SpringBoot整合dubbo+zooker搭建分布式服务(超详细)

一、Dubbo简介

1.dubbo是什么

2.dubbo基本工作原理

3.具体介绍参考官方文档

二、准备dubbo-admin(管理控制台)和zookeeper(注册中心)

1.下载安装zookeeper注册中心

2.下载安装dubbo-admin(dubbo的管理控制台)

三、SpringBoot整合dubbo+zooker

1.项目整体架构与思路

2.具体实现

四、总结


一、Dubbo简介

1.dubbo是什么

Apache Dubbo 是一款微服务开发框架,它提供了 RPC通信与微服务治理两大关键能力。这意味着,使用 Dubbo 开发的微服务,将具备相互之间的远程发现与通信能力,同时利用 Dubbo 提供的丰富服务治理能力,可以实现诸如服务发现、负载均衡、流量调度等服务治理诉求。同时Dubbo 是高度可扩展的,用户几乎可以在任意功能点去定制自己的实现,以改变框架的默认行为来满足自己的业务需求。

2.dubbo基本工作原理

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  • Contaniner:容器
  • Provider:服务提供者
  • Consumer:服务消费者
  • Registry:注册中心
  • Monitor:统计服务调用次数和调用时间的监控中心

3.具体介绍参考官方文档

文档 | Apache Dubbo

二、准备dubbo-admin(管理控制台)和zookeeper(注册中心)

1.下载安装zookeeper注册中心

zookeeper官网:https://zookeeper.apache.org/

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下载安装后复制conf目录下的zoo_sample.cfg文件,改名为zoo.cfg,并修改配置

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默认8080端口启动,这里添加admin.serverPort=9999将启动端口改成9999,防止端口占用

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然后打开bin目录下的zkServer.cmd,启动zookeeper服务端

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 启动成功页面

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2.下载安装dubbo-admin(dubbo的管理控制台)

 进入官网导航的GitHub,下滑找到Dubbo-admin分支并进入

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 直接下载zip安装包

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 安装后进入dubbo-admin-master目录找到dubbo-admin-server

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将dubbo-admin-server打成jar包,两种方式选择

(1)maven命令打包:cmd窗口切换到根目录用mvn clean package+项目名打包

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(2)IDEA中maven打包:用IDEA打开dubbo-admin-server项目,用maven插件package打包

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打好jar包后,推荐复制放在dubbo、zookeeper根目录下

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用cmd命令行切换到当前目录,使用java -jar+包名 运行

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如果没有报错的话,此时dubbo-admin的服务端已经启动了,由于dubbo的管理控制台是个前后端分离的项目,我们还需要让前端服务也跑起来:

进入到dubbo-admin-master目录找到dubbo-ui

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 打开命令行切换到当前目录,先执行下npm install命令,然后用npm run serve运行项目

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 此时前端也已经跑起来了,我们可以直接用前端的url http://localhost:8082/进入控制台

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 默认账号密码都是root,在dubbo-admin-master的配置文件application.properties中

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 application.properties配置文件

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登录成功后的页面

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三、SpringBoot整合dubbo+zooker

1.项目整体架构与思路

分布式微服务主要是将应用的各项功能拆分成不同的模块,(根据不同的功能模块划分成不同的项目)发布在不同的服务器上,然后将需要向外提供的服务api做成分包,模块之间的相互调用通过分包api完成,dubbo的作用在于我们只需要将服务提供者的接口暴露给dubbo托管,服务消费者只要向registry注册中心注册并指定需要调用的服务,即可完成服务间调用,无需关心服务提供者的内部结构是怎样的,用户也感知不到调用了任何外部服务。

项目工程结构

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整体思路

这里主要模拟实现用户和会话的功能,用户模块主要负责对用户信息的管理,而一个用户则可以对于多个聊天会话,现在的需求是需要通过id查询用户的信息,并查询该用户所有的会话。在此实例中,则用户服务(user-service)是服务消费者(consumer),会话服务是服务提供者(provider)。

2.具体实现

(1)创建一个空项目(主要作为容器)

