前言
上一步，向虚拟机里面加了新硬盘，检查了环境，补全了LFS编译要用到的组件。
这一步，将新加入的硬盘分区，并挂载。
手册中并没有详细描述这步，花了一天看了linux howto 中的分区资料，又用了一天做实验。
现在对新硬盘分区和自动挂载实现了。
在做这步时，对fdisk的使用，编辑/etc/fstab，已经清楚了。
这步在日常任务中用的是最少的，就像刚开始玩windows，每个月都要重装windows. 现在，几年都不做一次。
实验
查看分区
要对新加入的硬盘进行分区，或对已有的硬盘进行重新分区。得先看看硬盘有没有分区信息。
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x73ba496a
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 1 50 401593+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 51 67 136552+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sdb3 68 117 401625 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 118 2610 20025022+ 83 Linux
删除分区
如果目标硬盘上有分区信息，清掉，重新分区。
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 删除分区
# 如果是新加的没格式化的硬盘就不用这步, 得保证分区前, 没有任何分区
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
# m命令是帮助，列出了所有可用的命令
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
显示分区信息
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x73ba496a
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 1 50 401593+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 51 67 136552+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sdb3 68 117 401625 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 118 2610 20025022+ 83 Linux
删除分区
按照p命令显示出来得分区顺序，用d命令，输入分区序号，删除分区
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4): 1
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4): 2
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4): 3
Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 4
Command (m for help): p
确认删除后的分区信息
应该是看到没有任何分区信息才对。
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x73ba496a
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
保存并退出fdisk
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
在fdisk之外，再确认下分区信息没有了
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x73ba496a
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
规划硬盘分区划分
新加的虚拟硬盘是20GB, 参照LFS7.7手册和Linux Partition HOWTO, 计划分区信息如下：
硬盘容量为20GB
主分区一个
* /boot 200M
扩展分区一个(硬盘剩下的容量全分给他)
* / 1GB (total size + 1 = 1GB)
* /swap 2GB (total size + 2 = 3GB)
* /var 4GB (total size + 4 = 7GB)
* /usr 2GB (total size + 2 = 9GB)
* /opt 2GB (total size + 2 = 11GB)
* /tmp 4GB (total size + 4 = 15GB)
* /usr/src 2GB (total size + 2 = 17GB)
* /home 3GB (total size + 3 = 20GB) (尽可能多，将剩下的扩展分区都给/home)
开始划分新分区
查看设备信息
[root@localhost ~]# ls -lF --color /dev/sdb
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 16 4月 15 18:55 /dev/sdb
设备信息
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 16 4月 15 18:55 /dev/sdb
permissions unknown owner group major device number minor device number date device name
查看分区类型, 先记录下来(fdisk 具体硬盘时l命令也可以看)
主要看82,83, 是新版linux的分区类型
82 Linux swap / Solaris
83 Linux
[root@localhost ~]# /sbin/sfdisk -T
Id Name
0 Empty
1 FAT12
2 XENIX root
3 XENIX usr
4 FAT16 <32M
5 Extended
6 FAT16
7 HPFS/NTFS
8 AIX
9 AIX bootable
a OS/2 Boot Manager
b W95 FAT32
c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
e W95 FAT16 (LBA)
f W95 Ext'd (LBA)
10 OPUS
11 Hidden FAT12
12 Compaq diagnostics
14 Hidden FAT16 <32M
16 Hidden FAT16
17 Hidden HPFS/NTFS
18 AST SmartSleep
1b Hidden W95 FAT32
1c Hidden W95 FAT32 (LBA)
1e Hidden W95 FAT16 (LBA)
24 NEC DOS
39 Plan 9
3c PartitionMagic recovery
40 Venix 80286
41 PPC PReP Boot
42 SFS
4d QNX4.x
4e QNX4.x 2nd part
4f QNX4.x 3rd part
50 OnTrack DM
51 OnTrack DM6 Aux1
52 CP/M
53 OnTrack DM6 Aux3
54 OnTrackDM6
55 EZ-Drive
56 Golden Bow
5c Priam Edisk
61 SpeedStor
63 GNU HURD or SysV
64 Novell Netware 286
65 Novell Netware 386
70 DiskSecure Multi-Boot
75 PC/IX
80 Old Minix
81 Minix / old Linux
82 Linux swap / Solaris
83 Linux
84 OS/2 hidden C: drive
85 Linux extended
86 NTFS volume set
87 NTFS volume set
88 Linux plaintext
8e Linux LVM
93 Amoeba
94 Amoeba BBT
9f BSD/OS
a0 IBM Thinkpad hibernation
a5 FreeBSD
a6 OpenBSD
a7 NeXTSTEP
a8 Darwin UFS
a9 NetBSD
ab Darwin boot
af HFS / HFS+
b7 BSDI fs
b8 BSDI swap
bb Boot Wizard hidden
be Solaris boot
bf Solaris
c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-12)
c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-16 < 32M)
c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-16)
c7 Syrinx
da Non-FS data
db CP/M / CTOS / ...
