[root@localhost ~]# yum list | grep -i mariadb-server 提供服务的包
mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
[root@localhost ~]# yum list | grep -i mariadb
mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 @anaconda/7.4
mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-bench.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-devel.i686 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-embedded.i686 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-embedded.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-embedded-devel.i686 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-embedded-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-libs.i686 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-test.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q mariadb-server mariadb
未安装软件包 mariadb-server
未安装软件包 mariadb
如果装了则使用把相应的依赖包后把以上的两个包给卸载
rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
[root@localhost /]# tar -xf mysql-5.7.17.tar
[root@localhost /]# ls *.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost /]# rpm -qa | grep -i mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost /]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-*.rpm
警告：mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
错误：依赖检测失败：
perl(JSON) 被 mysql-community-test-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 需要
[root@localhost /]# yum list | grep -i perl-json
perl-JSON.noarch 2.59-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
perl-JSON-PP.noarch 2.27202-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
perl-JSON-tests.noarch 2.59-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
[root@localhost /]# rpm -q perl-JSON
未安装软件包 perl-JSON
[root@localhost /]# yum -y install perl-JSON
[root@localhost /]# rpm -q perl-JSON
perl-JSON-2.59-2.el7.noarch
[root@localhost /]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-*rpm
[root@localhost /]#rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
[root@localhost /]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-test-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost /]# ls /etc/my.cnf
/etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost /]# ls /var/lib/mysql
[刚开始的时候，以上的两个软件都没有数据，系数要进行初始化]
[root@localhost /]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
[root@localhost /]# ls /var/lib/mysql
auto.cnf ib_buffer_pool mysql public_key.pem
ca-key.pem ibdata1 mysql.sock server-cert.pem
ca.pem ib_logfile0 mysql.sock.lock server-key.pem
client-cert.pem ib_logfile1 performance_schema sys
client-key.pem ibtmp1 private_key.pem
[root@localhost /]# ls /var/lib/mysql -l
总用量 122952
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 56 6月 25 22:49 auto.cnf
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 1679 6月 25 22:49 ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 1074 6月 25 22:49 ca.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 1078 6月 25 22:49 client-cert.pem
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 1675 6月 25 22:49 client-key.pem
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 413 6月 25 22:49 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 6月 25 22:49 ibdata1
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 6月 25 22:49 ib_logfile0
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 6月 25 22:49 ib_logfile1
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 6月 25 22:49 ibtmp1
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql 4096 6月 25 22:49 mysql
srwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 0 6月 25 22:49 mysql.sock
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 5 6月 25 22:49 mysql.sock.lock
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql 8192 6月 25 22:49 performance_schema
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 1679 6月 25 22:49 private_key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 451 6月 25 22:49 public_key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 1078 6月 25 22:49 server-cert.pem
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 1679 6月 25 22:49 server-key.pem
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql 8192 6月 25 22:49 sys
[root@localhost /]# grep mysql /etc/group
mysql:x:27:
[root@localhost /]# grep mysql /etc/passwd
mysql:x:27:27:MySQL Server:/var/lib/mysql:/bin/false
[root@localhost /]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@localhost /]# ps -C mysqld
PID TTY TIME CMD
4613 ? 00:00:00 mysqld
[root@localhost /]# netstat -utnlp | grep :3306
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 4613/mysqld
[root@localhost /]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-test-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
初始密码连接：
[root@localhost /]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log [查看原始的密码]
2018-06-25T14:49:28.937599Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 3xZm(TQ(jyd)
2018-06-25T14:59:05.551210Z 3 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
[root@localhost /]# mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -p'3xZm(TQ(jyd)'
二、重制本机登陆密码
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'3xZm(TQ(jyd)'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.17
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
密码验证策率为以下的三行，mysql中的策率有三种。