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(2)创建分包api(用于整合服务提供者和消费者)

创建一个maven的quickstart模板项目即可

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这里命名为data-api

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导入依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
      <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
      <version>1.18.22</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

将功能所需要的实体和接口都定义在这个项目里,后面服务的提供者和消费者只需要关注具体实现即可

创建实体类

package com.api.entity;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User implements Serializable {

  private long user_id;
  private String username;
  private String password;
  private Boolean online_status;
  private String create_time;
  private Integer user_status;
  private List<Chat> chatList;
}
package com.api.entity;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Chat implements Serializable {
  private long chat_id;
  private String chat_status;
  private String chat_name;
  private Integer chat_type;
  private String create_time;
  private long creator_id;
  private long to_id;
  private Boolean is_deleted;
  private String last_send_time;
  private String last_message;

}

对应的数据表

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定义接口

package com.api.service;

import com.api.entity.Chat;

import java.util.List;

public interface ChatService {
    List<Chat> findChatByUser(long user_id);

}
package com.api.service;

import com.api.entity.User;

public interface UserService {
    User findUserById(long user_id);
    User findInfoById(long user_id);
}

整体结构

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(3)创建会话服务项目(提供者)

在空项目中创建module

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选择springboot的模板即可

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项目配置

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 依赖选择,我这里选了lombok和webwatermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBA6aG-5rGQ6L6w,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16

 项目命名,我这里命名为chat-service

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 创建成功后,导入依赖(注意记得把刚才创建的分包api maven依赖导进来)

注意:这里dubbo和zookeeper的版本一定要匹配,不然整合了跑不起来噢

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--        数据库-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.20</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Dubbo Spring Boot Starter -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency><!--zookerper版本一定要匹配! -->
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-registry-zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--这个是分包api的maven依赖-->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.example</groupId>
			<artifactId>data-api</artifactId>
			<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
		</dependency>
    </dependencies>

配置durid连接池

package com.chat.config;

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration
public class DruidConfig {

    /*
       将自定义的 Druid数据源添加到容器中,不再让 Spring Boot 自动创建
       绑定全局配置文件中的 druid 数据源属性到 com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource从而让它们生效
       @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource"):作用就是将 全局配置文件中
       前缀为 spring.datasource的属性值注入到 com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource 的同名参数中
     */
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
    @Bean
    public DataSource druidDataSource() {
        return new DruidDataSource();
    }

}

创建mapper接口

package com.chat.mapper;

import com.api.entity.Chat;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

@Mapper
@Repository
public interface ChatMapper {
    List<Chat> findChatByUser(@Param("user_id") long user_id);
}

在resource目录下创建MyBatis的mapper.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.chat.mapper.ChatMapper">
    <select id="findChatByUser" resultType="Chat">
        SELECT * FROM chat WHERE creator_id=#{user_id}
        UNION SELECT * FROM chat WHERE to_id=#{user_id}
    </select>
</mapper>

创建ChatService实现类

这里dubbo主要的注解是@DubboService 用于将服务暴露给dubbo

package com.chat.service;

import com.api.entity.Chat;
import com.api.service.ChatService;
import com.chat.mapper.ChatMapper;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

@Service
@DubboService//将服务暴露给dubbo
public class ChatServiceImpl implements ChatService {
    @Autowired
    private ChatMapper chatMapper;

    @Override
    public List<Chat> findChatByUser(long user_id) {
        return chatMapper.findChatByUser(user_id);
    }
}

配置启动类,一定要加上@EnableDubbo注解,用于将dubbo相关的配置bean加载到spring容器

package com.chat;

import org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubbo;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.chat.mapper")
@EnableDubbo//打开dubbo
public class DemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    }

}

修改yml配置文件

spring:
  datasource:
    username: root
    password: 123456
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring_im?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    initialSize: 5
    minIdle: 5
    maxActive: 20
    maxWait: 60000
    timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
    minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
    validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
    testWhileIdle: true
    testOnBorrow: false
    testOnReturn: false
    poolPreparedStatements: true
    filters: stat,wall,log4j
    maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20
    useGlobalDataSourceStat: true
    connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500
server:
  port: 8882
mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.api.entity
  mapper-locations: mappers/*.xml
dubbo:
  application:
    name: chat-service
  registry:
    protocol: zookeeper
    address: 127.0.0.1:2181
  protocol:
    name: dubbo
    port: 20884

