目录
1、CentOS7的环境安装
2、yum的简介
yum( Yellow dog Updater, Modified)是一个在 Fedora 和 RedHat 以及 SUSE 中的 Shell 前端软件包管理器。基于 RPM 包管理,能够从指定的服务器自动下载 RPM 包并且安装,可以自动处理依赖性关系,并且一次安装所有依赖的软件包,无须繁琐地一次次下载、安装。
3、yum源的更换
yum 提供了查找、安装、删除某一个、一组甚至全部软件包的命令,而且命令简洁而又好记。而安装Linux服务器的时候我们默认的yum源是国外的,这会导致我们无法访问,以至于无法使用我们的yum来安装软件,接下来我们就来讲解yum源的更换。
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3.1、修改yum源站点配置:
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo(清华的镜像库)
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.8/os/x86_64/
gpgcheck=1
#gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
gpgkey=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.8/os/x86_64/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.8/updates/x86_64/
gpgcheck=1
#gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
gpgkey=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.8/os/x86_64/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.8/extras/x86_64/
gpgcheck=1
#gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
gpgkey=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.8/os/x86_64/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.8/centosplus/x86_64/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
#gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
gpgkey=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.8/os/x86_64/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.8/contrib/x86_64/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
#gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
gpgkey=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/6.8/os/x86_64/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
3.2、修改
/etc/yum.conf文件,在其文件内容后追加sslverify=false即可
3.3、验证
执行yum install vim,出现进度条及就是显示成功(前提,打通外网)
4、yum 语法
yum [options] [command] [package ...]
- options:可选,选项包括-h(帮助),-y(当安装过程提示选择全部为 "yes"),-q(不显示安装的过程)等等。
- command:要进行的操作。
- package:安装的包名。
5、yum常用命令
1. 列出所有可更新的软件清单命令:yum check-update
2. 更新所有软件命令:yum update
3. 仅安装指定的软件命令:yum install <package_name>
4. 仅更新指定的软件命令:yum update <package_name>
5. 列出所有可安裝的软件清单命令:yum list
6. 删除软件包命令:yum remove <package_name>
7. 查找软件包命令:yum search <keyword>
8. 清除缓存命令:
- yum clean packages: 清除缓存目录下的软件包
- yum clean headers: 清除缓存目录下的 headers
- yum clean oldheaders: 清除缓存目录下旧的 headers
- yum clean, yum clean all (= yum clean packages; yum clean oldheaders) :清除缓存目录下的软件包及旧的 headers