centos 安装keepalived-1.3.5并配置nginx

Keepalived是一个免费开源的，用C编写的类似于layer3, 4 & 7交换机制软件，具备我们平时说的第3层、第4层和第7层交换机的功能。主要提供loadbalancing（负载均衡）和high-availability（高可用）功能，负载均衡实现需要依赖Linux的虚拟服务内核模块（ipvs），而高可用是通过VRRP协议实现多台机器之间的故障转移服务。

官网源码包下载地址（2017-07-31 Keepalived最新版keepalived-1.3.5.tar.gz）：http://www.keepalived.org/download.html

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ local]# tar -zxvf /tmp/keepalived-1.3.5.tar.gz

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ local]# cd keepalived-1.3.5/

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

1. 系统出现警告信息“*** WARNING - this build will not support IPVS with IPv6. Please install libnl/libnl-3 dev libraries to support IPv6 with IPVS.”，具体日志如下：

Keepalived configuration

------------------------

Keepalived version : 1.3.5

Compiler : gcc

Preprocessor flags :

Compiler flags : -Wall -Wunused -Wstrict-prototypes -Wextra -g -O2

Linker flags :

Extra Lib : -lcrypto -lssl

Use IPVS Framework : Yes

IPVS use libnl : No

IPVS syncd attributes : No

IPVS 64 bit stats : No

fwmark socket support : Yes

Use VRRP Framework : Yes

Use VRRP VMAC : Yes

Use VRRP authentication : Yes

With ip rules/routes : Yes

SNMP vrrp support : No

SNMP checker support : No

SNMP RFCv2 support : No

SNMP RFCv3 support : No

DBUS support : No

SHA1 support : No

Use Debug flags : No

Stacktrace support : No

Memory alloc check : No

libnl version : None

Use IPv4 devconf : No

Use libiptc : No

Use libipset : No

init type : upstart

Build genhash : Yes

Build documentation : No

*** WARNING - this build will not support IPVS with IPv6. Please install libnl/libnl-3 dev libraries to support IPv6 with IPVS.

解决方案一：（在线安装）

执行yum命令yum -y install libnl libnl-devel解决上述警告问题

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# yum -y install libnl libnl-devel

解决方案二：（离线安装）

离线安装libnl-devel包，从网上下载libnl-devel-1.1.4-2.el6.x86_64.rpm包，执行rpm -ivh libnl-devel-1.1.4-2.el6.x86_64.rpm命令。

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ other-packages]# wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/libnl-devel-1.1.4-2.el6.x86_64.rpm

####执行wget命令是从另外一台可以连接外网的服务器上下载libnl-devel-1.1.4-2.el6.x86_64.rpm包的命令，可以忽略，只是为大家提供个下载libnl-devel地址####

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ other-packages]# rpm -ivh libnl-devel-1.1.4-2.el6.x86_64.rpm

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

package libnl-devel-1.1.4-2.el6.x86_64 is already installed

安装完成以后，重新执行configure命令

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

2. 系统出现错误信息“configure: error: libnfnetlink headers missing”，具体日志如下：

checking for nl_socket_modify_cb in -lnl... yes

checking for linux/rtnetlink.h... yes

checking libnfnetlink/libnfnetlink.h usability... no

checking libnfnetlink/libnfnetlink.h presence... no

checking for libnfnetlink/libnfnetlink.h... no

configure: error: libnfnetlink headers missing

解决方案一：（在线安装）

执行yum命令yum install -y libnfnetlink-devel解决上述错误问题

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# yum install -y libnfnetlink-devel

解决方案二：（离线安装）

Linux执行wget下载rpm包（离线安装libnfnetlink包时所需rpm包，执行wget下载libnfnetlink rpm包命令，此步可以忽略，只是为大家提供个下载libnfnetlink地址），具体命令如下：

wget ftp://mirror.switch.ch/mirror/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/libnfnetlink-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

wget ftp://mirror.switch.ch/mirror/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/libnfnetlink-devel-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

执行rpm -ivh libnfnetlink-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm命令安装libnfnetlink-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm包，具体如下：

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ other-packages]# rpm -ivh libnfnetlink-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:libnfnetlink ########################################### [100%]

