Docker镜像制作
方式一：手动运行一个容器，做好所有配置，然后把容器提交成一个镜像
方式二：使用DockerFile
示例1：做一个yum安装的nginx镜像
- 运行并进入一个centos容器：docker run -it --rm 49f7960eb7e4 bash - yum install wget -y - wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo # 替换为阿里的yum源 - yum install https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm # 安装epel源 - yum install vim pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel iproute net-tools iotop -y # 安装基础命令 - yum install nginx -y # yum安装nginx - 更改/etc/nginx/nginx.conf，关闭nginx的后台运行，即增加 daemon off; - 自定义主页 [root@cee964f73ce4 ~]# cat /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html <h1> Yum Nginx 2018-07-09 21:00:00 </h1> [root@cee964f73ce4 ~]# - 把当前容器提交为一个镜像，指定名称和版本号 [email protected][20:49:02]$ docker commit -m "nginx-v1" cee964f73ce4 nginx-yum:v1 sha256:84d367dcb28f03a09354051ee6cfe06107068f6890c0e20ded2bf60a87acb9b0 [email protected][20:50:22]$ [email protected][20:50:34]$ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE nginx-yum v1 84d367dcb28f 15 seconds ago 531MB nginx latest 3c5a05123222 2 days ago 109MB ubuntu latest 113a43faa138 4 weeks ago 81.2MB centos latest 49f7960eb7e4 4 weeks ago 200MB centos 7.2.1511 0a2bad7da9b5 8 months ago 195MB [email protected][20:50:37]$ - 使用做好的nginx镜像启动nginx [email protected][20:59:12]$ docker run -it --rm -d -p 8080:80 nginx-yum:v1 nginx c1997e0460ebc155333efd3a616d467f2cc8475200234c773b37daf0c1cf7a68 [email protected][20:59:28]$ [email protected][20:59:29]$ [email protected][20:59:29]$ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES c1997e0460eb nginx-yum:v1 "nginx" 3 seconds ago Up 2 seconds 0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp naughty_bose cee964f73ce4 49f7960eb7e4 "bash" 19 minutes ago Up 19 minutes tender_darwin [email protected][20:59:31]$ [email protected][20:59:37]$ ss -tnl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::* [email protected][20:59:39]$ 注意：如果使用相同的版本号提交镜像会把之前提交的覆盖掉！
示例2：编写DockerFile构建yum安装的nginx镜像
[email protected][21:26:59]$ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE nginx-yum v2 f66b6be1bed7 22 minutes ago 531MB nginx-yum v1 84d367dcb28f 36 minutes ago 531MB nginx latest 3c5a05123222 2 days ago 109MB ubuntu latest 113a43faa138 4 weeks ago 81.2MB centos latest 49f7960eb7e4 4 weeks ago 200MB centos 7.2.1511 0a2bad7da9b5 8 months ago 195MB [email protected][21:27:03]$ [email protected][21:23:19]$ pwd /opt/dockerfile/system/centos/nginx [email protected][21:21:10]$ wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo --2018-07-09 21:21:12-- http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 121.18.239.215, 121.18.239.213, 121.18.239.211, ... Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|121.18.239.215|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 2523 (2.5K) [application/octet-stream] Saving to: ‘Centos-7.repo’ 100%[==========================================================================================================>] 2,523 --.-K/s in 0s 2018-07-09 21:21:12 (194 MB/s) - ‘Centos-7.repo’ saved [2523/2523] [email protected][21:21:12]$ ll total 4 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2523 Jun 16 06:22 Centos-7.repo [email protected][21:21:13]$ [email protected][21:22:55]$ vim Dockerfile [email protected][21:23:18]$ [email protected][21:35:47]$ cat Dockerfile # Nginx dockerfile 2018-07-09 FROM centos MAINTAINER standby 71standby@gamil RUN rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/* ADD Centos-7.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo RUN yum install https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm -y RUN yum install vim pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel iproute net-tools iotop -y RUN yum install nginx -y [email protected][21:36:20]$ [email protected][21:35:11]$ docker build -t dockerfile-yum-nginx:v2 . Sending build context to Docker daemon 6.656kB Step 1/7 : FROM centos ---> 49f7960eb7e4 Step 2/7 : MAINTAINER standby 71standby@gamil ---> Using cache ---> 9470da6f3f63 Step 3/7 : RUN rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/* ---> Using cache ---> d284b3695812 Step 4/7 : ADD Centos-7.