假设集群名字为cluster1
1.下载数据集
curl https://datasets.clickhouse.tech/hits/tsv/hits_v1.tsv.xz | unxz --threads=`nproc` > hits_v1.tsv
curl https://datasets.clickhouse.tech/visits/tsv/visits_v1.tsv.xz | unxz --threads=`nproc` > visits_v1.tsv连接数据库
clickhouse-client -h 10.43.237.127 -u clickhouse_operator --password clickhouse_operator_password2.建库与表
1）创建数据库
create database fy on cluster cluster1;
输出
CREATE DATABASE fy ON CLUSTER cluster1
Query id: 2e055606-6649-4756-940b-dd9df5b59031
┌─host───────────────────────┬─port─┬─status─┬─error─┬─num_hosts_remaining─┬─num_hosts_active─┐
│ chi-sample-01-cluster1-2-0 │ 9000 │ 0 │ │ 2 │ 0 │
│ chi-sample-01-cluster1-1-0 │ 9000 │ 0 │ │ 1 │ 0 │
│ chi-sample-01-cluster1-0-0 │ 9000 │ 0 │ │ 0 │ 0 │
└────────────────────────────┴──────┴────────┴───────┴─────────────────────┴──────────────────┘
3 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.135 sec.2）查看数据库
show databases;
输出
SHOW DATABASES
Query id: e2a8f238-96a2-4c1a-9c54-df220e613136
┌─name────┐
│ default │
│ fy │
│ system │
└─────────┘
3 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.003 sec.3）删除数据库
drop database fy on cluster cluster1;4)创建本地表
create table if not exists fy.test_table on cluster cluster1 (id UInt32,sku_id String,total_amount Decimal(16,2), create_time Datetime) engine=ReplicatedMergeTree('/clickhouse/tables/{shard}/fy.test_table','{replica}')partition by toYYYYMMDD(create_time) primary key (id) order by (id,sku_id)
其中if not exists fy.test_table与/{shard}/fy.test_table中的fy.test_table建议保持一致。其实没有必要一致，但/{shard}/fy.test_table处的必须保证每个表都不一样，因此将此处的值和表名一样即可。
5)创建分布式表
create table if not exists fy.test_table_all on cluster cluster1
(
id UInt32,
sku_id String,
total_amount Decimal(16,2), create_time Datetime
)engine = Distributed(cluster1,fy, test_table,hiveHash(sku_id));
Distributed中的四项分别代表集群名，数据库名，本地表名，分片方法
6)删除表
drop table fy.test_table on cluster cluster13.创建数据集需要的表
本地表实际存储数据，分布式表是逻辑上的表，类似于数据库中的视图, 一般查询都查询分布式表. 分布式表引擎会将我们的查询请求路由本地表进行查询, 然后进行汇总最终返回给用户.
1)创建hits本地表
CREATE TABLE if not exists fy.hits on cluster cluster1( WatchID UInt64,JavaEnable UInt8, Title String, GoodEvent Int16, EventTime DateTime, EventDate Date, CounterID UInt32, ClientIP UInt32, ClientIP6 FixedString(16), RegionID UInt32, UserID UInt64, CounterClass Int8, OS UInt8, UserAgent UInt8, URL String, Referer String, URLDomain String, RefererDomain String,Refresh UInt8, IsRobot UInt8, RefererCategories Array(UInt16), URLCategories Array(UInt16), URLRegions Array(UInt32), RefererRegions Array(UInt32), ResolutionWidth UInt16, ResolutionHeight UInt16, ResolutionDepth UInt8, FlashMajor UInt8, FlashMinor UInt8, FlashMinor2 String, NetMajor UInt8, NetMinor UInt8, UserAgentMajor UInt16, UserAgentMinor FixedString(2), CookieEnable UInt8, JavascriptEnable UInt8, IsMobile UInt8, MobilePhone UInt8, MobilePhoneModel String, Params String, IPNetworkID UInt32, TraficSourceID Int8, SearchEngineID UInt16, SearchPhrase String, AdvEngineID UInt8, IsArtifical UInt8, WindowClientWidth UInt16, WindowClientHeight UInt16, ClientTimeZone