数据库配置方式------
前言
在我们日常的开发中,很多时候,定时任务都不是写死的,而是写到数据库中,从而实现定时任务的动态配置,下面就通过一个简单的示例,来实现这个功能。
一、新建一个springboot工程,并添加依赖
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency><!-- 为了方便测试,此处使用了内存数据库 -->
- <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
- <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
- <scope>runtime</scope>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
- <scope>test</scope>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
- <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
- <version>2.2.1</version>
- <exclusions>
- <exclusion>
- <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
- <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
- </exclusion>
- </exclusions>
- </dependency>
- <dependency><!-- 该依赖必加,里面有sping对schedule的支持 -->
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- # 服务器端口号
- server.port=7902
- # 是否生成ddl语句
- spring.jpa.generate-ddl=false
- # 是否打印sql语句
- spring.jpa.show-sql=true
- # 自动生成ddl,由于指定了具体的ddl,此处设置为none
- spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=none
- # 使用H2数据库
- spring.datasource.platform=h2
- # 指定生成数据库的schema文件位置
- spring.datasource.schema=classpath:schema.sql
- # 指定插入数据库语句的脚本位置
- spring.datasource.data=classpath:data.sql
- # 配置日志打印信息
- logging.level.root=INFO
- logging.level.org.hibernate=INFO
- logging.level.org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder=TRACE
- logging.level.org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicExtractor=TRACE
- logging.level.com.itmuch=DEBUG
- package com.chhliu.springboot.quartz.entity;
- import javax.persistence.Column;
- import javax.persistence.Entity;
- import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
- import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
- import javax.persistence.Id;
- @Entity
- public class Config {
- @Id
- @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
- private Long id;
- @Column
- private String cron;
- /**
- * @return the id
- */
- public Long getId() {
- return id;
- }
- ……此处省略getter和setter方法……
- }
- package com.chhliu.springboot.quartz.entity;
- import org.slf4j.Logger;
- import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
- import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
- @Configuration
- @Component // 此注解必加
- @EnableScheduling // 此注解必加
- public class ScheduleTask {
- private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ScheduleTask.class);
- public void sayHello(){
- LOGGER.info("Hello world, i'm the king of the world!!!");
- }
- }
由于springboot追求零xml配置,所以下面会以配置Bean的方式来实现
- package com.chhliu.springboot.quartz.entity;
- import org.quartz.Trigger;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
- import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean;
- import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean;
- import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean;
- @Configuration
- public class QuartzConfigration {
- /**
- * attention:
- * Details:配置定时任务
- */
- @Bean(name = "jobDetail")
- public MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean detailFactoryBean(ScheduleTask task) {// ScheduleTask为需要执行的任务
- MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean jobDetail = new MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean();
- /*
- * 是否并发执行
- * 例如每5s执行一次任务,但是当前任务还没有执行完,就已经过了5s了,
- * 如果此处为true,则下一个任务会执行,如果此处为false,则下一个任务会等待上一个任务执行完后,再开始执行
- */
- jobDetail.setConcurrent(false);
- jobDetail.setName("srd-chhliu");// 设置任务的名字
- jobDetail.setGroup("srd");// 设置任务的分组,这些属性都可以存储在数据库中,在多任务的时候使用
- /*
- * 为需要执行的实体类对应的对象
- */
- jobDetail.setTargetObject(task);
- /*
- * sayHello为需要执行的方法
- * 通过这几个配置,告诉JobDetailFactoryBean我们需要执行定时执行ScheduleTask类中的sayHello方法
- */
- jobDetail.setTargetMethod("sayHello");
- return jobDetail;
- }
- /**
- * attention:
- * Details:配置定时任务的触发器,也就是什么时候触发执行定时任务
- */
- @Bean(name = "jobTrigger")
- public CronTriggerFactoryBean cronJobTrigger(MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean jobDetail) {
- CronTriggerFactoryBean tigger = new CronTriggerFactoryBean();
- tigger.setJobDetail(jobDetail.getObject());
- tigger.setCronExpression("0 30 20 * * ?");// 初始时的cron表达式
- tigger.setName("srd-chhliu");// trigger的name
- return tigger;
- }
- /**
- * attention:
- * Details:定义quartz调度工厂
- */
- @Bean(name = "scheduler")
- public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactory(Trigger cronJobTrigger) {
- SchedulerFactoryBean bean = new SchedulerFactoryBean();
- // 用于quartz集群,QuartzScheduler 启动时更新己存在的Job
- bean.setOverwriteExistingJobs(true);
- // 延时启动,应用启动1秒后
- bean.setStartupDelay(1);
- // 注册触发器
- bean.setTriggers(cronJobTrigger);
- return bean;
- }
- }
- package com.chhliu.springboot.quartz.entity;
- import javax.annotation.Resource;
- import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder;
- import org.quartz.CronTrigger;
- import org.quartz.JobDetail;
- import org.quartz.Scheduler;
- import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
- import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
- import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
- import com.chhliu.springboot.quartz.repository.ConfigRepository;
- @Configuration
- @EnableScheduling
- @Component
- public class ScheduleRefreshDatabase {
- @Autowired
- private ConfigRepository repository;
- @Resource(name = "jobDetail")
- private JobDetail jobDetail;
- @Resource(name = "jobTrigger")
- private CronTrigger cronTrigger;
- @Resource(name = "scheduler")
- private Scheduler scheduler;
- @Scheduled(fixedRate = 5000) // 每隔5s查库,并根据查询结果决定是否重新设置定时任务
- public void scheduleUpdateCronTrigger() throws SchedulerException {
- CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(cronTrigger.getKey());
- String currentCron = trigger.getCronExpression();// 当前Trigger使用的
- String searchCron = repository.findOne(1L).getCron();// 从数据库查询出来的
- System.out.println(currentCron);
- System.out.println(searchCron);
- if (currentCron.equals(searchCron)) {
- // 如果当前使用的cron表达式和从数据库中查询出来的cron表达式一致,则不刷新任务
- } else {
- // 表达式调度构建器
- CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(searchCron);
- // 按新的cronExpression表达式重新构建trigger
- trigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(cronTrigger.getKey());
- trigger = trigger.getTriggerBuilder().withIdentity(cronTrigger.getKey())
- .withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build();
- // 按新的trigger重新设置job执行
- scheduler.rescheduleJob(cronTrigger.getKey(), trigger);
- currentCron = searchCron;
- }
- }
- }
1、data.sql
- insert into config(id,cron) values(1,'0 0/2 * * * ?'); # 每2分钟执行一次定时任务
- drop table config if exists;
- create table config(
- id bigint generated by default as identity,
- cron varchar(40),
- primary key(id)
- );
测试结果如下:(Quartz默认的线程池大小为10)
- 0 30 20 * * ?
