知道grep
grep英文全称 “global search regular expression(RE) and print out the line”
中文翻译为“全面搜索正则表达式并把行打印出来”
grep是一种强大的文本搜索工具,它能使用正则表达式搜索文本,并把匹配的行打印出来。用于过滤/搜索的特定字符。可使用正则表达式能配合多种命令使用,使用上十分灵活。
如果不指定任何文件名称,或是所给予的文件名为 -,则 grep 指令会从标准输入设备读取数据。
怎么用grep
Usage: grep [OPTION]... PATTERN [FILE]...
参数分类
Regexp selection and interpretation(正则表达式选择和解释)
-E, --extended-regexp PATTERN是一个扩展正则表达式(ERE)
-F, --fixed-strings PATTERN是一组以换行符分隔的固定字符串
-G, --basic-regexp PATTERN是一个基本正则表达式(BRE)
-P, --perl-regexp PATTERN是一个Perl正则表达式
-e, --regexp=PATTERN PATTERN用于匹配
-f, --file=FILE 从文本文件中获取PATTERN
-i, --ignore-case 忽略大小写
-w, --word-regexp 强制PATTERN只匹配整个单词
-x, --line-regexp 强制PATTERN只匹配一整行
-z, --null-data a data line ends in 0 byte, not newline
grep -E,与egrep命令是相同的,grep -F,与fgrep命令是相同的。
命令使用
grep
Miscellaneous(杂七杂八选项)
-s, --no-messages 不输出错误消息
-v, --invert-match 匹配不匹配的行
-V, --version 显示版本号码,并退出
--help 显示帮助信息,并退出
命令使用
grep
Output control(输出控制)
-m, --max-count=NUM stop after NUM matches
-b, --byte-offset print the byte offset with output lines
-n, --line-number print line number with output lines
--line-buffered flush output on every line
-H, --with-filename print the file name for each match
-h, --no-filename suppress the file name prefix on output
--label=LABEL use LABEL as the standard input file name prefix
-o, --only-matching show only the part of a line matching PATTERN
-q, --quiet, --silent suppress all normal output
--binary-files=TYPE assume that binary files are TYPE;
TYPE is 'binary', 'text', or 'without-match'
-a, --text equivalent to --binary-files=text
-I equivalent to --binary-files=without-match
-d, --directories=ACTION how to handle directories;
ACTION is 'read', 'recurse', or 'skip'
-D, --devices=ACTION how to handle devices, FIFOs and sockets;
ACTION is 'read' or 'skip'
-r, --recursive like --directories=recurse
-R, --dereference-recursive
likewise, but follow all symlinks
--include=FILE_PATTERN
search only files that match FILE_PATTERN
--exclude=FILE_PATTERN
skip files and directories matching FILE_PATTERN
--exclude-from=FILE skip files matching any file pattern from FILE
--exclude-dir=PATTERN directories that match PATTERN will be skipped.
-L, --files-without-match print only names of FILEs containing no match
-l, --files-with-matches print only names of FILEs containing matches
-c, --count print only a count of matching lines per FILE
-T, --initial-tab make tabs line up (if needed)
-Z, --null print 0 byte after FILE name
命令使用
grep
Context control(上下文控制)
-B, --before-context=NUM print NUM lines of leading context
-A, --after-context=NUM print NUM lines of trailing context
-C, --context=NUM print NUM lines of output context
-NUM same as --context=NUM
--group-separator=SEP use SEP as a group separator
--no-group-separator use empty string as a group separator
--color[=WHEN],
--colour[=WHEN] use markers to highlight the matching strings;
WHEN is 'always', 'never', or 'auto'
-U, --binary do not strip CR characters at EOL (MSDOS/Windows)
-u, --unix-byte-offsets report offsets as if CRs were not there
(MSDOS/Windows)
命令使用
grep
未完待补充……