Python3 --- 列表类型不同操作的时间效率

timeit模块
timeit模块可以用来测试一小段Python代码的执行速度。
class timeit.Timer(stmt='pass', setup='pass', timer=<timer function>)

Timer是测量小段代码执行速度的类。
stmt参数是要测试的代码语句（statment）；
setup参数是运行代码时需要的设置；
timer参数是一个定时器函数，与平台有关。
timeit.Timer.timeit(number=1000000)

Timer类中测试语句执行速度的对象方法。number参数是测试代码时的测试次数，默认为1000000次。方法返回执行代码的平均耗时，一个float类型的秒数。

list操作测试：

def test1():
   l = []
   for i in range(10000):
      l = l + [i]
def test2():
   l = []
   for i in range(10000):
      l.append(i)
def test3():
   l = [i for i in range(10000)]
def test4():
   l = list(range(10000))
def test5():
    l = []
    for i in range(10000):
        l.extend([i])

from timeit import Timer

t1 = Timer("test1()", "from __main__ import test1")
print("concat ",t1.timeit(number=1000), "seconds")
t2 = Timer("test2()", "from __main__ import test2")
print("append ",t2.timeit(number=1000), "seconds")
t3 = Timer("test3()", "from __main__ import test3")
print("comprehension ",t3.timeit(number=1000), "seconds")
t4 = Timer("test4()", "from __main__ import test4")
print("list range ",t4.timeit(number=1000), "seconds")
t5 = Timer("test5()", "from __main__ import test5")
print("list extend ",t5.timeit(number=1000), "seconds")

测试结果：

concat  311.12743681273 seconds
append  1.3331949470710924 seconds
comprehension  0.6125603750695632 seconds
list range  0.3800052549146926 seconds
list extend  1.873306778224105 seconds