- 0 0/2 * * * ?
- 2017-03-08 18:02:00.025 INFO 5328 --- [eduler_Worker-1] c.c.s.quartz.entity.ScheduleTask : Hello world, i'm the king of the world!!!
- 2017-03-08 18:04:00.003 INFO 5328 --- [eduler_Worker-2] c.c.s.quartz.entity.ScheduleTask : Hello world, i'm the king of the world!!!
- 2017-03-08 18:06:00.002 INFO 5328 --- [eduler_Worker-3] c.c.s.quartz.entity.ScheduleTask : Hello world, i'm the king of the world!!!
- 2017-03-08 18:08:00.002 INFO 5328 --- [eduler_Worker-4] c.c.s.quartz.entity.ScheduleTask : Hello world, i'm the king of the world!!!
虽然上面的解决方案没有使用Quartz推荐的方式完美,但基本上可以满足我们的需求,当然也可以采用触发事件的方式来实现,例如当前端修改定时任务的触发时间时,异步的向后台发送通知,后台收到通知后,然后再更新程序,也可以实现动态的定时任务刷新
前端调用方式------
GitHub
动态修改定时任务cron参数
- 不需要重启应用就可以动态的改变Cron表达式的值
- 不能使用@Scheduled(cron = “${jobs.cron}”)实现
动态定时任务类DynamicScheduledTask
package com.jege.spring.boot.task;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.scheduling.Trigger;
import org.springframework.scheduling.TriggerContext;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.SchedulingConfigurer;
import org.springframework.scheduling.config.ScheduledTaskRegistrar;
import org.springframework.scheduling.support.CronTrigger;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.jege.spring.boot.data.jpa.entity.User;
import com.jege.spring.boot.data.jpa.repository.UserRepository;
/**
* @author JE哥
* @email [email protected]
* @description:动态修改定时任务cron参数
*/
@Component
public class DynamicScheduledTask implements SchedulingConfigurer {
private static final SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss");
private static final String DEFAULT_CRON = "0/5 * * * * ?";
private String cron = DEFAULT_CRON;
@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;
@Override
public void configureTasks(ScheduledTaskRegistrar taskRegistrar) {
taskRegistrar.addTriggerTask(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
if (!cron.equals(DEFAULT_CRON)) {
User user = new User("je_ge", 20);
userRepository.save(user);
}
// 定时任务的业务逻辑
System.out.println("动态修改定时任务cron参数,当前时间:" + dateFormat.format(new Date()));
}
}, new Trigger() {
@Override
public Date nextExecutionTime(TriggerContext triggerContext) {
// 定时任务触发,可修改定时任务的执行周期
CronTrigger trigger = new CronTrigger(cron);
Date nextExecDate = trigger.nextExecutionTime(triggerContext);
return nextExecDate;
}
});
}
public void setCron(String cron) {
this.cron = cron;
}
}
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启动类Application添加@EnableScheduling标注
@EnableScheduling
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控制器UserController
@Autowired
DynamicScheduledTask dynamicScheduledTask;
// 更新动态任务时间
@RequestMapping("/updateDynamicScheduledTask")
@ResponseBody
public AjaxResult updateDynamicScheduledTask() {
dynamicScheduledTask.setCron("0/10 * * * * ?");
return new AjaxResult().success();
}
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user.jsp页面添加按钮方法
updateDynamicScheduledTask : function() {//动态修改定时任务
$.get("/user/updateDynamicScheduledTask", function(data) {
if (data.meta.success) {//动态修改定时任务成功
$.messager.alert('成功提示', "请重新刷新数据,有插入新的数据", 'info');
} else {
$.messager.alert('错误提示', data.meta.message, 'error');
}
}, 'json');
}
<a href="javascript:void(0)" class="easyui-linkbutton c8" iconCls="icon-search" data-url="updateDynamicScheduledTask">动态修改定时任务</a>
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其他关联项目
- Spring Boot 菜鸟教程 13 注解定时任务
http://blog.csdn.net/je_ge/article/details/53434227 - Spring Boot 菜鸟教程 7 EasyUI-datagrid
http://blog.csdn.net/je_ge/article/details/53365189
源码地址
https://github.com/je-ge/spring-boot