文件上传异常
现象
上传文件会报如下错误
2023-06-16 14:11:36 -Failed to parse multipart servlet request; nested exception is java.io.IOException: The temporary upload location [/tmp/tomcat.118932910164342315.9180/work/Tomcat/localhost/ROOT] is not valid
org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartException: Failed to parse multipart servlet request; nested exception is java.io.IOException: The temporary upload location [/tmp/tomcat.118932910164342315.9180/work/Tomcat/localhost/ROOT] is not valid
at org.springframework.web.multipart.support.StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest.handleParseFailure(StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest.java:122)
at org.springframework.web.multipart.support.StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest.parseRequest(StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest.java:113)
at org.springframework.web.multipart.support.StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest.<init>(StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest.java:86)
at org.springframework.web.multipart.support.StandardServletMultipartResolver.resolveMultipart(StandardServletMultipartResolver.java:93)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.checkMultipart(DispatcherServlet.java:1128)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:960)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:925)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:974)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:877)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:661)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:851)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:742)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ProxiedFilterChain.doFilter(ProxiedFilterChain.java:61)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.executeChain(AdviceFilter.java:108)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AdviceFilter.doFilterInternal(AdviceFilter.java:137)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:125)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ProxiedFilterChain.doFilter(ProxiedFilterChain.java:66)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter.executeChain(AbstractShiroFilter.java:449)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter$1.call(AbstractShiroFilter.java:365)
at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.SubjectCallable.doCall(SubjectCallable.java:90)
at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.SubjectCallable.call(SubjectCallable.java:83)
at org.apache.shiro.subject.support.DelegatingSubject.execute(DelegatingSubject.java:383)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.AbstractShiroFilter.doFilterInternal(AbstractShiroFilter.java:362)
at org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:125)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at com.soft863.system.filter.AllowOriginFilter.doFilterInternal(AllowOriginFilter.java:39)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter.doFilter(WebStatFilter.java:123)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at com.soft863.system.filter.AllowOriginFilter.doFilterInternal(AllowOriginFilter.java:39)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:99)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.web.filter.HttpPutFormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(HttpPutFormContentFilter.java:109)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:93)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:200)
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:198)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:496)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:140)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:81)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:87)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:342)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:803)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:790)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1468)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: java.io.IOException: The temporary upload location [/tmp/tomcat.118932910164342315.9180/work/Tomcat/localhost/ROOT] is not valid
at org.apache.catalina.connector.Request.parseParts(Request.java:2859)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.Request.parseParameters(Request.java:3232)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.Request.getParameter(Request.java:1137)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.RequestFacade.getParameter(RequestFacade.java:381)
at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:84)
... 23 common frames omitted
原因及解决方案
原因
该问题经常出现在Linux操作系统中，因为Springboot(其实应该是tomcat)处理带有文件的请求时，是先将文件存放在临时目录当中，这个临时目录是在容器启动的时候指定的，默认在临时文件夹下，有时候操作系统将临时目录清掉之后，就会出现java.io.IOException: The temporary upload location [/tmp/tomcat.118932910164342315.9180/work/Tomcat/localhost/ROOT] is not valid这个异常。
解决方案
通过配置文件指定临时文件存放的路径
spring:
servlet:
location: /opt/creg/temp_file
如果是tomcat部署的修改context.xml文件
<Context ...>
...
<Parameter name="javax.servlet.context.tempdir" value="/xxx/yyy/....."
override="false"/>
...
</Context>
阅读源码掌握报错的根因
首先当一个post请求到来之后，DispatcherServlet会通过下面的方法检测content-type是否是multipart，如果是调用StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest来处理这个请求，入口在return this.multipartResolver.resolveMultipart(request);
protected HttpServletRequest checkMultipart(HttpServletRequest request) throws MultipartException {
if (this.multipartResolver != null && this.multipartResolver.isMultipart(request)) {
if (WebUtils.getNativeRequest(request, MultipartHttpServletRequest.class) != null) {
if (request.getDispatcherType().equals(DispatcherType.REQUEST)) {
this.logger.trace("Request already resolved to MultipartHttpServletRequest, e.g. by MultipartFilter");
}
} else if (this.hasMultipartException(request)) {
this.logger.debug("Multipart resolution previously failed for current request - skipping re-resolution for undisturbed error rendering");
} else {
try {
return this.multipartResolver.resolveMultipart(request);
} catch (MultipartException var3) {
if (request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.exception") == null) {
throw var3;
}
}
this.logger.debug("Multipart resolution failed for error dispatch", var3);
}
}
return request;
}
下面我们来看一下StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest是怎么处理的
private void parseRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
try {
Collection<Part> parts = request.getParts();
this.multipartParameterNames = new LinkedHashSet(parts.size());
MultiValueMap<String, MultipartFile> files = new LinkedMultiValueMap(parts.size());
Iterator var4 = parts.iterator();
while(var4.hasNext()) {
Part part = (Part)var4.next();
String headerValue = part.getHeader("Content-Disposition");
ContentDisposition disposition = ContentDisposition.parse(headerValue);
String filename = disposition.getFilename();
if (filename != null) {
if (filename.startsWith("=?") && filename.endsWith("?=")) {
filename = StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest.MimeDelegate.decode(filename);
}
files.add(part.getName(), new StandardMultipartHttpServletRequest.StandardMultipartFile(part, filename));
} else {
this.multipartParameterNames.add(part.getName());
}
}
this.setMultipartFiles(files);
} catch (Throwable var9) {
this.handleParseFailure(var9);
}
}
整体处理在上面这一块代码，而处理文件主要在第一句即Collection parts = request.getParts();这个getParts方法在tomcat运行时org.apache.catalina.connector下面，获取临时文件路径主要是下面这一段，如果你没有指定location，就会默认在临时文件夹下面，指定了就会在你指定的路径下面
File location;
if (locationStr != null && locationStr.length() != 0) {
location = new File(locationStr);
if (!location.isAbsolute()) {
location = (new File((File)context.getServletContext().getAttribute("javax.servlet.context.tempdir"), locationStr)).getAbsoluteFile();
}
} else {
location = (File)context.getServletContext().getAttribute("javax.servlet.context.tempdir");
}
if (!location.exists() && context.getCreateUploadTargets()) {
log.warn(sm.getString("coyoteRequest.uploadCreate", new Object[]{
location.getAbsolutePath(), this.getMappingData().wrapper.getName()}));
if (!location.mkdirs()) {
log.warn(sm.getString("coyoteRequest.uploadCreateFail", new Object[]{
location.getAbsolutePath()}));
}
}