Int16, ClientEventTime DateTime, SilverlightVersion1 UInt8, SilverlightVersion2 UInt8, SilverlightVersion3 UInt32, SilverlightVersion4 UInt16, PageCharset String, CodeVersion UInt32, IsLink UInt8, IsDownload UInt8, IsNotBounce UInt8, FUniqID UInt64, HID UInt32, IsOldCounter UInt8, IsEvent UInt8, IsParameter UInt8, DontCountHits UInt8, WithHash UInt8, HitColor FixedString(1), UTCEventTime DateTime, Age UInt8, Sex UInt8, Income UInt8, Interests UInt16, Robotness UInt8, GeneralInterests Array(UInt16), RemoteIPUInt32, RemoteIP6 FixedString(16), WindowName Int32, OpenerName Int32, HistoryLength Int16, BrowserLanguage FixedString(2), BrowserCountry FixedString(2), SocialNetwork String, SocialAction String, HTTPError UInt16, SendTiming Int32, DNSTiming Int32, ConnectTiming Int32, ResponseStartTiming Int32, ResponseEndTiming Int32, FetchTiming Int32, RedirectTiming Int32, DOMInteractiveTiming Int32, DOMContentLoadedTiming Int32, DOMCompleteTiming Int32, LoadEventStartTiming Int32, LoadEventEndTiming Int32, NSToDOMContentLoadedTiming Int32, FirstPaintTiming Int32, RedirectCount Int8, SocialSourceNetworkID UInt8, SocialSourcePage String, ParamPrice Int64, ParamOrderID String, ParamCurrency FixedString(3), ParamCurrencyID UInt16, GoalsReached Array(UInt32), OpenstatServiceName String, OpenstatCampaignID String, OpenstatAdID String, OpenstatSourceID String, UTMSource String, UTMMedium String, UTMCampaign String, UTMContent String, UTMTerm String, FromTag String, HasGCLID UInt8, RefererHash UInt64, URLHash UInt64, CLID UInt32, YCLID UInt64, ShareService String, ShareURL String, ShareTitle String, ParsedParams Nested(Key1 String, Key2 String, Key3 String, Key4 String, Key5 String, ValueDouble Float64), IslandID FixedString(16), RequestNum UInt32, RequestTry UInt8) engine=ReplicatedMergeTree('/clickhouse/tables/{shard}/fy.hits','{replica}') PARTITION BY toYYYYMM(EventDate) ORDER BY (CounterID, EventDate, intHash32(UserID)) SAMPLE BY intHash32(UserID) SETTINGS index_granularity = 8192;2）创建hits分布式表
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CREATE TABLE if not exists fy.hits_all on cluster cluster1( WatchID UInt64,JavaEnable UInt8, Title String, GoodEvent Int16, EventTime DateTime, EventDate Date, CounterID UInt32, ClientIP UInt32, ClientIP6 FixedString(16), RegionID UInt32, UserID UInt64, CounterClass Int8, OS UInt8, UserAgent UInt8, URL String, Referer String, URLDomain String, RefererDomain String,Refresh UInt8, IsRobot UInt8, RefererCategories Array(UInt16), URLCategories Array(UInt16), URLRegions Array(UInt32), RefererRegions Array(UInt32), ResolutionWidth UInt16, ResolutionHeight UInt16, ResolutionDepth UInt8, FlashMajor UInt8, FlashMinor UInt8, FlashMinor2 String, NetMajor UInt8, NetMinor UInt8, UserAgentMajor UInt16, UserAgentMinor FixedString(2), CookieEnable UInt8, JavascriptEnable UInt8, IsMobile UInt8, MobilePhone UInt8, MobilePhoneModel String, Params String, IPNetworkID UInt32, TraficSourceID Int8, SearchEngineID UInt16, SearchPhrase String, AdvEngineID UInt8, IsArtifical