一、DelayQueue并发工具
无界的BlockingQueue,用于放置实现了Delayed
接口的对象,其中的对象只能在其到期时才能从队列中取走。这种队列是有序的,即队头对象的延迟到期的时间最长。如果没有任何延迟到期 ,那么就不会有任何头元素,并且poll()
将返回nul
l。(正因为这样,不能将null
放置到这种队列中)
1.1 代码分析
package myThread;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS;
import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS;
class DelayedTask implements Runnable,Delayed {
private static int counter=0;
private final int id=counter++;
private final int delta; //以毫秒为存储单位
private final long trigger;
//保存任务创建的顺序
protected static List<DelayedTask> sequence =new ArrayList<>();
public DelayedTask(int delayInMilliseconds){
delta=delayInMilliseconds;
//System.nanoTime() 纳秒
trigger=System.nanoTime()+NANOSECONDS.convert(delta,MILLISECONDS);
sequence.add(this);
}
@Override
//getDelay(TimeUnit unit)返回与此对象相关的剩余延迟时间,以给定的时间单位表示
//延迟到期有多长时间
public long getDelay(TimeUnit unit) {
// convert(long duration, TimeUnit unit) 将给定单元的时间段转换到此单元
return unit.convert(trigger-System.nanoTime(),NANOSECONDS);
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Delayed o) {
DelayedTask that=(DelayedTask) o;
if(trigger>that.trigger) return -1;
if(trigger<that.trigger) return 1;
return 0;
}
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(this+" ");
}
public String toString(){
return String.format("[%1$-4d]",delta)+" Task "+id;
}
public String summary(){
return "("+id+":"+delta+")";
}
//内部类
public static class EndSentinel extends DelayedTask{
private ExecutorService executorService;
public EndSentinel(int delayInMilliseconds, ExecutorService executorService) {
super(delayInMilliseconds);
this.executorService = executorService;
}
public void run(){
for(DelayedTask delayedTask:sequence){
System.out.print(delayedTask.summary()+" ");
}
System.out.println();
System.out.println(this+" calling shutdownNow");
executorService.shutdownNow();
}
}
}
class DelayedTaskConsumer implements Runnable{
private DelayQueue<DelayedTask> delayedTasks;
public DelayedTaskConsumer(DelayQueue<DelayedTask> delayedTasks) {
this.delayedTasks = delayedTasks;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try{
while (!Thread.interrupted()){
delayedTasks.take().run();
}
}catch (InterruptedException e){
}
System.out.println("Finished DelayedTaskConsumer");
}
}
public class DelayQueueDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Random random = new Random();
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
DelayQueue<DelayedTask> queue=new DelayQueue<>();
for (int i = 0; i <20 ; i++) {
//put 将指定元素添加到此延迟队列中
queue.put(new DelayedTask(random.nextInt(5000)));
}
queue.add(new DelayedTask.EndSentinel(5000,executorService));
executorService.execute(new DelayedTaskConsumer(queue));
}
}
输出结果:
(0:548) (1:4224) (2:2090) (3:3748) (4:1518) (5:3604) (6:1094) (7:3385) (8:634) (9:4658) (10:3065) (11:285) (12:1545) (13:799) (14:4378) (15:791) (16:4499) (17:2117) (18:3305) (19:745) (20:5000)
[5000] Task 20 calling shutdownNow
Finished DelayedTaskConsumer