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_length=6;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> alter user root@"localhost" identified by "123456";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'123456'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
只用是命令行都是临时的
三、配置密码设置永久生效
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
validate_password_policy=0;
validate_password_length=6;
验证的办法
systemctl stop mysqld
systemctl start mysqld
四、相关概念
表 文件夹
库 文件
记录 行
字段 列
sql命令 结构化查询语言
SQL命令语法规则？
MYSQL指令：环境切换、看状态、退出等控制
SQL指令：数据库定义/查询/操作/授权/操作/授权语句
基本注意事项
-操作指令不区分大小写（密码、变量值除外）
每条SQL指令以；结束或分隔
不支持Tab建自动补齐
\c可废弃当前编写错的操作指令
五、客户端把数据库的过程
连接数据库
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'123456'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> create database db1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use db1;
Database changed
mysql> create table t1(name char(1),age int (1));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.43 sec)
mysql> insert into t1 values("bob", 91);
ERROR 1406 (22001): Data too long for column 'name' at row 1
mysql> insert into t1 values("bob",91);
ERROR 1406 (22001): Data too long for column 'name' at row 1
mysql> insert into t1 values("bob",9);
ERROR 1406 (22001): Data too long for column 'name' at row 1
mysql> insert into t1 values("A",9);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> select * from t1;
+------+------+
| name | age |
+------+------+
| A | 9 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> ^DBye
库管理命令
show database；
create database db1;
insert into t1 values("bob", 91);
select * from t1;
select batsbase(); 显示当前所在的数据库下
show tables;
drop database 库名；
mkdir /var/lib/mysql/zhydb ---这杨的数据库所有者不是mysql而不是root
数据库的命令规则
可以使用数字/字母/下划线，但不能纯数字
区分大小写，唯一性
不能使用指令关键字、特殊字符
数据库管理
查看表结构
mysql> desc t1;
+-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name | char(10) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> create database db11;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> use db11;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create table t1(name char(10));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.90 sec)
mysql> insert into t1 values("as"),("aa");
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.06 sec)
Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from t1;
+------+d
| name |
+------+
| as |
| aa |
+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update t1 set name='xx';
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.06 sec)
Rows matched: 2 Changed: 2 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from t1;
+------+
| name |
+------+
| xx |
| xx |
+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> delete * from t1;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '* from t1' at line 1
mysql> delete from t1;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.31 sec)
mysql> select * from t1;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_db11 |
+----------------+
| t1 |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop table t1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select databases();
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'databases()' at line 1
mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| db11 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop database db11;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
指定编码格式
create table t2(name char()) DEFAULT CHARSET=UTF8;
alter table 学生表 DEFAULT CHARSET=UTF8;
mysql> create database 学生库;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use 学生库;
Database changed
mysql> create table 学生表(姓名 char(15));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.18 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------+
| Tables_in_学生库 |
+---------------------+
| 学生表 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc 学生表;
+--------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| 姓名 | char(15) | YES | | NULL | |
+--------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into 学生表 values("张三非")；
-> ；
-> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '；
；' at line 1
mysql> insert into 学生表 values("张三非");
ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value: '\xE5\xBC\xA0\xE4\xB8\x89...' for column '姓名' at row 1
mysql> show create table 学生表;
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table | Create Table |
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 学生表 | CREATE TABLE `学生表` (
`姓名` char(15) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 |
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> alter table 学生表 DEFAULT CHARSET=UTF8；
-> ;
ERROR 1115 (42000): Unknown character set: 'UTF8；'
mysql> alter table 学生表 DEFAULT CHARSET=UTF8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> show create table 学生表;
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table | Create Table |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 学生表 | CREATE TABLE `学生表` (
`姓名` char(15) CHARACTER SET latin1 DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into 学生表 values("张三非");
ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value: '\xE5\xBC\xA0\xE4\xB8\x89...' for column '姓名' at row 1
mysql> alter table 学生表 DEFAULT CHARSET=UTF-8;
ERROR 1115 (42000): Unknown character set: 'UTF'
mysql> alter table 学生表 DEFAULT CHARSET=UTF8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql>
mysql> create database studb;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use studb;
Database changed
mysql> create table stuinfo(name char(15),address char(30));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.17 sec)
