之前介绍的automake貌似工序过于复杂，在这里其实是没有必要做这么复杂的工作的，完全可以将其抽象成一个模板性质的脚本将各个工序都集中到脚本里面，使用者只需要稍微修改自己的配置文件即可，直白点就是使用autogen.sh，相信这个脚本在很多的开源代码甚至网上的帖子讨论中都已经泛滥了。在此也使用这个脚本，然后再代码中只需要补充上configure.ac和Makefile.am文件即可。具体流程如下所示：
1.准备文件
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir autogen_test
[root@localhost ~]# cd autogen_test/
[root@localhost autogen_test]# mkdir src
[root@localhost autogen_test]# cd src/
[root@localhost src]# vim auto_test.c
[root@localhost src]# cat auto_test.c
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("auto make test\n");
return 0;
}
[root@localhost src]# vim Makefile.am
[root@localhost src]# cat Makefile.am
bin_PROGRAMS=auto_test
auto_test_SOURCES=auto_test.c
auto_test_LDADD=
LIBS=-lm
INCLUDES=-I/usr/include
[root@localhost src]# cd ..
[root@localhost autogen_test]# vim Makefile.am
[root@localhost autogen_test]# cat Makefile.am
SUBDIRS = src
.PHONY: auto_clean
auto_clean: distclean
find . -name Makefile.in -exec rm -f {} \;
rm -rf autom4te.cache
rm -f missing aclocal.m4 config.h.in config.guess config.sub ltmain.sh install-sh configure depcomp compile
[root@localhost autogen_test]# vim autogen.sh
[root@localhost autogen_test]# cat autogen.sh
#!/bin/sh
echo
echo ... auto_test autogen ...
echo
## Check all dependencies are present
MISSING=""
# Check for aclocal
env aclocal --version > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
ACLOCAL=aclocal
else
MISSING="$MISSING aclocal"
fi
# Check for autoconf
env autoconf --version > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
AUTOCONF=autoconf
else
MISSING="$MISSING autoconf"
fi
# Check for autoheader
env autoheader --version > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
AUTOHEADER=autoheader
else
MISSING="$MISSING autoheader"
fi
# Check for automake
env automake --version > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
AUTOMAKE=automake
else
MISSING="$MISSING automake"
fi
# Check for libtoolize or glibtoolize
env libtoolize --version > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
# libtoolize was found, so use it
TOOL=libtoolize
else
# libtoolize wasn't found, so check for glibtoolize
env glibtoolize --version > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
TOOL=glibtoolize
else
MISSING="$MISSING libtoolize/glibtoolize"
fi
fi
# Check for tar
env tar -cf /dev/null /dev/null > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
MISSING="$MISSING tar"
fi
## If dependencies are missing, warn the user and abort
if [ "x$MISSING" != "x" ]; then
echo "Aborting."
echo
echo "The following build tools are missing:"
echo
for pkg in $MISSING; do
echo " * $pkg"
done
echo
echo "Please install them and try again."
echo
exit 1
fi
## Do the autogeneration
echo Running ${ACLOCAL}...
$ACLOCAL
echo Running ${AUTOHEADER}...
$AUTOHEADER
echo Running ${TOOL}...
$TOOL --automake --copy --force
echo Running ${AUTOCONF}...
$AUTOCONF
echo Running ${AUTOMAKE}...
$AUTOMAKE --add-missing --force-missing --copy --foreign
# Run autogen in the argp-standalone sub-directory
#echo "Running autogen.sh in argp-standalone ..."
#( cd contrib/argp-standalone;./autogen.sh )
# Instruct user on next steps
echo
echo "Please proceed with configuring, compiling, and installing."
[root@localhost autogen_test]# vim configure.ac
[root@localhost autogen_test]# cat configure.ac
# -*- Autoconf -*-
# Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script.
AC_PREREQ([2.69])
AC_INIT([auto_test],[1.0],[[email protected]])
AC_SUBST([PACKAGE_RELEASE],[1.0],[[email protected]])
AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE(auto_test,1.0)
AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([src/auto_test.c])
AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([config.h])
AC_CONFIG_FILES([Makefile
src/Makefile])
# Checks for programs.
AC_PROG_CC
AC_PROG_LIBTOOL
# Checks for libraries.
# Checks for header files.
AC_CHECK_HEADERS([stddef.h string.h])
# Checks for typedefs, structures, and compiler characteristics.
AC_HEADER_STDBOOL
AC_TYPE_SIZE_T
# Checks for library functions.
AC_FUNC_REALLOC
AC_CHECK_FUNCS([memset socket])
AC_OUTPUT
[root@localhost autogen_test]# tree
.
