Docker Dockerfile使用

其他 2018-07-03 14:44:02 阅读次数: 0

Dockerfile概念：

镜像的定制实际上就是定制每一层所添加的配置、文件。如果我们可以把每一层修改、安装、构建、操作的命令都写入一个脚本，用这个脚本来构建、定制镜像，那么之前提及的无法重复的问题、镜像构建透明性的问题、体积的问题就都会解决。这个脚本就是 Dockerfile。

Dockerfile 是一个文本文件，其内包含了一条条的指令(Instruction)，每一条指令构建一层，因此每一条指令的内容，就是描述该层应当如何构建。

代码：

Centos7.2中安装jdk和tomcat

FROM centos:7.2.1511
MAINTAINER hongdada "[email protected]"

# 设置当前工具目录
# 该命令不会新增镜像层
WORKDIR /home

# 安装必要的工具
RUN yum install -y wget && \
    rpm --rebuilddb && \
    yum install -y tar && \
    wget --no-check-certificate --no-cookies --header "Cookie: oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u131-b11/d54c1d3a095b4ff2b6607d096fa80163/jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz && \
    tar -xvzf jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz && \
    wget http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.32/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.32.tar.gz && \
    tar -xvzf apache-tomcat-8.5.32.tar.gz && \ 
    mv apache-tomcat-8.5.32/ tomcat && \
    rm -f jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz && \
    rm -f apache-tomcat-8.5.32.tar.gz && \    
    yum clean all

# 设置环境变量
ENV JAVA_HOME /home/jdk1.8.0_131
ENV CATALINA_HOME /home/tomcat
ENV PATH $PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$CATALINA_HOME/bin

# 暴露tomcat 8080端口
EXPOSE 8080

ENTRYPOINT /home/tomcat/bin/startup.sh && tail -f /home/tomcat/logs/catalina.out

# 创建容器启动tomcat
CMD ["/home/tomcat/bin/startup.sh"]

利用这个Dockerfile构建镜像命令：

[root@localhost tomcat]# docker build -t centos:v1 .

注意后面有个点 .

我们这里使用的是直接下载，但是一般生产不会这样，会利用已经下载好的安装包，这样在build的过程中会报错
找不到tomcat或者jdk路径，这事可以在build时用指定Dockerfile路径试试。

docker build -t tomcat:test1 /home/zyt/tomcat-docker/Dockerfile .

上面的构建命令执行结果：

[root@localhost tomcat]# docker build -t centos:v1 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 3.072 kB
Step 1/10 : FROM centos:7.2.1511
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/centos ... 
sha256:7c47810fd05ba380bd607a1ece3b4ad7e67f5906b1b981291987918cb22f6d4d: Pulling from docker.io/library/centos
f2d1d709a1da: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:7c47810fd05ba380bd607a1ece3b4ad7e67f5906b1b981291987918cb22f6d4d
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/centos:7.2.1511
 ---> 0a2bad7da9b5
Step 2/10 : MAINTAINER hongdada "[email protected]"
 ---> Running in c6da5f881cc8
 ---> 69b28335aece
Removing intermediate container c6da5f881cc8
Step 3/10 : WORKDIR /home
 ---> 7c45fd2b7596
Removing intermediate container d1d433a16ef9
Step 4/10 : RUN yum install -y wget &&     rpm --rebuilddb &&     yum install -y tar &&     wget --no-check-certificate --no-cookies --header "Cookie: oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u131-b11/d54c1d3a095b4ff2b6607d096fa80163/jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz &&     tar -xvzf jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz &&     wget http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.32/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.32.tar.gz &&     tar -xvzf apache-tomcat-8.5.32.tar.gz &&     mv apache-tomcat-8.5.32/ tomcat &&     rm -f jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz &&     rm -f apache-tomcat-8.5.32.tar.gz &&     yum clean all
 ---> Running in 7256e59ff024
 .......
 .......
 .......
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Cleaning repos: base extras updates
Cleaning up everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
 ---> 10720ac1a433
Removing intermediate container 7256e59ff024
Step 5/10 : ENV JAVA_HOME /home/jdk1.8.0_131
 ---> Running in 9dda120b45bc
 ---> 3c5390a1e18c
Removing intermediate container 9dda120b45bc
Step 6/10 : ENV CATALINA_HOME /home/tomcat
 ---> Running in 55b9ca9b46f6
 ---> 23dd4d3c4e81
Removing intermediate container 55b9ca9b46f6
Step 7/10 : ENV PATH $PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$CATALINA_HOME/bin
 ---> Running in 8b79ea2a53bc
 ---> 1403401143c8
Removing intermediate container 8b79ea2a53bc
Step 8/10 : EXPOSE 8080
 ---> Running in c1faa9022bf7
 ---> bde367d955e3
Removing intermediate container c1faa9022bf7
Step 9/10 : ENTRYPOINT /home/tomcat/bin/startup.sh && tail -f /home/tomcat/logs/catalina.out
 ---> Running in e0f7216cdefc
 ---> ff984964a08f
Removing intermediate container e0f7216cdefc
Step 10/10 : CMD /home/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
 ---> Running in 27eb2056c888
 ---> 86bb3ec89384
Removing intermediate container 27eb2056c888
Successfully built 86bb3ec89384