de Dell Utility
df BootIt
e1 DOS access
e3 DOS R/O
e4 SpeedStor
eb BeOS fs
ee GPT
ef EFI (FAT-12/16/32)
f0 Linux/PA-RISC boot
f1 SpeedStor
f4 SpeedStor
f2 DOS secondary
fb VMware VMFS
fc VMware VMKCORE
fd Linux raid autodetect
fe LANstep
ff BBT
开始按照分区规划, 使用fdisk划分/dev/sdb的分区信息
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
# 先看一下现有分区信息, 前面已经将分区信息删了，现在整个硬盘没有分区信息
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x73ba496a
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
# 主分区一个
# * /boot 200M
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-2610, default 1): 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610): +200M
# 扩展分区一个(硬盘剩下的容量全分给他)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (27-2610, default 27):
Using default value 27
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (27-2610, default 2610):
Using default value 2610
# * / 1GB (total size + 1 = 1GB)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (27-2610, default 27):
Using default value 27
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (27-2610, default 2610): +1G
# * /swap 2GB (total size + 2 = 3GB)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (159-2610, default 159):
Using default value 159
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (159-2610, default 2610): +2G# * /var 4GB (total size + 4 = 7GB)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (421-2610, default 421):
Using default value 421
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (421-2610, default 2610): +4G# * /usr 2GB (total size + 2 = 9GB)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (944-2610, default 944):
Using default value 944
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (944-2610, default 2610): +2G# * /opt 2GB (total size + 2 = 11GB)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (1206-2610, default 1206):
Using default value 1206
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1206-2610, default 2610): +2G# * /tmp 4GB (total size + 4 = 15GB)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (1468-2610, default 1468):
Using default value 1468
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1468-2610, default 2610): +4G# * /usr/src 2GB (total size + 2 = 17GB)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (1991-2610, default 1991):
Using default value 1991
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1991-2610, default 2610): +2G# * /home 3GB (total size + 3 = 20GB) (尽可能多，将剩下的扩展分区都给/home)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (2253-2610, default 2253):
Using default value 2253
# 留一个柱面(准备给扩展分区上标签用, 实验发现，无法给扩展分区上标签，只能给逻辑分区上标签)
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (2253-2610, default 2610): 2609设置硬盘第一个分区为可启动
* 将第一个分区设置为启动分区
Command (m for help): a
Partition number (1-12): 1
查看分好的分区信息
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x73ba496a
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 1 26 208813+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 27 2610 20755980 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 27 158 1060258+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb6 159 420 2104483+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb7 421 943 4200966 83 Linux
/dev/sdb8 944 1205 2104483+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb9 1206 1467 2104483+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb10 1468 1990 4200966 83 Linux