mysql> desc stuinfo;
+---------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name | char(15) | YES | | NULL | |
| address | char(30) | YES | | NULL | |
+---------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into stuinfo values("zhansan","beijing");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)
mysql> select * from stuinfo;
+---------+---------+
| name | address |
+---------+---------+
| zhansan | beijing |
+---------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| 学生库 |
| db1 |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| studb |
| sys |
+--------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use db1;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+---------------+
| Tables_in_db1 |
+---------------+
| t1 |
+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc t1;
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name | char(1) | YES | | NULL | |
| age | int(1) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop table t1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)
mysql> create table t1(level tinyint
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.19 sec)
mysql> select * form t1;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'form t1' at line 1
mysql> select * from t1;
+-------+
| level |
+-------+
| -128 |
+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create table t2(level tinyint unsigned)
mysql> create table t2(level tinyint unsigned)
-> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.23 sec)
mysql> insert into t2 values(21.23)
-> ;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> select * ftom t2;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'ftom t2' at line 1
mysql> select * from t2;
+-------+
| level |
+-------+
| 21 |
+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
整数型
关于整数型字段
使用UNSIGNED修饰时，对应的字段只能保证正数
数值不够指定宽度是，在左边填空格补位
宽度仅是显示宽度，存数值的大小由类型决定
使用关键字ZEROFILL时，填0代替空格补位
数值超出范围时，报错。
字符类型
char 255字符 固定宽度，在右边补齐
vachar 65535
text/blob 大于65535
太耗时间了如果在数据库存图片1和视频
在见表的时候一定要先指定字符集
字符类型的宽度和数值的宽度时不一样的
数值的宽度是显示宽度
mysql> create table tt2( id int(5) zerofill,
-> age int (4) zerofill,
-> level int zerofill
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.47 sec)
mysql> desc tt2;
+-------+---------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(5) unsigned zerofill | YES | | NULL | |
| age | int(4) unsigned zerofill | YES | | NULL | |
| level | int(10) unsigned zerofill | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+---------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into tt2 values(9,9,9);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)
mysql> select * from tt2;
+-------+------+------------+
| id | age | level |
+-------+------+------------+
| 00009 | 0009 | 0000000009 |
+-------+------+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
设置宽度的目的是为了节省存储空间
日期时间类型
DATA 4字节 0001-01-01~9999-12-31
YESR 1字节 1901～2155
TIME 3字节 HH：MM：SS
DATATIME 8字节 1000-01-01 00：00：00：000000～9999-12-31 23：59：59.999999
日期时间，TIMESTAMP 4字节 1970-01-01 00：00：00：000000～2038-01-19 03：14：07.999999
mysql> create table time(
-> name char(15),
-> age tinyint(2) unsigned,
-> birthday date,
-> up_time time,
-> y_star year,
-> party datetime
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.23 sec)
mysql> desc time;
+----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name | char(15) | YES | | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(2) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
| birthday | date | YES | | NULL | |
| up_time | time | YES | | NULL | |
| y_star | year(4) | YES | | NULL | |
| party | datetime | YES | | NULL | |
+----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into time values("zhu",11,19920808,083000,1990,201806203028);
ERROR 1292 (22007): Incorrect datetime value: '201806203028' for column 'party' at row 1
mysql> insert into time values("zhu",11,19920808,083000,1990,20180628203028);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> select * from time;
+------+------+------------+----------+--------+---------------------+
| name | age | birthday | up_time | y_star | party |
+------+------+------------+----------+--------+---------------------+
| zhu | 11 | 1992-08-08 | 08:30:00 | 1990 | 2018-06-28 20:30:28 |
+------+------+------------+----------+--------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
使用时间函数给日期时间类型赋值？
mysql> insert into time values("t",21,date(now()),083000,year(19901220),now());
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
select now();
select year(20170321);
select date(now());
select time(now());
select month(now());
使用2位数字给year类型自动赋值？
枚举类型
在定值集合中选择单个值 ENUM
选择多个是SET
mysql> create table m1(name char(12),sex enum("boy","girl","no"), likes set ("game","read","film"));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.20 sec)
mysql> desc m1;
+-------+---------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name | char(12) | YES | | NULL | |
| sex | enum('boy','girl','no') | YES | | NULL | |
| likes | set('game','read','film') | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+---------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into m1 values("zhu","boy","game")
-> ;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> select * from m1;
+------+------+-------+
| name | sex | likes |
+------+------+-------+
| zhu | boy | game |
