); /** * 发送post请求 * * @param url:请求地址 * @param header:请求头参数 * @param params:表单参数 form提交 * @param httpEntity json/xml参数 * @return */ public static String doPostRequest(String url, Map<String, String> header, Map<String, String> params, HttpEntity httpEntity) { String resultStr = ""; if (StringUtils.isEmpty(url)) { return resultStr; } CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null; CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null; try { httpClient = SSLClientCustom.getHttpClinet(); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); //请求头header信息 if (MapUtils.isNotEmpty(header)) { for (Map.Entry<String, String> stringStringEntry : header.entrySet()) { httpPost.setHeader(stringStringEntry.getKey(), stringStringEntry.getValue()); } } //请求参数信息 if (MapUtils.isNotEmpty(params)) { List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList<>(); for (Map.Entry<String, String> stringStringEntry : params.entrySet()) { paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(stringStringEntry.getKey(), stringStringEntry.getValue())); } UrlEncodedFormEntity urlEncodedFormEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList, Consts.UTF_8); httpPost.setEntity(urlEncodedFormEntity); } //实体设置 if (httpEntity != null) { httpPost.setEntity(httpEntity); } //发起请求 httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost); int statusCode = httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if (statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { HttpEntity httpResponseEntity = httpResponse.getEntity(); resultStr = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponseEntity); logger.info("请求正常,请求地址:{},响应结果:{}", url, resultStr); } else { StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer(); HeaderIterator headerIterator = httpResponse.headerIterator(); while (headerIterator.hasNext()) { stringBuffer.append("\t" + headerIterator.next()); } logger.info("异常信息:请求地址:{},响应状态:{},请求返回结果:{}", url, httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(), stringBuffer); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { HttpClientUtils.closeConnection(httpClient, httpResponse); } return resultStr; }
public static String doGetRequest(String url, Map<String, String> header, Map<String, String> params) { String resultStr = ""; if (StringUtils.isEmpty(url)) { return resultStr; } CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null; CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null; try { httpClient = SSLClientCustom.getHttpClinet(); //请求参数信息 if (MapUtils.isNotEmpty(params)) { url = url + buildUrl(params); } HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url); RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(5000)//连接超时 .setConnectionRequestTimeout(5000)//请求超时 .setSocketTimeout(5000)//套接字连接超时 .setRedirectsEnabled(true).build();//允许重定向 httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig); if (MapUtils.isNotEmpty(header)) { for (Map.Entry<String, String> stringStringEntry : header.entrySet()) { httpGet.setHeader(stringStringEntry.getKey(), stringStringEntry.getValue()); } } //发起请求 httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet); int statusCode = httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if (statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { resultStr = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity(), Consts.UTF_8); logger.info("请求地址:{},响应结果:{}", url, resultStr); } else { StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer(); HeaderIterator headerIterator = httpResponse.headerIterator(); while (headerIterator.hasNext()) { stringBuffer.append("\t" + headerIterator.next()); } logger.info("异常信息:请求响应状态:{},请求返回结果:{}", httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(), stringBuffer); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { HttpClientUtils.closeConnection(httpClient, httpResponse); } return resultStr; } /** * 关掉连接释放资源 */ private static void closeConnection(CloseableHttpClient httpClient, CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse) { if (httpClient != null) { try { httpClient.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if (httpResponse != null) { try { httpResponse.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
/** * 构造get请求的参数 * * @return */ private static String buildUrl(Map<String, String> map) { if (MapUtils.isEmpty(map)) { return ""; } StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer("?"); for (Map.Entry<String, String> stringStringEntry : map.entrySet()) { stringBuffer.append(stringStringEntry.getKey()).append("=").append(stringStringEntry.getValue()).append("&"); } String result = stringBuffer.toString(); if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(result)) { result = result.substring(0, result.length() - 1);//去掉结尾的&连接符 } return result; } }
写个main函数测试
public static void main(String[] args) {
String httpsUrl = "https://github.com/";
HttpClientUtils.doGetRequest(httpsUrl, null, null);
String hpptsPostUrl = "https://www.cnblogs.com/Mr-Rocker/p/6229652.html";
HttpClientUtils.doPostRequest(hpptsPostUrl, null, null, null);
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("ie", "utf-8");
params.put("wd", "java");
params.put("tn", "92032424_hao_pg");
Map<String, String> header = new HashMap<>();
header.put("User-Agent:", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.132 Safari/537.36");
HttpClientUtils.doGetRequest("https://www.baidu.com/s", header, params);
}本文章在参考网上案例的基础上编写,仅作个人学习如有侵权请联系删除,谢谢.
--结尾语
有志者、事竟成，破釜沉舟，百二秦关终属楚；
苦心人、天不负，卧薪尝胆，三千越甲可吞吴。