C++中调用linux终端命令

1.system

#include <cstdlib>

int main()
{
    
       
   system("ls");
   return 0;
}

运行结果：

lpr@lpr-OptiPlex-7050:/media/lpr/76c21ebf-ed88-4c59-bc41-de64659cd16d/shiyan$ a.out
a.out  SAFE  test2.cpp	test.cpp  test.o

2.popen

system()函数只能运行命令，不能获取输出

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <iostream>
int main(){
    
    
    char outBuffer[1024];  // 保存运行后输出的结果
    char *cmdStr = "ls";  // 准备运行的命令
    FILE * pipeLine = popen(cmdStr,"r");  // 建立流管道
    if(!pipeLine){
    
      // 检测流管道
        perror("Fail to popen\n");
        return 1;
    }
    while(fgets(outBuffer, 1024, pipeLine) != NULL){
    
     // 获取输出
        printf("输出: %s",outBuffer); // 打印输出
    }
    pclose(pipeLine); 
    return 0;
}

运行结果：

lpr@lpr-OptiPlex-7050:/media/lpr/76c21ebf-ed88-4c59-bc41-de64659cd16d/shiyan$ test3.out
result:a.out
SAFE
test2.cpp
test3.cpp
test3.out
test.cpp
test.o

3.写为函数形式

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

void getRes(char* cmd, char* result)
{
    
    
    FILE *fp = NULL;
    char buf[1024];
    fp = popen(cmd, "r");
     if( fp != NULL)
    {
    
    
        while(fgets(buf, 1024, fp) != NULL)
        {
    
    
            strcat(result, buf);
        }
        pclose(fp);
        fp = NULL;
    }
	
}


int main(){
    
    
    char cmd[1024];
    char result[4096];
    sprintf(cmd, "echo hello world");

    
    getRes(cmd, result);
    cout<<"result:"<<result<<endl;
    return 0;
}