/// Chapter 4: 字典与几何 Dictionaries and Sets
/*
Hash tables : phone book
Dictionaries: product location \user details
Sorted dictionaries: difinitions
Hash sets: coupons \ swimming pools
"Sorted" sets : removing duplicates
*/
/// Chapter 4: 字典与几何 Dictionaries and Sets
/*
Hash tables : phone book
Dictionaries: product location \user details
Sorted dictionaries: difinitions
Hash sets: coupons \ swimming pools
"Sorted" sets : removing duplicates
*/
/1.1 HashtablePhoneBook 哈希表使用 电话本
Phone numbers:
- John Smith: 111-111-111
- Mary Fox: 222-222-222
- Lily Smith: 333-333-333
- Marcin Jamro: 000-000-000
Search by name: Lily Smith
Found phone number: 333-333-333
/*Main 程序 */
using System;
using System.Collections;
namespace HashtablePhoneBook
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Hashtable phoneBook = new Hashtable()
{
{ "Marcin Jamro", "000-000-000" },
{ "John Smith", "111-111-111" }
};
phoneBook["Lily Smith"] = "333-333-333";
try
{
phoneBook.Add("Mary Fox", "222-222-222");
}
catch (ArgumentException)
{
Console.WriteLine("The entry already exists.");
}
Console.WriteLine("Phone numbers:");
if (phoneBook.Count == 0)
{
Console.WriteLine("Empty");
}
else
{
foreach (DictionaryEntry entry in phoneBook)
{
Console.WriteLine($" - {entry.Key}: {entry.Value}");
}
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.Write("Search by name: ");
string name = Console.ReadLine();
if (phoneBook.Contains(name))
{
string number = (string)phoneBook[name];
Console.WriteLine($"Found phone number: {number}");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("The number does not exist.");
}
}
}
}
2.1 字典：产品定位
All products:
- 5900000000000: A1
- 5901111111111: B5
- 5902222222222: C9
- 5903333333333: D7
- 5904444444444: A3
Search by barcode: 2901
The product does not exist.
/* Main 程序 */
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace DictionaryProductLocation
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{ //创建实例是添加项
Dictionary<string, string> products = new Dictionary<string, string>
{
{ "5900000000000", "A1" },
{ "5901111111111", "B5" },
{ "5902222222222", "C9" }
};
products["5903333333333"] = "D7"; //添加键值对 KeyValuePair<string,string>
try
{
products.Add("5904444444444", "A3");
}
catch (ArgumentException)
{
Console.WriteLine("The entry already exists.");
}
Console.WriteLine("All products:");
if (products.Count == 0)
{
Console.WriteLine("Empty");
}
else
{
foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> product in products) //遍历字典
{
Console.WriteLine($" - {product.Key}: {product.Value}");
}
}
Console.WriteLine();
Console.Write("Search by barcode: ");
string barcode = Console.ReadLine();
if (products.TryGetValue(barcode, out string location)) //尝试获取指定键关联的值
{
Console.WriteLine($"The product is in the area {location}.");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("The product does not exist.");
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
/ 2.2 员工详情 DictionaryUserDetails
Enter the employee identifier: 210
First name: Mary
Last name: Fox
Phone number: 111-111-111
Enter the employee identifier: 222
The employee with the given identifier does not exist.
Enter the employee identifier:
/* 员工类 */
public class Employee
{
public string FirstName { get; set; }
public string LastName { get; set; }
public string PhoneNumber { get; set; }
}
/* Main 程序 */
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace DictionaryUserDetails
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Dictionary<int, Employee> employees = new Dictionary<int, Employee>(); //员工信息字典
employees.Add(100, new Employee() { FirstName = "Marcin", LastName = "Jamro", PhoneNumber = "000-000-000" });
employees.Add(210, new Employee() { FirstName = "Mary", LastName = "Fox", PhoneNumber = "111-111-111" });
employees.Add(303, new Employee() { FirstName = "John", LastName = "Smith", PhoneNumber = "222-222-222" });
bool isCorrect = true;
do
{
Console.Write("Enter the employee identifier: ");
string idString = Console.ReadLine();
isCorrect = int.TryParse(idString, out int id); //员工ID key
if (isCorrect)//输入了正确的id
{
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.White;
if (employees.TryGetValue(id, out Employee employee))//根据id获取字典中员工信息
{
Console.WriteLine(
"First name: {1}{0}Last name: {2}{0}Phone number: {3}",
Environment.NewLine,
employee.FirstName,
employee.LastName,
employee.PhoneNumber);
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("The employee with the given identifier does not exist.");
}
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Gray;
}
}
while (isCorrect);
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
3.1 Sorted dictionaries 排序的字典
Choose an option ([a] - add, [l] - list): A
Enter the name: CHS
Enter the explanation: kldjokjl
Choose an option ([a] - add, [l] - list): a
Enter the name: lkih
Enter the explanation: lj;hghjjjk
Choose an option ([a] - add, [l] - list): t
Do you want to exit the program? Press [y] (yes) or [n] (no).
