[root@HE3 ~]#groupadd mariadb -g 513
[root@HE3 ~]#useradd -u 513 -g mariadb -s /sbin/nologin -d /home/mariadb mariadb
从MariaDB官网下载二进制安装包至/root目录，本文采用的是目前最新稳定版mariadb-10.1.16
[root@HE3 ~]# tar xvf mariadb-10.1.16-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@HE3 ~]# mv /root/mariadb-10.1.16-linux-x86_64 /usr/local/mariadb
[root@HE3 ~]#mkdir -p /data/mariadb
[root@HE3 ~]#chown -R mariadb. /data/mariadb
[root@HE3 ~]#mkdir -p /log/mariadb
[root@HE3 ~]#chown -R mariadb. /log/mariadb
[root@HE3 ~]#vi /usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3307
socket = /tmp/mariadb.sock
default-character-set = utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8
[mysqld]
port = 3307
socket = /tmp/mariadb.sock
basedir = /usr/local/mariadb
datadir = /data/mariadb
open_files_limit = 3072
back_log = 103
max_connections = 800
max_connect_errors = 100000
table_open_cache = 512
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 51
query_cache_size = 32M
tmp_table_size = 96M
max_heap_table_size = 96M
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /log/mariadb/slow.log
log-error = /log/mariadb/error.log
long_query_time = 1
server-id = 2503307
log-bin = /log/mariadb/mysql-bin
sync_binlog = 1
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_cache_size = 8M
max_binlog_size = 1024M
expire_logs_days = 60
key_buffer_size = 32M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
character-set-server = utf8
default-storage-engine = InnoDB
binlog_format = row
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1
#binlog_rows_query_log_events = 1
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M
#innodb_data_home_dir =
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1024M:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 512M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog = 0
wait_timeout = 14400
interactive_timeout = 14400
skip-name-resolve
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M
初始化数据库
[root@HE3 ~]#/usr/local/mariadb/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mariadb --datadir=/data/mariadb --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --user=mariadb
拷贝启停模板至/etc/init.d/下
[root@HE3 ~]#cp -rp /usr/local/mariadb/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mariadb
第311行添加唯一参数路径，本文为--defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf
311 $bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" "$@" >/dev/null 2>&1 &
[root@HE3 ~]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root 28996 2226 0 16:50 pts/2 00:00:00 grep mysql
[root@HE3 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@HE3 ~]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root 29008 1 0 16:51 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/HE3.pid
mysql 29754 29008 13 16:51 pts/2 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/log/mysql/error.log --open-files-limit=3072 --pid-file=/data/mysql/HE3.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root 29778 2226 0 16:51 pts/2 00:00:00 grep mysql
[root@HE3 ~]# /etc/init.d/mariadb start
Starting MySQL SUCCESS!
[root@HE3 ~]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root 29008 1 0 16:51 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/HE3.pid
mysql 29754 29008 0 16:51 pts/2 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/log/mysql/error.log --open-files-limit=3072 --pid-file=/data/mysql/HE3.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root 29802 1 0 16:52 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mariadb --pid-file=/data/mariadb/HE3.pid
mariadb 30041 29802 7 16:52 pts/2 00:00:00 /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mariadb --datadir=/data/mariadb --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mariadb/lib/plugin --user=mariadb --log-error=/log/mariadb/error.log --open-files-limit=3072 --pid-file=/data/mariadb/HE3.pid --socket=/tmp/mariadb.sock --port=3307
root 30070 2226 0 16:52 pts/2 00:00:00 grep mysql
[root@HE3 ~]# /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysql -uroot -p -P3307
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 5.6.25-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> select version();
+-----------------+
| version() |
+-----------------+
| 10.1.16-MariaDB |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
也可以手动启停
启动命令
[root@HE3 ~]# /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/mariadb.cnf --ledir=/usr/local/mariadb/bin --datadir=/data/mariadb &
停止命令
[root@HE3 ~]# /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf -hlocalhost -P3307 shutdown