会话服务项目结构

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 (4)创建用户服务项目(消费者)

创建项目的过程同上,创建成功后,先导依赖,再配置durid数据连接池(同上)

创建mapper接口

package com.user.mapper;

import com.api.entity.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Mapper
@Repository
public interface UserMapper {
    User findUserById(@Param("user_id")long user_id);
}

在resource目录下创建MyBatis的mapper.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.user.mapper.UserMapper">
    <select id="findUserById" resultType="User">
        SELECT * FROM user WHERE user_id=#{user_id}
    </select>

</mapper>

创建UserService实现类,主要的注解是@DubboReference,用于指定需要调用(依赖)的服务

package com.user.service;

import com.api.entity.User;
import com.api.service.ChatService;
import com.api.service.UserService;
import com.user.mapper.UserMapper;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboReference;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;
    @DubboReference
    private ChatService chatService;
    @Override
    public User findUserById(long user_id) {
        return userMapper.findUserById(user_id);
    }

    @Override
    public User findInfoById(long user_id) {
        User user=userMapper.findUserById(user_id);
        user.setChatList(chatService.findChatByUser(user_id));
        return user;
    }
}

创建UserController,用于测试服务

package com.user.controller;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.api.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RequestMapping("/user")
@RestController
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    @RequestMapping("/queryUser")
    public String queryUser(long user_id){
        return JSONObject.toJSONString(userService.findUserById(user_id));
    }
    @RequestMapping("/queryUserChat")
    public String queryUserChat(long user_id){
        return JSONObject.toJSONString(userService.findInfoById(user_id));
    }
}

配置启动类

package com.user;

import org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubbo;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.user.mapper")
@EnableDubbo
public class DemoApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
	}

}

配置yml文件

spring:
  datasource:
    username: root
    password: 123456
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring_im?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    initialSize: 5
    minIdle: 5
    maxActive: 20
    maxWait: 60000
    timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
    minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
    validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
    testWhileIdle: true
    testOnBorrow: false
    testOnReturn: false
    poolPreparedStatements: true
    filters: stat,wall,log4j
    maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20
    useGlobalDataSourceStat: true
    connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500
server:
  port: 8882
mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.api.entity
  mapper-locations: mappers/*.xml
dubbo:
  application:
    name: user-service
  registry:
    protocol: zookeeper
    address: 127.0.0.1:2181
  protocol:
    name: dubbo
    port: 20885

user-service项目结构

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至此,所有准备工作搭建完成,启动两个项目即可(建议先启动服务提供者,再启动消费者)

 启动chat-service(前提:zookeeper服务端已经运行,建议dubbo-admin前后端也跑起来)

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启动后可以在dubbo-admin控制台查看

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启动user-service 

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此时服务提供者和消费者都已经ok了,可以测试下功能

访问一下http://localhost:8881/user/queryUser?user_id=1 仅查询用户信息

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 访问http://localhost:8881/user/queryUserChat?user_id=1 查询用户和用户的会话信息

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四、总结

在user-service项目里面我们成功的调用了chat-service里面的查询会话服务,如果不是分布式微服务的项目,我们通常会将这两个功能写一起,内部相互调用,耦合性比较高。如果其中任何一个环节出了问题,那整个应用都将无法使用。而在本项目中,我们将业务做了拆分,而用户是感知不到的,单个环节出现问题并不影响另一个模块功能的使用,同时也为我们开发高并发、高可用、分布式的应用服务提供了快速高效的解决方案。使用 Dubbo 构建的微服务遵循云原生思想,能更好的复用底层云原生基础设施、贴合云原生微服务架构。创作不易,觉得有用的话点个赞吧!

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转载自blog.csdn.net/weixin_45344924/article/details/124113843