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo ---> Using cache ---> c748ad3e145d Step 5/7 : RUN yum install https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm -y ---> Using cache ---> 8c91b0da526d Step 6/7 : RUN yum install vim pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel iproute net-tools iotop -y ---> Using cache ---> 7cebf51fd7b9 Step 7/7 : RUN yum install nginx -y ---> Running in 95087cf396ad Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package nginx.x86_64 1:1.12.2-2.el7 will be installed ... Complete! Removing intermediate container 95087cf396ad ---> 6d54c875204b Successfully built 6d54c875204b Successfully tagged dockerfile-yum-nginx:v2 [email protected][21:35:32]$ [email protected][21:36:20]$ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE dockerfile-yum-nginx v2 6d54c875204b About a minute ago 561MB dockerfile-yum-nginx v1 7cebf51fd7b9 10 minutes ago 432MB nginx-yum v2 f66b6be1bed7 32 minutes ago 531MB nginx-yum v1 84d367dcb28f About an hour ago 531MB nginx latest 3c5a05123222 2 days ago 109MB ubuntu latest 113a43faa138 4 weeks ago 81.2MB centos latest 49f7960eb7e4 4 weeks ago 200MB centos 7.2.1511 0a2bad7da9b5 8 months ago 195MB [email protected][21:37:03]$
示例3：编写DockerFile构建编译安装nginx的镜像
[email protected][00:35:03]$ pwd /opt/dockerfile/system/centos/nginx [email protected][00:35:05]$ ll total 980 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 24 Jul 10 00:01 app -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2523 Jun 16 06:22 Centos-7.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 855 Jul 10 00:13 Dockerfile -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 664 May 11 11:35 epel-7.repo -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 56 Jul 10 00:01 index.html -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 981687 Oct 17 2017 nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1026 Jul 10 00:21 nginx.conf [email protected][00:35:07]$ cat index.html <h1>This is index page of nginx running in docker.</h1> [email protected][00:35:10]$ cat app/index.html app index page [email protected][00:35:12]$ cat nginx.conf user nginx nginx; worker_processes auto; pid logs/nginx.pid; daemon off; events { worker_connections 102400; use epoll; } http { log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log logs/access.log main; error_log logs/error.log; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; server { listen 80 default_server; server_name _; root /usr/local/nginx/html; include conf.d/*.conf; location / { } error_page 404 /404.html; location = /40x.html { } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { } } } [email protected][00:35:16]$ cat Dockerfile # Nginx dockerfile 2018-07-09 FROM centos MAINTAINER standby 71standby@gamil RUN rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/* ADD Centos-7.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo ADD epel-7.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo ADD nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz /usr/local/src/ # RUN yum install https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm -y RUN yum install vim wget tree lrzsz gcc gcc-c++ automake pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel iproute net-tools iotop -y RUN useradd nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M RUN cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.12.2 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_sub_module && make && make install ADD nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/ # RUN ln -sv /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/nginx ADD index.html /usr/local/nginx/html/ ADD app/* /usr/local/nginx/html/app/ EXPOSE 80 443 CMD ["/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"] [email protected][00:35:22]$ [email protected][00:21:03]$ docker build -t dockerfile-nginx-make:20180710002000 . Sending build context to Docker daemon 994.3kB Step 1/14 : FROM centos ---> 49f7960eb7e4 Step 2/14 : MAINTAINER standby 71standby@gamil ---> Using cache ---> 9470da6f3f63 Step 3/14 : RUN rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/* ---> Using cache ---> d284b3695812 Step 4/14 : ADD Centos-7.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo ---> Using cache ---> c748ad3e145d Step 5/14 : ADD epel-7.