在开发过程中，都会遇到获取IP或MAC地址的情况，那么如何在代码层面实现获取呢？接下来就为大家从代码层面介绍获取的方式。
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.LineNumberReader;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
/**
* 获取客户端ip和mac地址
*
* @date 2023/06/27
*/
@Slf4j
public final class IpMacUtil {
private IpMacUtil() {
}
/**
* 获取用户真实IP地址，不使用request.getRemoteAddr();的原因是有可能用户使用了代理软件方式避免真实IP地址,
* 参考文章： http://developer.51cto.com/art/201111/305181.htm
* <p>
* 可是，如果通过了多级反向代理的话，X-Forwarded-For的值并不止一个，而是一串IP值，究竟哪个才是真正的用户端的真实IP呢？
* 答案是取X-Forwarded-For中第一个非unknown的有效IP字符串。
* <p>
* 如：X-Forwarded-For：192.168.1.110, 192.168.1.120, 192.168.1.130,
* 192.168.1.100
* <p>
* 用户真实IP为： 192.168.1.110
*
* @param request
* @return
*/
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public static String getIpAddress(HttpServletRequest request) {
String ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
}
return ip;
}
/**
* 获取客户端IP，支持反向代理，如nginx，但不支持正向代理，比如客户端浏览器自己使用代理工具
*
* @param request 请求
* @return 客户端IP
*/
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public static String getClientIP(HttpServletRequest request) {
String ip = request.getHeader("X-Real-IP");
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
}
return ip;
}
/**
* 从类unix机器上获取mac地址
*
* @param ip ipv4地址
* @return mac
*/
public static String getMacInLinux(String ip) {
String mac = "";
if (ip != null) {
try {
Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("arp " + ip);
InputStreamReader ir = new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream());
LineNumberReader input = new LineNumberReader(ir);
String line;
StringBuffer s = new StringBuffer();
while ((line = input.readLine()) != null) {
s.append(line);
}
mac = s.toString();
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(mac)) {
mac = mac.substring(mac.indexOf(":") - 2, mac.lastIndexOf(":") + 3);
}
return mac;
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("---> 获取mac地址错误：{}", e.getMessage());
}
}
return mac;
}
/**
* 从windows机器上获取mac地址
*
* @param ip ipv4地址
* @return mac
*/
public static String getMacInWindows(final String ip) {
String result;
String[] cmd = {
"cmd", "/c", "ping " + ip};
String[] another = {
"cmd", "/c", "ipconfig -all"};
// 获取执行命令后的result
String cmdResult = callCmd(cmd, another);
// 从上一步的结果中获取mac地址
result = filterMacAddress(ip, cmdResult, "-");
return result;
}
/**
* 命令执行
*
* @param cmd 命令
* @param another another
* @return 结果
*/
public static String callCmd(String[] cmd, String[] another) {
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
String line;
try {
Runtime rt = Runtime.getRuntime();
// 执行第一个命令
Process proc = rt.exec(cmd);
proc.waitFor();
// 执行第二个命令
proc = rt.exec(another);
InputStreamReader is = new InputStreamReader(proc.getInputStream());
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(is);
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
result.append(line);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("---> 执行获取mac地址命令错误：{}", e.getMessage());
}
return result.toString();
}
/**
* 获取mac地址
*
* @param ip ip地址
* @param sourceString s
* @param macSeparator s
* @return mac
*/
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public static String filterMacAddress(final String ip, final String sourceString, final String macSeparator) {
String result = "";
String regExp = "((([0-9,A-F,a-f]{1,2}" + macSeparator + "){1,5})[0-9,A-F,a-f]{1,2})";
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regExp);
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(sourceString);
while (matcher.find()) {
result = matcher.group(1);
// 因计算机多网卡问题，截取紧靠IP后的第一个mac地址
//int num = sourceString.indexOf(ip) - sourceString.indexOf(": " + result + " ");
//if (num > 0 && num < 300) {
//break;
//}
if (sourceString.indexOf(ip) <= sourceString.lastIndexOf(matcher.group(1))) {
break; //如果有多个IP,只匹配本IP对应的Mac.
}
}
return result;
}
public static String commond(String cmd) throws IOException {
Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);
InputStream inputStream = process.getInputStream();
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
String line = null;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
stringBuilder.append(line);
}
return stringBuilder.toString();
}
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public static String getMacByIP(String ipAddress) {
try {
String result;
// 获取当前系统
String os = System.getProperty("os.name");
if (os.toLowerCase().startsWith("win")) {
result = commond("ping -n 2 " + ipAddress);
if (result.contains("TTL") || result.contains("Ping")) {
result = commond("arp -a " + ipAddress);
}
} else {
result = commond("ping -c 2 " + ipAddress);
if (result.contains("TTL") || result.contains("ttl") || result.contains("statistics")) {
result = commond("arp -a " + ipAddress);
}
}
String regExp = "([0-9A-Fa-f]{2})([-:][0-9A-Fa-f]{2}){5}";
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regExp);
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(result);
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
while (matcher.find()) {
String temp = matcher.group();
stringBuilder.append(temp);
}
return stringBuilder.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
return null;
}
}
}