+------+------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
[root@localhost ~]# yum list | grep -i mariadb
mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 @anaconda/7.4
mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-bench.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-devel.i686 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-embedded.i686 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-embedded.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-embedded-devel.i686 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-embedded-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-libs.i686 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
mariadb-test.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q mariadb-server mariadb
未安装软件包 mariadb-server
未安装软件包 mariadb
如果装了则使用把相应的依赖包后把以上的两个包给卸载
rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
[root@localhost /]# tar -xf mysql-5.7.17.tar
[root@localhost /]# ls *.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost /]# rpm -qa | grep -i mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost /]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-*.rpm
警告：mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
错误：依赖检测失败：
perl(JSON) 被 mysql-community-test-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 需要
[root@localhost /]# yum list | grep -i perl-json
perl-JSON.noarch 2.59-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
perl-JSON-PP.noarch 2.27202-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
perl-JSON-tests.noarch 2.59-2.el7 var_www_html_rhel7
[root@localhost /]# rpm -q perl-JSON
未安装软件包 perl-JSON
[root@localhost /]# yum -y install perl-JSON
[root@localhost /]# rpm -q perl-JSON
perl-JSON-2.59-2.el7.noarch
[root@localhost /]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-*rpm
[root@localhost /]#rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
[root@localhost /]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-test-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost /]# ls /etc/my.cnf
/etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost /]# ls /var/lib/mysql
[刚开始的时候，以上的两个软件都没有数据，系数要进行初始化]
[root@localhost /]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
[root@localhost /]# ls /var/lib/mysql
auto.cnf ib_buffer_pool mysql public_key.pem
ca-key.pem ibdata1 mysql.sock server-cert.pem
ca.pem ib_logfile0 mysql.sock.lock server-key.pem
client-cert.pem ib_logfile1 performance_schema sys
client-key.pem ibtmp1 private_key.pem
[root@localhost /]# ls /var/lib/mysql -l
总用量 122952
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 56 6月 25 22:49 auto.cnf
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 1679 6月 25 22:49 ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 1074 6月 25 22:49 ca.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 1078 6月 25 22:49 client-cert.pem
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 1675 6月 25 22:49 client-key.pem
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 413 6月 25 22:49 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 6月 25 22:49 ibdata1
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 6月 25 22:49 ib_logfile0
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 6月 25 22:49 ib_logfile1
-rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 6月 25 22:49 ibtmp1
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql 4096 6月 25 22:49 mysql
srwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 0 6月 25 22:49 mysql.sock
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 5 6月 25 22:49 mysql.sock.lock
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql 8192 6月 25 22:49 performance_schema
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 1679 6月 25 22:49 private_key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 451 6月 25 22:49 public_key.pem
-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 1078 6月 25 22:49 server-cert.pem
-rw-------. 1 mysql mysql 1679 6月 25 22:49 server-key.pem
drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql 8192 6月 25 22:49 sys
[root@localhost /]# grep mysql /etc/group
mysql:x:27:
[root@localhost /]# grep mysql /etc/passwd
mysql:x:27:27:MySQL Server:/var/lib/mysql:/bin/false
[root@localhost /]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@localhost /]# ps -C mysqld
PID TTY TIME CMD
4613 ? 00:00:00 mysqld
[root@localhost /]# netstat -utnlp | grep :3306
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 4613/mysqld
[root@localhost /]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-test-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
初始密码连接：
[root@localhost /]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log [查看原始的密码]
2018-06-25T14:49:28.937599Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 3xZm(TQ(jyd)
2018-06-25T14:59:05.551210Z 3 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
[root@localhost /]# mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -p'3xZm(TQ(jyd)'
二、重制本机登陆密码
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'3xZm(TQ(jyd)'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.17
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
密码验证策率为以下的三行，mysql中的策率有三种。
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_length=6;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> alter user root@"localhost" identified by "123456";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'123456'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