UInt8, WindowClientWidth UInt16, WindowClientHeight UInt16, ClientTimeZone Int16, ClientEventTime DateTime, SilverlightVersion1 UInt8, SilverlightVersion2 UInt8, SilverlightVersion3 UInt32, SilverlightVersion4 UInt16, PageCharset String, CodeVersion UInt32, IsLink UInt8, IsDownload UInt8, IsNotBounce UInt8, FUniqID UInt64, HID UInt32, IsOldCounter UInt8, IsEvent UInt8, IsParameter UInt8, DontCountHits UInt8, WithHash UInt8, HitColor FixedString(1), UTCEventTime DateTime, Age UInt8, Sex UInt8, Income UInt8, Interests UInt16, Robotness UInt8, GeneralInterests Array(UInt16), RemoteIP UInt32, RemoteIP6 FixedString(16), WindowName Int32, OpenerName Int32, HistoryLength Int16, BrowserLanguage FixedString(2), BrowserCountry FixedString(2), SocialNetwork String, SocialAction String, HTTPError UInt16, SendTiming Int32, DNSTiming Int32, ConnectTiming Int32, ResponseStartTiming Int32, ResponseEndTiming Int32, FetchTiming Int32, RedirectTiming Int32, DOMInteractiveTiming Int32, DOMContentLoadedTiming Int32, DOMCompleteTiming Int32, LoadEventStartTiming Int32, LoadEventEndTiming Int32, NSToDOMContentLoadedTiming Int32, FirstPaintTiming Int32, RedirectCount Int8, SocialSourceNetworkID UInt8, SocialSourcePage String, ParamPrice Int64, ParamOrderID String, ParamCurrency FixedString(3), ParamCurrencyID UInt16, GoalsReached Array(UInt32), OpenstatServiceName String, OpenstatCampaignID String, OpenstatAdID String, OpenstatSourceID String, UTMSource String, UTMMedium String, UTMCampaign String, UTMContent String, UTMTerm String, FromTag String, HasGCLID UInt8, RefererHash UInt64, URLHash UInt64, CLID UInt32, YCLID UInt64, ShareService String, ShareURL String, ShareTitle String, ParsedParams Nested(Key1 String, Key2 String, Key3 String, Key4 String, Key5 String, ValueDouble Float64), IslandID FixedString(16), RequestNum UInt32, RequestTry UInt8) engine=Distributed(cluster1,fy,hits,hiveHash(WatchID));3）创建visits本地表
CREATE TABLE if not exists fy.visits on cluster cluster1 ( CounterID UInt32, StartDate Date, Sign Int8, IsNew UInt8, VisitID UInt64, UserID UInt64, StartTime DateTime, Duration UInt32, UTCStartTime DateTime, PageViews Int32, Hits Int32, IsBounce UInt8, Referer String, StartURL String, RefererDomain String, StartURLDomain String, EndURL String, LinkURL String, IsDownload UInt8, TraficSourceID Int8, SearchEngineID UInt16, SearchPhrase String, AdvEngineID UInt8, PlaceID Int32, RefererCategories Array(UInt16), URLCategories Array(UInt16), URLRegions Array(UInt32), RefererRegions Array(UInt32), IsYandex UInt8, GoalReachesDepth Int32, GoalReachesURL Int32, GoalReachesAny Int32, SocialSourceNetworkID UInt8, SocialSourcePage String, MobilePhoneModel String, ClientEventTime DateTime, RegionID UInt32, ClientIP UInt32, ClientIP6 FixedString(16), RemoteIP UInt32, RemoteIP6 FixedString(16), IPNetworkID UInt32, SilverlightVersion3 UInt32, CodeVersion UInt32, ResolutionWidth UInt16, ResolutionHeight UInt16, UserAgentMajor UInt16, UserAgentMinor UInt16, WindowClientWidth UInt16, WindowClientHeight