执行rpm -ivh libnfnetlink-devel-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm命令安装libnfnetlink-devel-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm包，具体如下：

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ other-packages]# rpm -ivh libnfnetlink-devel-1.0.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:libnfnetlink-devel ########################################### [100%]

安装完成以后，重新执行configure命令

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

3. 编译keepalived不会出现上述警告和其他错误，执行make && make install命令进行安装：

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# make && make install

至此Keepalived编译并安装结束，在下一篇文章中会详解介绍Nginx搭配Keepalived的详细配置和使用方法，欢迎大家收藏本站素文宅博客。

启动命令：

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# ./sbin/keepalived -f /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived.conf

制作快捷启动，在源文件的目录./keepalived-1.3.5/keepalived/etc/init.d下有两个个快捷启动文件和生成/usr/local/keepalived目录下一个配置文件需要复制，具体执行如下命令：

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# cp ./keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# mkdir /etc/keepalived

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

[root@iZ256w2hluuZ keepalived-1.3.5]# cp ./keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/keepalived

[root@yoodb /]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

这样就可以执行service keepalived [start | stop | reload | restart ]命令。

启动keepalived服务报错

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1. # service keepalived start

错误如下

Job for keepalived.service failed because a configured resource limit was exceeded. See "systemctl status keepalived.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

Job for keepalived.service failed because a configured resource limit was exceeded. See "systemctl status keepalived.service" and "journalctl -xe" for

details.

查看错误

1. # systemctl status keepalived.service

我们可以看到日志，是写日志出了问题

1. [root@zk-02 sbin]# systemctl status keepalived.service

2. ● keepalived.service - LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor

3. Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)

4. Active: failed (Result: resources) since Fri 2017-08-04 15:32:31 CST; 4min 59s ago

5. Process: 16764 ExecStart=/usr/local/program/keepalived/sbin/keepalived $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

7. Aug 04 15:32:25 zk-02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16768]: Activating healthchecker for service [10.10.10.2]:1358

8. Aug 04 15:32:25 zk-02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16768]: Activating healthchecker for service [10.10.10.3]:1358

9. Aug 04 15:32:25 zk-02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[16768]: Activating healthchecker for service [10.10.10.3]:1358

10.Aug 04 15:32:25 zk-02 Keepalived_vrrp[16769]: (VI_1): No VIP specified; at least one is required

11.Aug 04 15:32:26 zk-02 Keepalived[16766]: Keepalived_vrrp exited with permanent error CONFIG. Terminating

12.Aug 04 15:32:26 zk-02 Keepalived[16766]: Stopping

13.Aug 04 15:32:31 zk-02 systemd[1]: keepalived.service never wrote its PID file. Failing. ##写日志出了问题

14.Aug 04 15:32:31 zk-02 systemd[1]: Failed to start LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor.

15.Aug 04 15:32:31 zk-02 systemd[1]: Unit keepalived.service entered failed state.

16.Aug 04 15:32:31 zk-02 systemd[1]: keepalived.service failed.

17.[root@zk-02 sbin]# vi /var/run/keepalived.pid

18.[root@zk-02 sbin]# vim /lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service

19.[root@zk-02 sbin]# vim /lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service

查看keepalived.service

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1. # vi /lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service

内容如下

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1. [Unit]

2. Description=LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor

3. After=syslog.target network-online.target

5. [Service]

6. Type=forking

7. PIDFile=/usr/local/program/keepalived/var/run/keepalived.pid ##发现这个目录不存在，无法写入keepalived.pid

8. KillMode=process

9. EnvironmentFile=-/usr/local/program/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived

10.ExecStart=/usr/local/program/keepalived/sbin/keepalived $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS

11.ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID

12.

13.[Install]

14.WantedBy=multi-user.target

问题见

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1. PIDFile=/usr/local/program/keepalived/var/run/keepalived.pid ##发现这个目录不存在，无法写入keepalived.pid

修改成

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1. PIDFile=/var/run/keepalived.pid

运行命令

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1. # systemctl daemon-reload #重新载入 systemd，扫描新的或有变动的单元

在运行就Ok了

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1. service keepalived start

2. Starting keepalived (via systemctl): [ OK ]

centos 安装keepalived-1.3.5并配置nginx

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