java 发送post请求的2种方式（form、json）

 

java 发送post请求的2种方式（form、json）

CreationTime--2018年6月20日10点15分

Author:Marydon

方式一：以form表单形式提交数据

1.所需jar包

　　commons-logging-1.1.1.jar

　　httpclient-4.5.jar

　　httpcore-4.4.1.jar

2.代码实现

　　客户端如何发送请求？

　　导入

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

/**
 * 以form表单形式提交数据，发送post请求
 * @explain 
 *   1.请求头：httppost.setHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
 *   2.提交的数据格式：key1=value1&key2=value2...
 * @param url 请求地址
 * @param paramsMap 具体数据
 * @return 服务器返回数据
 */
public static String httpPostWithForm(String url,Map<String, String> paramsMap){
    // 用于接收返回的结果
    String resultData ="";
     try {
            HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
            List<BasicNameValuePair> pairList = new ArrayList<BasicNameValuePair>();
            // 迭代Map-->取出key,value放到BasicNameValuePair对象中-->添加到list中
            for (String key : paramsMap.keySet()) {
                pairList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, paramsMap.get(key)));
            }
            UrlEncodedFormEntity uefe = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(pairList, "utf-8");
            post.setEntity(uefe); 
            // 创建一个http客户端
            CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
            // 发送post请求
            HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(post);
            
            // 状态码为：200
            if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK){
                // 返回数据：
                resultData = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8");
            }else{
                throw new RuntimeException("接口连接失败！");
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("接口连接失败！");
        }
     return resultData;
}　　

　　服务器端如何接收客户端传递的数据？

　　request.getParameter("key")

3.客户端调用测试

public static void main(String[] args) {
    String requestUrl = "http://localhost:8070/test/rz/server/rzxx/at_VaildToken.do";
    Map<String, String> paramsMap = new HashMap<String, String>(1);
    paramsMap.put("un_value", "B022420184794C7C9D5096CC5F3AE7D2");
    // 发送post请求并接收返回结果
    String resultData = httpPostWithForm(requestUrl, paramsMap);
    System.out.println(resultData);
}

方式二：以JSONObject形式提交数据

1.所需jar包

　　commons-httpclient-3.0.jar

　　commons-codec-1.9.jar

　　commons-logging-1.1.1.jar 

2.代码实现

　　客户端如何发送请求？

　　导入

import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.StringRequestEntity;

/**
 * 以json格式字符串形式提交数据，发送post请求
 * @explain 
 *     1.请求头：httppost.setHeader("Content-Type","application/json")
 *  2.提交的数据格式："{"key1":"value1","key2":"value2",...}"
 * @param jsonStr
 *            json字符串
 * @return 服务器返回数据
 */
public static String sendPostWithJson(String url, String jsonStr) {
    // 用于接收返回的结果
    String jsonResult = "";
    try {
        HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
        client.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams().setConnectionTimeout(3000); // //设置连接超时
        client.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams().setSoTimeout(180000); // //设置读取数据超时
        client.getParams().setContentCharset("UTF-8");
        PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(url);
        postMethod.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
        // 非空
        if (null != jsonStr && !"".equals(jsonStr)) {
            StringRequestEntity requestEntity = new StringRequestEntity(jsonStr, "application/json", "UTF-8");
            postMethod.setRequestEntity(requestEntity);
        }
        int status = client.executeMethod(postMethod);
        if (status == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
            jsonResult = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
        } else {
            throw new RuntimeException("接口连接失败！");
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new RuntimeException("接口连接失败！");
    }
    return jsonResult;
}

　　服务器端如何接收客户端传递的数据？

3.客户端调用测试

public static void main(String[] args) {
    String requestUrl = "http://localhost:8070/test/rz/server/rzxx/at_VaildToken.do";
    String jsonStr = "{\"un_value\":\"B022420184794C7C9D5096CC5F3AE7D2\"}";
    // 发送post请求并接收返回结果
    String resultData = sendPostWithJson(requestUrl, jsonStr);
    System.out.println(resultData);
}

4.服务端接收测试

　　 

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