只用是命令行都是临时的
三、配置密码设置永久生效
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
validate_password_policy=0;
validate_password_length=6;
验证的办法
systemctl stop mysqld
systemctl start mysqld
四、相关概念
表 文件夹
库 文件
记录 行
字段 列
sql命令 结构化查询语言
SQL命令语法规则？
MYSQL指令：环境切换、看状态、退出等控制
SQL指令：数据库定义/查询/操作/授权/操作/授权语句
基本注意事项
-操作指令不区分大小写（密码、变量值除外）
每条SQL指令以；结束或分隔
不支持Tab建自动补齐
\c可废弃当前编写错的操作指令
五、客户端把数据库的过程
连接数据库
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'123456'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> create database db1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use db1;
Database changed
mysql> create table t1(name char(1),age int (1));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.43 sec)
mysql> insert into t1 values("bob", 91);
ERROR 1406 (22001): Data too long for column 'name' at row 1
mysql> insert into t1 values("bob",91);
ERROR 1406 (22001): Data too long for column 'name' at row 1
mysql> insert into t1 values("bob",9);
ERROR 1406 (22001): Data too long for column 'name' at row 1
mysql> insert into t1 values("A",9);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> select * from t1;
+------+------+
| name | age |
+------+------+
| A | 9 |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> ^DBye
库管理命令
show database；
create database db1;
insert into t1 values("bob", 91);
select * from t1;
select batsbase(); 显示当前所在的数据库下
show tables;
drop database 库名；
mkdir /var/lib/mysql/zhydb ---这杨的数据库所有者不是mysql而不是root
数据库的命令规则
可以使用数字/字母/下划线，但不能纯数字
区分大小写，唯一性
不能使用指令关键字、特殊字符
数据库管理
查看表结构
mysql> desc t1;
+-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name | char(10) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> create database db11;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> use db11;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create table t1(name char(10));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.90 sec)
mysql> insert into t1 values("as"),("aa");
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.06 sec)
Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from t1;
+------+d
| name |
+------+
| as |
| aa |
+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update t1 set name='xx';
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.06 sec)
Rows matched: 2 Changed: 2 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from t1;
+------+
| name |
+------+
| xx |
| xx |
+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> delete * from t1;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '* from t1' at line 1
mysql> delete from t1;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.31 sec)
mysql> select * from t1;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_db11 |
+----------------+
| t1 |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop table t1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select databases();
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'databases()' at line 1
mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| db11 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop database db11;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
指定编码格式
create table t2(name char()) DEFAULT CHARSET=UTF8;
alter table 学生表 DEFAULT CHARSET=UTF8;
mysql> create database 学生库;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use 学生库;
Database changed
mysql> create table 学生表(姓名 char(15));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.18 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------+
| Tables_in_学生库 |
+---------------------+
| 学生表 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc 学生表;
+--------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| 姓名 | char(15) | YES | | NULL | |
+--------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into 学生表 values("张三非")；
-> ；
-> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '；
；' at line 1
mysql> insert into 学生表 values("张三非");
ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value: '\xE5\xBC\xA0\xE4\xB8\x89...' for column '姓名' at row 1
mysql> show create table 学生表;
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table | Create Table |
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 学生表 | CREATE TABLE `学生表` (
`姓名` char(15) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 |
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> alter table 学生表 DEFAULT CHARSET=UTF8；
-> ;
ERROR 1115 (42000): Unknown character set: 'UTF8；'
mysql> alter table 学生表 DEFAULT CHARSET=UTF8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> show create table 学生表;
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table | Create Table |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 学生表 | CREATE TABLE `学生表` (
`姓名` char(15) CHARACTER SET latin1 DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 |
+-----------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into 学生表 values("张三非");
ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value: '\xE5\xBC\xA0\xE4\xB8\x89...' for column '姓名' at row 1
mysql> alter table 学生表 DEFAULT CHARSET=UTF-8;
ERROR 1115 (42000): Unknown character set: 'UTF'
mysql> alter table 学生表 DEFAULT CHARSET=UTF8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql>
mysql> create database studb;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use studb;
Database changed
mysql> create table stuinfo(name char(15),address char(30));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.17 sec)
