前言:
在前面的章节中,微服务架构中,每一个微服务都需要暴漏,不同的url,不同的端口,没有一个统一的入口,这样设计显然不合理,网关的一个功能就是实现一个统一的入口,所有请求经过网关,然后网关统一代理到各个微服务,并且能实现负载均衡的功能。
代码:
工程构造如下;
工程的pom.xml文件:用的springboot2.0
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.xhx.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>springcloud10-zuul</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <modules> <module>eureka-server</module> <module>eureka-service</module> <module>eureka-feign</module> <module>zuul-service</module> </modules> <packaging>pom</packaging> <name>springcloud10-zuul</name> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RC2</spring-cloud.version> </properties> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version> </parent> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <repositories> <repository> <id>spring-milestones</id> <name>Spring Milestones</name> <url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-milestone</url> <snapshots> <enabled>false</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories> </project>
创建一个Eureka微服务module:
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <groupId>com.xhx.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>springcloud10-zuul</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId> <name>eureka-server</name> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
application.yml
server: port: 8761 eureka: instance: hostname: localhost client: register-with-eureka: false fetch-registry: false service-url: default-zone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka
启动类:
package com.xhx.springcloud; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer; @SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaServer public class EurekaServerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args); } }
创建一个服务端微服务module
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>eureka-service</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>eureka-service</name> <parent> <groupId>com.xhx.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>springcloud10-zuul</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
application.yml
server: port: 8082 eureka: client: service-url: default-zone: http://localhost:8761/eureka spring: application: name: eureka-service
controller类:
package com.xhx.springcloud.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import javax.validation.Valid; /** * xuhaixing * 2018/6/3 16:18 */ @RestController @RequestMapping(value = "hello") public class HelloController { @Value("${server.port}") private String port; @RequestMapping(value = "getName") public String getName(@RequestParam("name") String name){ return name+port; } }
启动类:
package com.xhx.springcloud; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient; @SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaClient public class EurekaServiceApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(EurekaServiceApplication.class, args); } }
创建一个微服务消费者module:
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.xhx.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>eureka-feign</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>eureka-feign</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>com.xhx.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>springcloud10-zuul</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId> spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
application.yml
server: port: 8085 eureka: client: service-url: default-zone: http://localhost:8761/eureka spring: application: name: eureka-feign feign: hystrix: enabled: true
feign api
package com.xhx.springcloud.api; import com.xhx.springcloud.hystrix.HelloFeignHystrix; import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; /** * xuhaixing * 2018/6/5 16:51 */ @FeignClient(value = "EUREKA-SERVICE",path = "hello", fallback =HelloFeignHystrix.class) public interface HelloFeign { @RequestMapping(value = "getName") public String getName(@RequestParam("name") String name);//@RequestParam 必须加上,否则可能会接不到参数 }
hystrix
package com.xhx.springcloud.hystrix; import com.xhx.springcloud.api.HelloFeign; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /** * xuhaixing * 2018/6/6 13:36 */ @Component public class HelloFeignHystrix implements HelloFeign { @Override public String getName(String name) { return "请求第三方api错误"; } }
controller
package com.xhx.springcloud.controller; import com.netflix.discovery.converters.Auto; import com.xhx.springcloud.api.HelloFeign; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.EnableHystrix; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; /** * xuhaixing * 2018/6/3 16:27 */ @RestController @EnableEurekaClient @EnableHystrix public class RibbionController { @Autowired private HelloFeign helloFeign; @RequestMapping(value = "getName") public String getName(String name){ return helloFeign.getName(name); } }
启动类:
package com.xhx.springcloud; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient; import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients; @SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaClient @EnableFeignClients //启用feign public class EurekaFeignApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(EurekaFeignApplication.class, args); } }
下面创建网关:
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>springcloud10-zuul</artifactId> <groupId>com.xhx.springcloud</groupId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>zuul-service</artifactId> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
application.yml,暂时什么都不配置
server: port: 8090 eureka: client: service-url: default-zone: http://localhost:8761/eureka spring: application: name: zuul-service
启动类:
package com.xhx.springcloud; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy; /** * xuhaixing * 2018/6/11 16:39 */ @EnableEurekaClient @EnableZuulProxy @SpringBootApplication public class ZuulServiceApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ZuulServiceApplication.class,args); } }
这几个服务都启动,启动微服务服务端,改下端口号,启动两个实例,访问eureka http://localhost:8761/
下面通过网关访问微服务:
localhost:8090/eureka-feign/getName 访问服务消费者的getName方法,服务名称必须是小写,多访问几次,会发现自带负载均衡功能
访问eureka时还需要直接带上微服务的名称这样明显不好,这一节些实现基本功能,下一节进行网关配置。