UInt16, SilverlightVersion2 UInt8, SilverlightVersion4 UInt16, FlashVersion3 UInt16, FlashVersion4 UInt16, ClientTimeZone Int16, OS UInt8, UserAgent UInt8, ResolutionDepth UInt8, FlashMajor UInt8, FlashMinor UInt8, NetMajor UInt8, NetMinor UInt8, MobilePhone UInt8, SilverlightVersion1 UInt8, Age UInt8, Sex UInt8, Income UInt8, JavaEnable UInt8, CookieEnable UInt8, JavascriptEnable UInt8, IsMobile UInt8, BrowserLanguage UInt16, BrowserCountry UInt16, Interests UInt16, Robotness UInt8, GeneralInterests Array(UInt16), Params Array(String), Goals Nested(ID UInt32, Serial UInt32, EventTime DateTime, Price Int64, OrderID String, CurrencyID UInt32), WatchIDs Array(UInt64), ParamSumPrice Int64, ParamCurrency FixedString(3), ParamCurrencyID UInt16, ClickLogID UInt64, ClickEventID Int32, ClickGoodEvent Int32, ClickEventTime DateTime, ClickPriorityID Int32, ClickPhraseID Int32, ClickPageID Int32, ClickPlaceID Int32, ClickTypeID Int32, ClickResourceID Int32, ClickCost UInt32, ClickClientIP UInt32, ClickDomainID UInt32, ClickURL String, ClickAttempt UInt8, ClickOrderID UInt32, ClickBannerID UInt32, ClickMarketCategoryID UInt32, ClickMarketPP UInt32, ClickMarketCategoryName String, ClickMarketPPName String, ClickAWAPSCampaignName String, ClickPageName String, ClickTargetType UInt16, ClickTargetPhraseID UInt64, ClickContextType UInt8, ClickSelectType Int8, ClickOptions String, ClickGroupBannerID Int32, OpenstatServiceName String, OpenstatCampaignID String, OpenstatAdID String, OpenstatSourceID String, UTMSource String, UTMMedium String, UTMCampaign String, UTMContent String, UTMTerm String, FromTag String, HasGCLID UInt8, FirstVisit DateTime, PredLastVisit Date, LastVisit Date, TotalVisits UInt32, TraficSource Nested(ID Int8, SearchEngineID UInt16, AdvEngineID UInt8, PlaceID UInt16, SocialSourceNetworkID UInt8, Domain String, SearchPhrase String, SocialSourcePage String), Attendance FixedString(16), CLID UInt32, YCLID UInt64, NormalizedRefererHash UInt64, SearchPhraseHash UInt64, RefererDomainHash UInt64, NormalizedStartURLHash UInt64, StartURLDomainHash UInt64, NormalizedEndURLHash UInt64, TopLevelDomain UInt64, URLScheme UInt64, OpenstatServiceNameHash UInt64, OpenstatCampaignIDHash UInt64, OpenstatAdIDHash UInt64, OpenstatSourceIDHash UInt64, UTMSourceHash UInt64, UTMMediumHash UInt64, UTMCampaignHash UInt64, UTMContentHash UInt64, UTMTermHash UInt64, FromHash UInt64, WebVisorEnabled UInt8, WebVisorActivity UInt32, ParsedParams Nested(Key1 String, Key2 String, Key3 String, Key4 String, Key5 String, ValueDouble Float64), Market Nested(Type UInt8, GoalID UInt32, OrderID String, OrderPrice Int64, PP UInt32, DirectPlaceID UInt32, DirectOrderID UInt32, DirectBannerID UInt32, GoodID String, GoodName String, GoodQuantity Int32, GoodPrice Int64), IslandID FixedString(16)) engine=ReplicatedMergeTree('/clickhouse/tables/{shard}/fy.visits','{replica}') PARTITION BY toYYYYMM(StartDate) ORDER BY (CounterID, StartDate, intHash32(UserID), VisitID) SAMPLE BY intHash32(UserID) SETTINGS index_granularity = 8192"4)创建visits分布式表