|-- autogen.sh
|-- configure.ac
|-- Makefile.am
`-- src
|-- auto_test.c
`-- Makefile.am
1 directory, 5 files
[root@localhost autogen_test]#截止到这里所有的文件都已经创建好了，也就是说前期的准备就可以了，后续只需要运行脚本就可以生成Makefile文件了
2.生成Makefile
[root@localhost autogen_test]# ./autogen.sh ... auto_test autogen ... Running aclocal... Running autoheader... Running libtoolize... Running autoconf... Running automake... configure.ac:9: warning: AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE: two- and three-arguments forms are deprecated. For more info, see: configure.ac:9: http://www.gnu.org/software/automake/manual/automake.html#Modernize-AM_005fINIT_005fAUTOMAKE-invocation configure.ac:17: installing './config.guess' configure.ac:17: installing './config.sub' configure.ac:9: installing './install-sh' configure.ac:9: installing './missing' src/Makefile.am:5: warning: 'INCLUDES' is the old name for 'AM_CPPFLAGS' (or '*_CPPFLAGS') src/Makefile.am: installing './depcomp' Please proceed with configuring, compiling, and installing. [root@localhost autogen_test]# ll total 1224 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 346593 Jan 19 10:47 aclocal.m4 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1986 Jan 18 15:22 autogen.sh drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 19 10:47 autom4te.cache -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 45297 Jan 19 10:47 config.guess -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2278 Jan 19 10:47 config.h.in -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 35533 Jan 19 10:47 config.sub -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 415594 Jan 19 10:47 configure -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 708 Jan 18 16:03 configure.ac -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 23566 Jan 19 10:47 depcomp -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 13997 Jan 19 10:47 install-sh -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 283474 Jan 19 10:47 ltmain.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 229 Jan 19 10:45 Makefile.am -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 24704 Jan 19 10:47 Makefile.in -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6873 Jan 19 10:47 missing drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 19 10:47 src [root@localhost autogen_test]# ./configure checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c checking whether build environment is sane... yes checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /usr/bin/mkdir -p checking for gawk... gawk checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes checking whether make supports nested variables... yes checking for gcc... gcc checking whether the C compiler works... yes checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out checking for suffix of executables... checking whether we are cross compiling... no checking for suffix of object files... o checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed checking for style of include used by make... GNU checking dependency style of gcc... gcc3 checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking how to print strings... printf checking for a sed that does not truncate output... /usr/bin/sed checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /usr/bin/grep checking for egrep... /usr/bin/grep -E checking for fgrep... /usr/bin/grep -F checking for ld used by gcc... /usr/bin/ld checking if the linker (/usr/bin/ld) is GNU ld... yes checking for BSD- or MS-compatible name lister (nm)... /usr/bin/nm -B checking the name lister (/usr/bin/nm -B) interface... BSD nm checking whether ln -s works... yes checking the maximum length of command line arguments... 1572864 checking whether the shell understands some XSI constructs... yes checking whether the shell understands "+="... yes checking how to convert x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu file names to x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu format... func_convert_file_noop checking how to convert x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu file names to toolchain format... func_convert_file_noop checking for /usr/bin/ld option to reload object files... -r checking for objdump... objdump checking how to recognize dependent libraries... pass_all checking for dlltool... no checking how to associate runtime and link libraries... printf %s\n checking for ar... ar checking for archiver @FILE support... @ checking for strip... strip checking for ranlib... ranlib checking command to parse /usr/bin/nm -B output from gcc object... ok checking for sysroot... no checking for mt... no checking if : is a manifest tool... no checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E checking for ANSI C header files... yes checking for sys/types.h... yes checking for sys/stat.h... yes checking for stdlib.h... yes checking for string.h... yes checking for memory.h... yes checking for strings.h... yes checking for inttypes.h... yes checking for stdint.h... yes checking for unistd.h... yes checking for dlfcn.h... yes checking for objdir... .libs checking if gcc supports -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions... no checking for gcc option to produce PIC... -fPIC -DPIC checking if gcc PIC flag -fPIC -DPIC works... yes checking if gcc static flag -static works... no checking if gcc supports -c -o file.o... yes checking if gcc supports -c -o file.o... (cached) yes checking whether the gcc linker (/usr/bin/ld -m elf_x86_64) supports shared libraries... yes checking whether -lc should be explicitly linked in... no checking dynamic linker characteristics... GNU/Linux ld.so checking how to hardcode library paths into programs... immediate