mysql> desc stuinfo;
+---------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name | char(15) | YES | | NULL | |
| address | char(30) | YES | | NULL | |
+---------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into stuinfo values("zhansan","beijing");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)
mysql> select * from stuinfo;
+---------+---------+
| name | address |
+---------+---------+
| zhansan | beijing |
+---------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| 学生库 |
| db1 |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| studb |
| sys |
+--------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use db1;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+---------------+
| Tables_in_db1 |
+---------------+
| t1 |
+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc t1;
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name | char(1) | YES | | NULL | |
| age | int(1) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop table t1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)
mysql> create table t1(level tinyint
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.19 sec)
mysql> select * form t1;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'form t1' at line 1
mysql> select * from t1;
+-------+
| level |
+-------+
| -128 |
+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create table t2(level tinyint unsigned)
mysql> create table t2(level tinyint unsigned)
-> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.23 sec)
mysql> insert into t2 values(21.23)
-> ;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> select * ftom t2;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'ftom t2' at line 1
mysql> select * from t2;
+-------+
| level |
+-------+
| 21 |
+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
整数型
关于整数型字段
使用UNSIGNED修饰时，对应的字段只能保证正数
数值不够指定宽度是，在左边填空格补位
宽度仅是显示宽度，存数值的大小由类型决定
使用关键字ZEROFILL时，填0代替空格补位
数值超出范围时，报错。
字符类型
char 255字符 固定宽度，在右边补齐
vachar 65535
text/blob 大于65535
太耗时间了如果在数据库存图片1和视频
在见表的时候一定要先指定字符集
字符类型的宽度和数值的宽度时不一样的
数值的宽度是显示宽度
mysql> create table tt2( id int(5) zerofill,
-> age int (4) zerofill,
-> level int zerofill
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.47 sec)
mysql> desc tt2;
+-------+---------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(5) unsigned zerofill | YES | | NULL | |
| age | int(4) unsigned zerofill | YES | | NULL | |
| level | int(10) unsigned zerofill | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+---------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into tt2 values(9,9,9);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)
mysql> select * from tt2;
+-------+------+------------+
| id | age | level |
+-------+------+------------+
| 00009 | 0009 | 0000000009 |
+-------+------+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
设置宽度的目的是为了节省存储空间
日期时间类型
DATA 4字节 0001-01-01~9999-12-31
YESR 1字节 1901～2155
TIME 3字节 HH：MM：SS
DATATIME 8字节 1000-01-01 00：00：00：000000～9999-12-31 23：59：59.999999
日期时间，TIMESTAMP 4字节 1970-01-01 00：00：00：000000～2038-01-19 03：14：07.999999
mysql> create table time(
-> name char(15),
-> age tinyint(2) unsigned,
-> birthday date,
-> up_time time,
-> y_star year,
-> party datetime
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.23 sec)
mysql> desc time;
+----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name | char(15) | YES | | NULL | |
| age | tinyint(2) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
| birthday | date | YES | | NULL | |
| up_time | time | YES | | NULL | |
| y_star | year(4) | YES | | NULL | |
| party | datetime | YES | | NULL | |
+----------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into time values("zhu",11,19920808,083000,1990,201806203028);
ERROR 1292 (22007): Incorrect datetime value: '201806203028' for column 'party' at row 1
mysql> insert into time values("zhu",11,19920808,083000,1990,20180628203028);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> select * from time;
+------+------+------------+----------+--------+---------------------+
| name | age | birthday | up_time | y_star | party |
+------+------+------------+----------+--------+---------------------+
| zhu | 11 | 1992-08-08 | 08:30:00 | 1990 | 2018-06-28 20:30:28 |
+------+------+------------+----------+--------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
使用时间函数给日期时间类型赋值？
mysql> insert into time values("t",21,date(now()),083000,year(19901220),now());
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
select now();
select year(20170321);
select date(now());
select time(now());
select month(now());
使用2位数字给year类型自动赋值？
枚举类型
在定值集合中选择单个值 ENUM
选择多个是SET
mysql> create table m1(name char(12),sex enum("boy","girl","no"), likes set ("game","read","film"));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.20 sec)
mysql> desc m1;
+-------+---------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name | char(12) | YES | | NULL | |
| sex | enum('boy','girl','no') | YES | | NULL | |
| likes | set('game','read','film') | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+---------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into m1 values("zhu","boy","game")
-> ;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> select * from m1;
+------+------+-------+
| name | sex | likes |
+------+------+-------+
| zhu | boy | game |
+------+------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)