CREATE TABLE if not exists fy.visits_all on cluster cluster1 ( CounterID UInt32, StartDate Date, Sign Int8, IsNew UInt8, VisitID UInt64, UserID UInt64, StartTime DateTime, Duration UInt32, UTCStartTime DateTime, PageViews Int32, Hits Int32, IsBounce UInt8, Referer String, StartURL String, RefererDomain String, StartURLDomain String, EndURL String, LinkURL String, IsDownload UInt8, TraficSourceID Int8, SearchEngineID UInt16, SearchPhrase String, AdvEngineID UInt8, PlaceID Int32, RefererCategories Array(UInt16), URLCategories Array(UInt16), URLRegions Array(UInt32), RefererRegions Array(UInt32), IsYandex UInt8, GoalReachesDepth Int32, GoalReachesURL Int32, GoalReachesAny Int32, SocialSourceNetworkID UInt8, SocialSourcePage String, MobilePhoneModel String, ClientEventTime DateTime, RegionID UInt32, ClientIP UInt32, ClientIP6 FixedString(16), RemoteIP UInt32, RemoteIP6 FixedString(16), IPNetworkID UInt32, SilverlightVersion3 UInt32, CodeVersion UInt32, ResolutionWidth UInt16, ResolutionHeight UInt16, UserAgentMajor UInt16, UserAgentMinor UInt16, WindowClientWidth UInt16, WindowClientHeight UInt16, SilverlightVersion2 UInt8, SilverlightVersion4 UInt16, FlashVersion3 UInt16, FlashVersion4 UInt16, ClientTimeZone Int16, OS UInt8, UserAgent UInt8, ResolutionDepth UInt8, FlashMajor UInt8, FlashMinor UInt8, NetMajor UInt8, NetMinor UInt8, MobilePhone UInt8, SilverlightVersion1 UInt8, Age UInt8, Sex UInt8, Income UInt8, JavaEnable UInt8, CookieEnable UInt8, JavascriptEnable UInt8, IsMobile UInt8, BrowserLanguage UInt16, BrowserCountry UInt16, Interests UInt16, Robotness UInt8, GeneralInterests Array(UInt16), Params Array(String), Goals Nested(ID UInt32, Serial UInt32, EventTime DateTime, Price Int64, OrderID String, CurrencyID UInt32), WatchIDs Array(UInt64), ParamSumPrice Int64, ParamCurrency FixedString(3), ParamCurrencyID UInt16, ClickLogID UInt64, ClickEventID Int32, ClickGoodEvent Int32, ClickEventTime DateTime, ClickPriorityID Int32, ClickPhraseID Int32, ClickPageID Int32, ClickPlaceID Int32, ClickTypeID Int32, ClickResourceID Int32, ClickCost UInt32, ClickClientIP UInt32, ClickDomainID UInt32, ClickURL String, ClickAttempt UInt8, ClickOrderID UInt32, ClickBannerID UInt32, ClickMarketCategoryID UInt32, ClickMarketPP UInt32, ClickMarketCategoryName String, ClickMarketPPName String, ClickAWAPSCampaignName String, ClickPageName String, ClickTargetType UInt16, ClickTargetPhraseID UInt64, ClickContextType UInt8, ClickSelectType Int8, ClickOptions String, ClickGroupBannerID Int32, OpenstatServiceName String, OpenstatCampaignID String, OpenstatAdID String, OpenstatSourceID String, UTMSource String, UTMMedium String, UTMCampaign String, UTMContent String, UTMTerm String, FromTag String, HasGCLID UInt8, FirstVisit DateTime, PredLastVisit Date, LastVisit Date, TotalVisits UInt32, TraficSource Nested(ID Int8, SearchEngineID UInt16, AdvEngineID UInt8, PlaceID UInt16, SocialSourceNetworkID UInt8, Domain String, SearchPhrase String, SocialSourcePage String), Attendance