简介
在pgAdminIII v1.4中引入的pgAgent是一个用于PostgreSQL的作业调度代理，可用于执行操作系统批处理脚本和SQL任务。
从pgAdmin 1.9开始，pgAgent独立于pgAdmin单独安装。
环境：
- PostgreSQL 9.6.6
- pgAgent 3.4.0
- cmake 2.8.11
- wxWidgets 2.8.12
先安装PG、wxGTK、cmake
安装pgAgent
[yangjie@young-1 package]$ tar zxvf pgAgent-3.4.0-Source.tar.gz
[yangjie@young-1 package]$ cd pgAgent-3.4.0-Source/
[yangjie@young-1 pgAgent-3.4.0-Source]$ cmake ./
--
-- ================================================================================
-- Configuration summary:
--
-- Project : pgagent
-- Description : pgAgent is a job scheduling engine for PostgreSQL
-- Version : 3.4.0
--
-- PostgreSQL version string : PostgreSQL 9.6.6
-- PostgreSQL version parts : 9.6.6
-- PostgreSQL path : /work/pgsql/pg96
-- PostgreSQL config binary : /work/pgsql/pg96/bin/pg_config
-- PostgreSQL include path : /work/pgsql/pg96/include
-- PostgreSQL library path : /work/pgsql/pg96/lib
-- PostgreSQL share path : /work/pgsql/pg96/share
--
-- wxWidgets version : 2.8.12
-- wxWidgets path : /usr/local
-- wxWidgets config binary : /usr/local/bin/wx-config
-- wxWidgets Static linking : YES
-- wxWidgets Debug? : NO
-- ================================================================================
--
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /work/extension/pgAgent-3.4.0-Source
[yangjie@young-1 pgAgent-3.4.0-Source]$ make; make install;
数据库配置
创建pgagent扩展
[yangjie@young-1 bin]$ pwd
/work/pgsql/pg96/bin
[yangjie@young-1 bin]$ ./psql
psql (9.6.6)
Type "help" for help.
yangjie=# create extension pgagent ;
CREATE EXTENSION
yangjie=# \dx
List of installed extensions
Name | Version | Schema | Description
---------+---------+------------+------------------------------
pgagent | 3.4 | pgagent | A PostgreSQL job scheduler
plpgsql | 1.0 | pg_catalog | PL/pgSQL procedural language
(2 rows)
这个命令将在一个名为“pgagent”的模式中创建许多表和其他对象。
yangjie=# set search_path to pgagent;
SET
yangjie=# \d
List of relations
Schema | Name | Type | Owner
---------+--------------------------+----------+---------
pgagent | pga_exception | table | yangjie
pgagent | pga_exception_jexid_seq | sequence | yangjie
pgagent | pga_job | table | yangjie
pgagent | pga_job_jobid_seq | sequence | yangjie
pgagent | pga_jobagent | table | yangjie
pgagent | pga_jobclass | table | yangjie
pgagent | pga_jobclass_jclid_seq | sequence | yangjie
pgagent | pga_joblog | table | yangjie
pgagent | pga_joblog_jlgid_seq | sequence | yangjie
pgagent | pga_jobstep | table | yangjie
pgagent | pga_jobstep_jstid_seq | sequence | yangjie
pgagent | pga_jobsteplog | table | yangjie
pgagent | pga_jobsteplog_jslid_seq | sequence | yangjie
pgagent | pga_schedule | table | yangjie
pgagent | pga_schedule_jscid_seq | sequence | yangjie
(15 rows)
创建pgagent进程
[yangjie@young-1 pgAgent-3.4.0-Source]$ ./pgagent
Usage:
pgagent [options] <connect-string>
options:
-f run in the foreground (do not detach from the terminal)
-t <poll time interval in seconds (default 10)>
-r <retry period after connection abort in seconds (>=10, default 30)>
-s <log file (messages are logged to STDOUT if not specified>
-l <logging verbosity (ERROR=0, WARNING=1, DEBUG=2, default 0)>
[yangjie@young-1 pgAgent-3.4.0-Source]$ ./pgagent hostaddr=127.0.0.1 dbname=yangjie user=yangjie password=yangjie -s ./pgagent.log