checking whether stripping libraries is possible... yes checking if libtool supports shared libraries... yes checking whether to build shared libraries... yes checking whether to build static libraries... yes checking stddef.h usability... yes checking stddef.h presence... yes checking for stddef.h... yes checking for string.h... (cached) yes checking for stdbool.h that conforms to C99... yes checking for _Bool... yes checking for size_t... yes checking for stdlib.h... (cached) yes checking for GNU libc compatible realloc... yes checking for memset... yes checking for socket... yes checking that generated files are newer than configure... done configure: creating ./config.status config.status: creating Makefile config.status: creating src/Makefile config.status: creating config.h config.status: executing depfiles commands config.status: executing libtool commands [root@localhost autogen_test]# ll total 1644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 346593 Jan 19 10:47 aclocal.m4 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1986 Jan 18 15:22 autogen.sh drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 19 10:47 autom4te.cache -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 45297 Jan 19 10:47 config.guess -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2504 Jan 19 10:48 config.h -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2278 Jan 19 10:47 config.h.in -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25756 Jan 19 10:48 config.log -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 61429 Jan 19 10:48 config.status -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 35533 Jan 19 10:47 config.sub -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 415594 Jan 19 10:47 configure -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 708 Jan 18 16:03 configure.ac -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 23566 Jan 19 10:47 depcomp -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 13997 Jan 19 10:47 install-sh -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 292999 Jan 19 10:48 libtool -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 283474 Jan 19 10:47 ltmain.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 24843 Jan 19 10:48 Makefile -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 229 Jan 19 10:45 Makefile.am -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 24704 Jan 19 10:47 Makefile.in -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6873 Jan 19 10:47 missing drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jan 19 10:48 src -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23 Jan 19 10:48 stamp-h1 [root@localhost autogen_test]#到这里就生成了Makefile文件，所有的都是直接运行脚本自动生成的。
3.编译 测试
[root@localhost autogen_test]# make
make all-recursive
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/mycode/autogen_test'
Making all in src
make[2]: Entering directory `/home/mycode/autogen_test/src'
gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I.. -I/usr/include -g -O2 -MT auto_test.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/auto_test.Tpo -c -o auto_test.o auto_test.c
mv -f .deps/auto_test.Tpo .deps/auto_test.Po
/bin/sh ../libtool --tag=CC --mode=link gcc -g -O2 -o auto_test auto_test.o -lm
libtool: link: gcc -g -O2 -o auto_test auto_test.o -lm
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/mycode/autogen_test/src'
make[2]: Entering directory `/home/mycode/autogen_test'
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/mycode/autogen_test'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/mycode/autogen_test'
[root@localhost autogen_test]# ll src/
total 68
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 11048 Jan 19 10:49 auto_test
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 81 Jan 18 15:11 auto_test.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5992 Jan 19 10:49 auto_test.o
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18522 Jan 19 10:48 Makefile
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 103 Jan 18 15:16 Makefile.am
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18875 Jan 19 10:47 Makefile.in
[root@localhost autogen_test]# ./src/auto_test
auto make test
[root@localhost autogen_test]# make auto_clean
Making distclean in src
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/mycode/autogen_test/src'
rm -f auto_test
rm -rf .libs _libs
rm -f *.o
rm -f *.lo
rm -f *.tab.c
test -z "" || rm -f
test . = "." || test -z "" || rm -f
rm -f TAGS ID GTAGS GRTAGS GSYMS GPATH tags
rm -rf ./.deps
rm -f Makefile
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/mycode/autogen_test/src'
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/mycode/autogen_test'
rm -rf .libs _libs
rm -f *.lo
test -z "" || rm -f
test . = "." || test -z "" || rm -f
rm -f config.h stamp-h1
rm -f libtool config.lt
rm -f TAGS ID GTAGS GRTAGS GSYMS GPATH tags
rm -f cscope.out cscope.in.out cscope.po.out cscope.files
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/mycode/autogen_test'
rm -f config.status config.cache config.log configure.lineno config.status.lineno
rm -f Makefile
find . -name Makefile.in -exec rm -f {} \;
rm -rf autom4te.cache
rm -f missing aclocal.m4 config.h.in config.guess config.sub ltmain.sh install-sh configure depcomp compile
[root@localhost autogen_test]# tree
.
|-- autogen.sh
|-- configure.ac
|-- Makefile.am
`-- src
|-- auto_test.c
`-- Makefile.am
1 directory, 5 files
[root@localhost autogen_test]# 测试成功，makefi文件可以正常使用，这里就可以将其抽象成一个模板性质的东西，也就是说以后要用的时候只需要修改配置文件configure.ac以及src/Makefile.am即可，自己的代码可以任意的填充，当然多目录的也是如此只需要增加相应的目录以及对于的Makefile.am文件即可，在根目录下的Makefile.am把目录名填写进去就可以自动执行脚本扫描目录生成Makefile文件进行编译了，这种用法相对于前文来说工序是一样的只不过是将单个的命令封装到脚本里面了，这样用起来就方便多了。