有时候我们需要在spider启动或者结束的时候执行一些特定的操作，比如说记录日志之类的，在scrapy中我们可以使用signals来实现。
主要实现代码如下：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from scrapy import signals
from scrapy.xlib.pydispatch import dispatcher
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from items import IpProxyPoolItem
from model.spider_running_log import SpiderCrawlLog
from model import loadSession
from datetime import datetime
class ProxySpiderSpider(CrawlSpider):
name = 'MagicSpider'
def __init__(self,rule):
#spider启动信号和spider_opened函数绑定
dispatcher.connect(self.spider_opened, signals.spider_opened)
#spider关闭信号和spider_spider_closed函数绑定
dispatcher.connect(self.spider_closed, signals.spider_closed)
self.rule = rule
self.name = rule.name
self.allowed_domains = rule.allowed_domains.split(',')
self.start_urls = rule.start_urls.split(',')
rule_list = []
# 添加`下一页`的规则
if len(rule.next_page):
rule_list.append(Rule(LinkExtractor(restrict_xpaths=rule.next_page), follow=True))
rule_list.append(Rule(LinkExtractor(
allow=rule.allow_url.split(','),
unique=True),
follow=True,
callback='parse_item'))
self.rules = tuple(rule_list)
super(ProxySpiderSpider, self).__init__()
#spider关闭时的逻辑
def spider_closed(self, spider):
print "spider is closed!"
session = loadSession()
log = session.query(SpiderCrawlLog).filter(SpiderCrawlLog.spiderID == self.rule.id,
SpiderCrawlLog.endTime == None
).first()
log.endTime = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
log.status = "closed"
session.commit()
#spider启动时的逻辑
def spider_opened(self, spider):
print "spider is running!"
item = SpiderCrawlLog(
spiderID=self.rule.id,
spiderName=self.rule.name,
status="Running...",
startTime=datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),
endTime=None,
pages=0,
items=0
)
session = loadSession()
log = session.query(SpiderCrawlLog).filter(
SpiderCrawlLog.spiderID == self.rule.id,
SpiderCrawlLog.endTime == None)
# 查询当前spider是否有未结束的日志
if log.count() == 0 :
session.add(item)
session.commit()
else:
pass
def parse_item(self, response):
# print 'Hi, this is an item page! %s' % response.url
#print response.body
session = loadSession()
log = session.query(SpiderCrawlLog).filter(SpiderCrawlLog.spiderID == self.rule.id,
SpiderCrawlLog.endTime == None).first()
log.pages = int(log.pages) + 1
session.commit()
item=IpProxyPoolItem()
if len(self.rule.loop_xpath):
# print 'Find %d items!'% len(response.xpath(self.rule.loop_xpath))
for proxy in response.xpath(self.rule.loop_xpath):
if len(self.rule.ip_xpath):
tmp_ip = proxy.xpath(self.rule.ip_xpath).extract_first()
ip = tmp_ip.strip() if tmp_ip is not None else ""
else:
ip = ""
if len(self.rule.port_xpath):
tmp_port = proxy.xpath(self.rule.port_xpath).extract_first()
port = tmp_port.strip() if tmp_port is not None else ""
else:
port = ""
if len(self.rule.location1_xpath):
tmp_location1 = proxy.xpath(self.rule.location1_xpath).extract_first()
location1 = tmp_location1.strip() if tmp_location1 is not None else ""
else:
location1 = ""
if len(self.rule.location2_xpath):
tmp_location2 = proxy.xpath(self.rule.location2_xpath).extract_first()
location2 = tmp_location2.strip() if tmp_location2 is not None else ""
else:
location2 = ""
if len(self.rule.lifetime_xpath):
tmp_lifetime = proxy.xpath(self.rule.lifetime_xpath).extract_first()
lifetime = tmp_lifetime.strip() if tmp_lifetime is not None else ""
else:
lifetime = ""
if len(self.rule.lastcheck_xpath):
tmp_lastcheck = proxy.xpath(self.rule.lastcheck_xpath).extract_first()
lastcheck = tmp_lastcheck.strip() if tmp_lastcheck is not None else ""
else:
lastcheck = ""
if len(self.rule.level_xpath):
tmp_level = proxy.xpath(self.rule.level_xpath).extract_first()
level = tmp_level.strip() if tmp_level is not None else ""
else:
level = ""
if len(self.rule.type_xpath):
tmp_type = proxy.xpath(self.rule.type_xpath).extract_first()
type = tmp_type.strip() if tmp_type is not None else ""
else:
type = ""
if len(self.rule.speed_xpath):
tmp_speed = proxy.xpath(self.rule.speed_xpath).extract_first()
speed = tmp_speed.strip() if tmp_speed is not None else ""
else:
speed = ""
item['ip_port']=(":".join([ip,port])) if len(port) else ip
item['type']=type
item['level']=level
item['location']=(" ".join([location1,location2])) if location2 is not None and len(location2) else location1
item['speed']=speed
item['lifetime']=lifetime
item['lastcheck']=lastcheck
item['rule_id']=self.rule.id
item['source']=response.url
yield item
应用截图：
使用signals机制来插入日志并实时更新spider的运行和数据爬取状态