因为安全原因，不能直接将密码写入连接字符串，因为那样任何人使用ps命令就可以看到密码。所以使用~/.pgpass文件为数据库用户提供密码。
[yangjie@young-1 pgAgent-3.4.0-Source]$ ps x
PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND
22234 ? S 0:00 sshd: yangjie@pts/0
22235 pts/0 Ss+ 0:00 -bash
25204 ? S 0:00 sshd: yangjie@pts/1
25205 pts/1 Ss 0:00 -bash
25340 pts/1 S 0:01 /work/pgsql/pg96/bin/postgres -D ../data
25342 ? Ss 0:00 postgres: checkpointer process
25343 ? Ss 0:01 postgres: writer process
25344 ? Ss 0:01 postgres: wal writer process
25345 ? Ss 0:00 postgres: autovacuum launcher process
25346 ? Ss 0:02 postgres: stats collector process
25690 pts/1 S+ 0:00 ./psql
25691 ? Ss 0:00 postgres: yangjie yangjie [local] idle
25766 pts/2 S 0:00 pgagent hostaddr=127.0.0.1 dbname=yangjie user=yangjie password=yangjie -s ./pgagent.log // 服务
25767 ? Ss 0:00 postgres: yangjie yangjie 127.0.0.1(56382) idle // 连接
25769 pts/2 R+ 0:00 ps x
31230 ? S 0:00 sshd: yangjie@pts/2
31231 pts/2 Ss 0:00 -bash
创建Job
当成功安装pgAgent，并且pgAgent已经在正常运行后，接下来的任务就是创建定时执行任务。Postgresql的定时任务的概念分为两个部分：Schedule和Step。 Schedule是定时器，配置这个Job什么时候执行。而Step是执行任务的内容。通过这两部分结合，就可以配置这个Job什么时候做什么。一个Job可以有多个Schedule和多个Step。
新建一个Job
设置Schedules
开始时间以及分钟是5的倍数会执行。
设置Steps
定义要执行的SQL
当您完成计划定义后，您可以使用SQL选项卡来检查将创建或修改Job的代码。
pgAdmin窗口中的Properties选项卡将显示所选Job的概述，而Statistics选项卡将显示Job每次运行的详细信息
数据：
yangjie=# select * from test;
id | info | time
----+----------------------------------+-----------------
4 | a276e7c7b993ce8aac0a38493c057933 | 09:30:04.05872
5 | df2fe0cb4a3b4af042af52dd775a60ce | 09:35:04.166973
6 | dffcc3a86b126e5871699e503cb66e6c | 09:40:04.272227
7 | de01d2088112ae0dc7df960de53ba8d2 | 09:45:04.378131
8 | 317b3368fcf3ca8962a425c758110526 | 09:50:04.48115
9 | c299ee7090275fb6670b41065cb89753 | 09:55:04.586207
10 | 77bbee280130c0a06c3fae8eca1a1699 | 10:00:04.692692
11 | a334050f6fc2f028dba36b9eb282b2b2 | 10:05:04.796912
12 | 970744cf01924e0a15bdf3fa896c88f6 | 10:10:04.89903
13 | dec651a5eefd0053ec177a86c926fd62 | 10:15:05.004402
14 | 77780aa213797cac8302d944c23437a7 | 10:20:00.106256
15 | 092ff024f152895ae7380ee4fea88d60 | 10:25:00.212344
16 | d71a82445490b2d7c8352a70609b17ea | 10:30:00.32008
17 | c2c21c7fc3f56bef8da894cbb1423b13 | 10:35:00.4283
18 | 785712254de5c20af67978393b17563d | 10:40:00.531373
(15 rows)
pgagent元数据表
yangjie=# set search_path to pgagent;
SET
yangjie=# \d
List of relations
Schema | Name | Type | Owner
---------+--------------------------+----------+---------
pgagent | pga_exception | table | yangjie
pgagent | pga_exception_jexid_seq | sequence | yangjie
pgagent | pga_job | table | yangjie
pgagent | pga_job_jobid_seq | sequence | yangjie
pgagent | pga_jobagent | table | yangjie
pgagent | pga_jobclass | table | yangjie
pgagent | pga_jobclass_jclid_seq | sequence | yangjie
pgagent | pga_joblog | table | yangjie
pgagent | pga_joblog_jlgid_seq | sequence | yangjie
pgagent | pga_jobstep | table | yangjie
pgagent | pga_jobstep_jstid_seq | sequence | yangjie
pgagent | pga_jobsteplog | table | yangjie
pgagent | pga_jobsteplog_jslid_seq | sequence | yangjie
pgagent | pga_schedule | table | yangjie
pgagent | pga_schedule_jscid_seq | sequence | yangjie
(15 rows)
yangjie=# \x
Expanded display is on.