FixedString(16), CLID UInt32, YCLID UInt64, NormalizedRefererHash UInt64, SearchPhraseHash UInt64, RefererDomainHash UInt64, NormalizedStartURLHash UInt64, StartURLDomainHash UInt64, NormalizedEndURLHash UInt64, TopLevelDomain UInt64, URLScheme UInt64, OpenstatServiceNameHash UInt64, OpenstatCampaignIDHash UInt64, OpenstatAdIDHash UInt64, OpenstatSourceIDHash UInt64, UTMSourceHash UInt64, UTMMediumHash UInt64, UTMCampaignHash UInt64, UTMContentHash UInt64, UTMTermHash UInt64, FromHash UInt64, WebVisorEnabled UInt8, WebVisorActivity UInt32, ParsedParams Nested(Key1 String, Key2 String, Key3 String, Key4 String, Key5 String, ValueDouble Float64), Market Nested(Type UInt8, GoalID UInt32, OrderID String, OrderPrice Int64, PP UInt32, DirectPlaceID UInt32, DirectOrderID UInt32, DirectBannerID UInt32, GoodID String, GoodName String, GoodQuantity Int32, GoodPrice Int64), IslandID FixedString(16)) engine=Distributed(cluster1,fy,visits,hiveHash(CounterID));4.导入数据
hits是Yandex.Metrica的点击数据集，共133列，约296万行数据；visits是Yandex.Metrica的访问数据，共181列，约47万行数据
1）导入hits数据集
导入到分布式表中，若导入到hits本地表中，则数据只会存储到本地表中。
clickhouse-client -h 10.43.237.127 -u clickhouse_operator --password clickhouse_operator_password --query "insert into fy.hits_all FORMAT TSV" --max_insert_block_size=100000 < hits_v1.tsv2）导入visits数据集
clickhouse-client -h 10.43.237.127 -u clickhouse_operator --password clickhouse_operator_password --query "insert into fy.visits_all FORMAT TSV" --max_insert_block_size=100000 < visits_v1.tsv5.增改查
以test_table,test_table_all为例子
1）插入数据
insert into fy.test_table_all values (201,'sku_001',1000.00,'2020-06-01 12:00:00') , (202,'sku_002',2000.00,'2020-06-01 12:00:00'), (203,'sku_004',2500.00,'2020-06-01 12:00:00'), (204,'sku_002',2000.00,'2020-06-01 12:00:00'),(205,'sku_003',600.00,'2020-06-02 12:00:00');
2）查询
我这里是在集群内节点进行的。一般使用分布式表进行查询，使用本地表查询只返回当前节点的数据，使用分布式表查询返回所有节点上符合要求的数据。
查询分布式表
select * from fy.test_table_all
输出：
┌──id─┬─sku_id──┬─total_amount─┬─────────create_time─┐
│ 202 │ sku_002 │ 2000 │ 2020-06-01 12:00:00 │
│ 204 │ sku_002 │ 2000 │ 2020-06-01 12:00:00 │
└─────┴─────────┴──────────────┴─────────────────────┘
┌──id─┬─sku_id──┬─total_amount─┬─────────create_time─┐
│ 201 │ sku_001 │ 1000 │ 2020-06-01 12:00:00 │
│ 203 │ sku_004 │ 2500 │ 2020-06-01 12:00:00 │
└─────┴─────────┴──────────────┴─────────────────────┘
┌──id─┬─sku_id──┬─total_amount─┬─────────create_time─┐
│ 205 │ sku_003 │ 600 │ 2020-06-02 12:00:00 │查询本地表
select * from fy.test_table
输出为：
┌──id─┬─sku_id──┬─total_amount─┬─────────create_time─┐
│ 202 │ sku_002 │ 2000 │ 2020-06-01 12:00:00 │
│ 204 │ sku_002 │ 2000 │ 2020-06-01 12:00:00 │
└─────┴─────────┴──────────────┴─────────────────────┘
3）修改数据
clickhouse是分析型数据库，理论上里面的数据变化较小，对更新/删除的支持比较若，通过alter实现。
alter fy.test_table_all update total_amount=1000 where id=202;要注意有的存储引擎不支持mutation操作，如此处的test_table_all使用的replicatedMergeTree存储引擎就不支持，因此无法修改数据。
4）删除
删除，clickhouse一般不删除数据，删除的成本太高，都是直接增加数据。一般也不更新数据，alter table update/delete不支持分布式DDL，在分布式环境中需要手动在每个节点上更新/删除数据。
修改表属性、表名等这些操作和正常的SQL没有什么区别。