nChoose an option ([a] - add, [l] - list): a
Enter the name: tshd
Enter the explanation: skldjaieojajlk
Choose an option ([a] - add, [l] - list): a
Enter the name: wdf
Enter the explanation: lkxjvoaskdlj
Choose an option ([a] - add, [l] - list): a
Enter the name: likhkj
Enter the explanation: hgjhkljl;kjkk
Choose an option ([a] - add, [l] - list): a
Enter the name: uxd
Enter the explanation: hghj;hghgkjhk
Choose an option ([a] - add, [l] - list): k
Do you want to exit the program? Press [y] (yes) or [n] (no).
nChoose an option ([a] - add, [l] - list): l
CHS: kldjokjl
likhkj: hgjhkljl;kjkk
lkih: lj;hghjjjk
tshd: skldjaieojajlk
uxd: hghj;hghgkjhk
wdf: lkxjvoaskdlj
Choose an option ([a] - add, [l] - list):
/* Main 程序 */
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace DictionaryDefinitions
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
SortedDictionary<string, string> definitions = new SortedDictionary<string, string>();
do
{
Console.Write("Choose an option ([a] - add, [l] - list): ");
ConsoleKeyInfo keyInfo = Console.ReadKey();//输入 a -add
Console.WriteLine();
if (keyInfo.Key == ConsoleKey.A)
{
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.White;
Console.Write("Enter the name: ");
string name = Console.ReadLine(); //输入名字
Console.Write("Enter the explanation: ");
string explanation = Console.ReadLine(); //输入 解释
definitions[name] = explanation; //添加到排序字典
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Gray;
}
else if (keyInfo.Key == ConsoleKey.L)
{
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.White;
foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> definition in definitions) //遍历排序字典
{
Console.WriteLine($"{definition.Key}: {definition.Value}");
}
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Gray;
}
else
{
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.White;
Console.WriteLine("Do you want to exit the program? Press [y] (yes) or [n] (no).");
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Gray;
if (Console.ReadKey().Key == ConsoleKey.Y)//退出
{
break;
}
}
}
while (true);
}
}
}
// 4.1 优惠券 coupons 集合
Thank you! :-)
Enter the coupon number: 524
Thank you! :-)
Enter the coupon number: 536
Thank you! :-)
Enter the coupon number: 215
Thank you! :-)
Enter the coupon number: 523
The coupon has been already used :-(
Enter the coupon number: 1
Thank you! :-)
Enter the coupon number: KLJ
A list of used coupons:
523
842
524
536
215
1
/* Main 程序 */
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace SetCoupons
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
HashSet<int> usedCoupons = new HashSet<int>();
do
{
Console.Write("Enter the coupon number: ");
string couponString = Console.ReadLine(); //输入数字
if (int.TryParse(couponString, out int coupon))
{
if (usedCoupons.Contains(coupon))//集合已包含
{
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
Console.WriteLine("The coupon has been already used :-(");
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Gray;
}
else
{
usedCoupons.Add(coupon);//添加到集合
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Green;
Console.WriteLine("Thank you! :-)");
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Gray;
}
}
else//非数字
{
break;
}
}
while (true);
Console.WriteLine();
Console.WriteLine("A list of used coupons:");
foreach (int coupon in usedCoupons) //遍历集合
{
Console.WriteLine(coupon);
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
/// 4.2 swimming pools 游泳池
Number of visitors by a pool type:
- recreation: 53
- competition: 41
- thermal: 42
- kids: 44
Pool 'recreation' was the most popular.
93 people visited at least one pool.
4 people visited all pools.