yangjie=# select * from pga_job;
-[ RECORD 1 ]+------------------------------
jobid | 4
jobjclid | 1
jobname | Job_1
jobdesc |
jobhostagent |
jobenabled | t
jobcreated | 2017-12-19 09:12:25.025086+08
jobchanged | 2017-12-19 09:12:25.025086+08
jobagentid |
jobnextrun | 2017-12-19 10:50:00+08
joblastrun | 2017-12-19 10:45:00.616219+08
yangjie=# select * from pga_jobstep;
-[ RECORD 1 ]-----------------------------------------------------------------
jstid | 7
jstjobid | 4
jstname | St_1
jstdesc |
jstenabled | t
jstkind | s
jstcode | begin;\r +
| insert into test (info,time) values(md5(random()::text),now());\r+
| commit;
jstconnstr | user=yangjie host=192.168.102.30 port=5432 dbname=yangjie
jstdbname |
jstonerror | f
jscnextrun |
yangjie=# select * from pga_schedule;
-[ RECORD 1 ]+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
jscid | 7
jscjobid | 4
jscname | Sc_1
jscdesc |
jscenabled | t
jscstart | 2017-12-19 00:00:00+08
jscend |
jscminutes | {t,f,f,f,f,t,f,f,f,f,t,f,f,f,f,t,f,f,f,f,t,f,f,f,f,t,f,f,f,f,t,f,f,f,f,t,f,f,f,f,t,f,f,f,f,t,f,f,f,f,t,f,f,f,f,t,f,f,f,f}
jschours | {f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f}
jscweekdays | {f,f,f,f,f,f,f}
jscmonthdays | {f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f}
jscmonths | {f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f,f}
yangjie=# \x
Expanded display is off.
yangjie=# select * from pga_joblog;
jlgid | jlgjobid | jlgstatus | jlgstart | jlgduration
-------+----------+-----------+-------------------------------+-----------------
275 | 4 | s | 2017-12-19 09:15:03.731043+08 | 00:00:00.017756
276 | 4 | s | 2017-12-19 09:20:03.838682+08 | 00:00:00.017349
277 | 4 | s | 2017-12-19 09:25:03.944863+08 | 00:00:00.01669
278 | 4 | s | 2017-12-19 09:30:04.046135+08 | 00:00:00.017016
279 | 4 | s | 2017-12-19 09:35:04.154206+08 | 00:00:00.01735
280 | 4 | s | 2017-12-19 09:40:04.259718+08 | 00:00:00.01662
281 | 4 | s | 2017-12-19 09:45:04.365681+08 | 00:00:00.016773
282 | 4 | s | 2017-12-19 09:50:04.468783+08 | 00:00:00.016581
283 | 4 | s | 2017-12-19 09:55:04.573744+08 | 00:00:00.016828
284 | 4 | s | 2017-12-19 10:00:04.68007+08 | 00:00:00.017035
285 | 4 | s | 2017-12-19 10:05:04.782743+08 | 00:00:00.018488
286 | 4 | s | 2017-12-19 10:10:04.886519+08 | 00:00:00.016865
287 | 4 | s | 2017-12-19 10:15:04.991821+08 | 00:00:00.016938
288 | 4 | s | 2017-12-19 10:20:00.093749+08 | 00:00:00.016909
289 | 4 | s | 2017-12-19 10:25:00.199343+08 | 00:00:00.017328
290 | 4 | s | 2017-12-19 10:30:00.306797+08 | 00:00:00.018195
291 | 4 | s | 2017-12-19 10:35:00.415492+08 | 00:00:00.016837
292 | 4 | s | 2017-12-19 10:40:00.519205+08 | 00:00:00.016268
293 | 4 | s | 2017-12-19 10:45:00.623464+08 | 00:00:00.015656
(19 rows)
yangjie=#