可以看出一共分成了10步，最后Successfully

查看镜像：

[root@localhost tomcat]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY                              TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos                                  v1                  86bb3ec89384        3 minutes ago       595 MB
<none>                                  <none>              a19d7e86dfb2        33 minutes ago      191 MB
docker.io/nginx                         latest              5699ececb21c        8 days ago          109 MB
docker.io/ubuntu                        16.04               5e8b97a2a082        4 weeks ago         114 MB
docker.io/centos                        latest              49f7960eb7e4        4 weeks ago         200 MB
hongdada/nginx                          v3                  c5cf58738d6b        4 weeks ago         109 MB

可以看出第一个就是刚刚构建的centos

根据该镜像启动一个容器：

[root@localhost tomcat]# docker run -d -p 8088:8080 centos:v1
b445ecc8eb60634481404a88f3d9c017c88b122c431f1b70f3887dcce284eb18

查看：

[root@localhost tomcat]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
b445ecc8eb60        centos:v1           "/bin/sh -c '/home..."   4 seconds ago       Up 4 seconds        0.0.0.0:8088->8080/tcp   suspicious_bassi

查看容器启动日志：

root@localhost tomcat]# docker logs b4
Tomcat started.
tail: unrecognized file system type 0x794c7630 for '/home/tomcat/logs/catalina.out'. please report this to bug-[email protected]. reverting to polling
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.422 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server version:        Apache Tomcat/8.5.32
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.444 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server built:          Jun 20 2018 19:50:35 UTC
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.444 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server number:         8.5.32.0
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.445 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log OS Name:               Linux
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.445 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log OS Version:            3.10.0-693.21.1.el7.x86_64
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.445 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Architecture:          amd64
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.445 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Java Home:             /home/jdk1.8.0_131/jre
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.445 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log JVM Version:           1.8.0_131-b11
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.445 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log JVM Vendor:            Oracle Corporation
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.445 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log CATALINA_BASE:         /home/tomcat
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.445 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log CATALINA_HOME:         /home/tomcat
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.446 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/home/tomcat/conf/logging.properties
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.446 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.446 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.446 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.446 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.446 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dignore.endorsed.dirs=
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.446 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dcatalina.base=/home/tomcat
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.446 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dcatalina.home=/home/tomcat
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.446 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.io.tmpdir=/home/tomcat/temp
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.446 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: [/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib]
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.862 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.init Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.899 INFO [main] org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool.getSharedSelector Using a shared selector for servlet write/read
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.912 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.init Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.913 INFO [main] org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool.getSharedSelector Using a shared selector for servlet write/read
05-Jul-2018 13:55:21.926 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load Initialization processed in 1665 ms
05-Jul-2018 13:55:22.000 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal Starting service [Catalina]
05-Jul-2018 13:55:22.000 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.32
05-Jul-2018 13:55:22.037 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory [/home/tomcat/webapps/ROOT]
05-Jul-2018 13:55:22.928 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory [/home/tomcat/webapps/ROOT] has finished in [890] ms
05-Jul-2018 13:55:22.941 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory [/home/tomcat/webapps/docs]
05-Jul-2018 13:55:22.988 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory [/home/tomcat/webapps/docs] has finished in [47] ms
05-Jul-2018 13:55:22.989 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory [/home/tomcat/webapps/examples]
05-Jul-2018 13:55:23.572 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory [/home/tomcat/webapps/examples] has finished in [584] ms
05-Jul-2018 13:55:23.572 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory [/home/tomcat/webapps/host-manager]
05-Jul-2018 13:55:23.645 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory [/home/tomcat/webapps/host-manager] has finished in [73] ms
05-Jul-2018 13:55:23.646 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory [/home/tomcat/webapps/manager]
05-Jul-2018 13:55:23.700 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory [/home/tomcat/webapps/manager] has finished in [54] ms
05-Jul-2018 13:55:23.709 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
05-Jul-2018 13:55:23.751 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start Starting ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
05-Jul-2018 13:55:23.755 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start Server startup in 1828 ms

最后查看8088端口是否可以访问tomcat,我这边是可以的，这边就不贴效果图了。

进入容器内部进行查看：

[root@localhost tomcat]# docker exec -it b44 /bin/bash
[root@b445ecc8eb60 home]# ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 8   10  143 4096 Mar 15  2017 jdk1.8.0_131
drwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   39 Jul  5 13:44 tomcat

参考：

https://blog.csdn.net/wo18237095579/article/details/80540571

https://ithelp.ithome.com.tw/articles/10191016

https://yeasy.gitbooks.io/docker_practice/image/build.html

http://oomusou.io/docker/dockerfile-dockercompose/

https://blog.csdn.net/boonya/article/details/74626431

https://steffan.cn/2017/02/10/how-to-build-a-Tomcat-image-with-Dockerfile-and-deploy-war/

https://www.jianshu.com/p/369e75f6303b

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