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo ---> Using cache ---> 7b35b27c806a Step 6/14 : ADD nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz /usr/local/src/ ---> Using cache ---> 4729a577fad3 Step 7/14 : RUN yum install vim wget tree lrzsz gcc gcc-c++ automake pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel iproute net-tools iotop -y ---> Using cache ---> abfd8019dff7 Step 8/14 : RUN useradd nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M ---> Using cache ---> b29432e170eb Step 9/14 : RUN cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.12.2 && ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_sub_module && make && make install ---> Using cache ---> 076ea8c60bae Step 10/14 : ADD nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/ ---> 52b98678a1be Step 11/14 : ADD index.html /usr/local/nginx/html/ ---> 2228a36de4c0 Step 12/14 : ADD app/* /usr/local/nginx/html/app/ ---> d09b507721dd Step 13/14 : EXPOSE 80 443 ---> Running in aa3a30431bb4 Removing intermediate container aa3a30431bb4 ---> c06e9e266fce Step 14/14 : CMD ["/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"] ---> Running in ab2eef1158d0 Removing intermediate container ab2eef1158d0 ---> eb3c0e74d31b Successfully built eb3c0e74d31b Successfully tagged dockerfile-nginx-make:20180710002000 [email protected][00:21:13]$ [email protected][00:21:14]$ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE dockerfile-nginx-make 20180710002000 eb3c0e74d31b 5 seconds ago 508MB dockerfile-nginx-make 20180710001500 d3dd300ab743 6 minutes ago 508MB dockerfile-nginx-make 20180710001200 0e82c28b3e37 9 minutes ago 508MB dockerfile-nginx-make 20180710001000 cfec9eec093c 11 minutes ago 508MB dockerfile-nginx-make 20180710000500 bdf7f5e65a2d 15 minutes ago 508MB dockerfile-nginx-make v2 2f72d76314a3 33 minutes ago 508MB dockerfile-nginx-make v1 d01823870cac 2 hours ago 507MB dockerfile-yum-ngin v2 6d54c875204b 3 hours ago 561MB dockerfile-yum-ngin v1 7cebf51fd7b9 3 hours ago 432MB nginx-yum v2 f66b6be1bed7 3 hours ago 531MB nginx-yum v1 84d367dcb28f 4 hours ago 531MB nginx latest 3c5a05123222 3 days ago 109MB ubuntu latest 113a43faa138 4 weeks ago 81.2MB centos latest 49f7960eb7e4 4 weeks ago 200MB centos 7.2.1511 0a2bad7da9b5 8 months ago 195MB [email protected][00:21:18]$ [email protected][00:23:41]$ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES c742b2ed9faf dockerfile-nginx-make:20180710002000 "/usr/local/nginx/sb…" 50 seconds ago Up 49 seconds 443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp naughty_spence [email protected][00:23:52]$ [email protected][00:24:00]$ ss -tnl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::* [email protected][00:24:03]$
验证结果
进入运行着的容器查看
[email protected][00:47:01]$ docker exec -it c742b2ed9faf bash [root@c742b2ed9faf /]# [root@c742b2ed9faf /]# ps -ef |grep nginx root 1 0 0 16:23 pts/0 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx nginx 5 1 0 16:23 pts/0 00:00:00 nginx: worker process nginx 6 1 0 16:23 pts/0 00:00:00 nginx: worker process root 23 7 0 16:47 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx [root@c742b2ed9faf /]# cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf user nginx nginx; worker_processes auto; pid logs/nginx.pid; daemon off; events { worker_connections 102400; use epoll; } http { log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log logs/access.log main; error_log logs/error.log; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; server { listen 80 default_server; server_name _; root /usr/local/nginx/html; include conf.d/*.conf; location / { } error_page 404 /404.html; location = /40x.html { } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { } } } [root@c742b2ed9faf /]# [root@c742b2ed9faf /]# [root@c742b2ed9faf /]# ll /usr/local/nginx/html/ total 8 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 537 Jul 9 15:48 50x.html drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 24 Jul 9 16:21 app -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 56 Jul 9 16:01 index.html [root@c742b2ed9faf /]# cat /usr/local/nginx/html/index.html <h1>This is index page of nginx running in docker.</h1> [root@c742b2ed9faf /]# [root@c742b2ed9faf /]# cat /usr/local/nginx/html/app/index.html app index page [root@c742b2ed9faf /]#
本地访问