RECREATION: 1 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 20 22 26 27 30 33 35 36 38 40 41 43 46 47 48 49 50 51 55 60 61 63 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 75 76 77 78 80 82 83 85 86 87 90 93 96
COMPETITION: 1 2 8 10 11 17 18 19 23 26 28 29 30 31 35 37 38 40 46 47 50 51 56 61 64 66 69 71 74 75 79 80 81 86 90 92 93 95 96 98 99
THERMAL: 5 11 14 18 21 22 24 25 26 28 29 30 32 34 37 39 41 42 44 51 56 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 68 73 76 78 80 81 89 90 91 93 94 96 97 98
KIDS: 1 3 5 7 9 11 12 13 15 16 18 20 21 25 26 29 30 32 33 35 36 37 41 43 45 49 50 54 55 58 59 68 70 71 72 73 74 77 78 79 80 83 97 99
/* Main 程序 */
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
namespace SetPools
{
class Program
{
private static Random random = new Random();
static void Main(string[] args)
{ //4个游泳池 腕带号
Dictionary<PoolTypeEnum, HashSet<int>> tickets = new Dictionary<PoolTypeEnum, HashSet<int>>()
{
{ PoolTypeEnum.RECREATION, new HashSet<int>() },
{ PoolTypeEnum.COMPETITION, new HashSet<int>() },
{ PoolTypeEnum.THERMAL, new HashSet<int>() },
{ PoolTypeEnum.KIDS, new HashSet<int>() }
};
for (int i = 1; i < 100; i++)
{
foreach (KeyValuePair<PoolTypeEnum, HashSet<int>> type in tickets)
{
if (GetRandomBoolean())// 0/1 随机添加i 到集合。
{
type.Value.Add(i);//腕带号
}
}
}
Console.WriteLine("Number of visitors by a pool type:"); //游泳池类型
foreach (KeyValuePair<PoolTypeEnum, HashSet<int>> type in tickets)
{
Console.WriteLine($" - {type.Key.ToString().ToLower()}: {type.Value.Count}");// 每个游泳池 人数
}
PoolTypeEnum maxVisitors = tickets
.OrderByDescending(t => t.Value.Count) //按照人数降序排列
.Select(t => t.Key) //保留key 游泳池类型
.FirstOrDefault();//人数最多游泳池类型
Console.WriteLine($"Pool '{maxVisitors.ToString().ToLower()}' was the most popular.");
HashSet<int> any = new HashSet<int>(tickets[PoolTypeEnum.RECREATION]);
any.UnionWith(tickets[PoolTypeEnum.COMPETITION]);
any.UnionWith(tickets[PoolTypeEnum.THERMAL]);
any.UnionWith(tickets[PoolTypeEnum.KIDS]);
Console.WriteLine($"{any.Count} people visited at least one pool.");//所有集合求并集
HashSet<int> all = new HashSet<int>(tickets[PoolTypeEnum.RECREATION]);
all.IntersectWith(tickets[PoolTypeEnum.COMPETITION]);
all.IntersectWith(tickets[PoolTypeEnum.THERMAL]);
all.IntersectWith(tickets[PoolTypeEnum.KIDS]);
Console.WriteLine($"{all.Count} people visited all pools.");//所有集合求交
Console.WriteLine("RECREATION: " + string.Join(" ", tickets[PoolTypeEnum.RECREATION]));
Console.WriteLine("COMPETITION: " + string.Join(" ", tickets[PoolTypeEnum.COMPETITION]));
Console.WriteLine("THERMAL: " + string.Join(" ", tickets[PoolTypeEnum.THERMAL]));
Console.WriteLine("KIDS: " + string.Join(" ", tickets[PoolTypeEnum.KIDS]));
Console.ReadLine();
}
private static bool GetRandomBoolean()
{
return random.Next(2) == 1;
}
}
}
/* 泳池类型 */
namespace SetPools
{
/* 娱乐，
竞争，
热能，
孩子们*/
public enum PoolTypeEnum
{
RECREATION,
COMPETITION,
THERMAL,
KIDS
};
}
/// 5.1 SetDuplicates "排序“的集合 ”Sorted" set
Albert
Emily
James
Jane
Lily
Marcin
Mary
/* Main 程序 */
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace SetDuplicates
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{ //有重复元素的列表
List<string> names = new List<string>()
{
"Marcin",
"Mary",
"James",
"Albert",
"Lily",
"Emily",
"marcin",
"James",
"Jane"
};
//从指定的可枚举集合names复制的元素，并使用指定的比较器。
SortedSet<string> sorted = new SortedSet<string>(
names,
Comparer<string>.Create((a, b) => a.ToLower().CompareTo(b.ToLower())));
foreach (string name in sorted)
{
Console.WriteLine(name);
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}