/dev/sdb11 1991 2252 2104483+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb12 2253 2609 2867571 83 Linux
保存修改并退出fdisk
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
在fdisk外部查看分区信息
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x73ba496a
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 1 26 208813+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 27 2610 20755980 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 27 158 1060258+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb6 159 420 2104483+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb7 421 943 4200966 83 Linux
/dev/sdb8 944 1205 2104483+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb9 1206 1467 2104483+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb10 1468 1990 4200966 83 Linux
/dev/sdb11 1991 2252 2104483+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb12 2253 2609 2867571 83 Linux
整理分区和目录(挂载点)的对应关系
硬盘容量为20GB
主分区 /dev/sdb1 * /boot 200M 1 26 208813+ 83 Linux
扩展分区 /dev/sdb2 27 2610 20755980 5 Extended
逻辑分区 /dev/sdb5 * / 1GB (total size + 1 = 1GB) 27 158 1060258+ 83 Linux
逻辑分区 /dev/sdb6 * /swap 2GB (total size + 2 = 3GB) 159 420 2104483+ 83 Linux
逻辑分区 /dev/sdb7 * /var 4GB (total size + 4 = 7GB) 421 943 4200966 83 Linux
逻辑分区 /dev/sdb8 * /usr 2GB (total size + 2 = 9GB) 944 1205 2104483+ 83 Linux
逻辑分区 /dev/sdb9 * /opt 2GB (total size + 2 = 11GB) 1206 1467 2104483+ 83 Linux
逻辑分区 /dev/sdb10 * /tmp 4GB (total size + 4 = 15GB) 1468 1990 4200966 83 Linux
逻辑分区 /dev/sdb11 * /usr/src 2GB (total size + 2 = 17GB) 1991 2252 2104483+ 83 Linux
逻辑分区 /dev/sdb12 * /home 3GB (total size + 3 = 20GB) 2253 2609 2867571 83 Linux
格式化分区
如果要反复做实验, 这步还是写个.sh方便.
相关的分区类型
80 Old Minix
81 Minix / old Linux
82 Linux swap / Solaris
83 Linux
# 只有交换分区类型是82(Linux swap), 其他分区类型是83(Linux)
mkfs.ext4 -T 83 /dev/sdb1
# mke2fs -T 83 -L lfs_ext /dev/sdb2 # 扩展分区无法用e2label来设置标签
mkfs.ext4 -T 83 /dev/sdb5
mkfs.ext4 -T 82 /dev/sdb6
mkswap -f /dev/sdb6
swapon /dev/sdb6
mkfs.ext4 -T 83 /dev/sdb7
mkfs.ext4 -T 83 /dev/sdb8
mkfs.ext4 -T 83 /dev/sdb9
mkfs.ext4 -T 83 /dev/sdb10
mkfs.ext4 -T 83 /dev/sdb11
mkfs.ext4 -T 83 /dev/sdb12
给分区上标签(必须在格式化分区后才有效)
e2label /dev/sdb1 lfs_boot
# e2label /dev/sdb2 lfs_ext # 扩展分区无法用e2label来设置标签
e2label /dev/sdb5 lfs_root
# e2label /dev/sdb6 lfs_swap # 交换分区没有label
e2label /dev/sdb7 lfs_var
e2label /dev/sdb8 lfs_usr
e2label /dev/sdb9 lfs_opt
e2label /dev/sdb10 lfs_tmp
e2label /dev/sdb11 lfs_usr_src
e2label /dev/sdb12 lfs_home查看设备标签
[root@localhost dev]# ls -l /dev/disk/by-label
总用量 0
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 9 4月 15 19:59 CentOS_6.9_Final -> ../../sr0
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 4月 15 21:53 lfs_boot -> ../../sdb1
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 11 4月 15 21:54 lfs_home -> ../../sdb12
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 4月 15 21:53 lfs_opt -> ../../sdb9
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 4月 15 21:53 lfs_root -> ../../sdb5
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 11 4月 15 21:53 lfs_tmp -> ../../sdb10
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 4月 15 21:53 lfs_usr -> ../../sdb8
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 11 4月 15 21:53 lfs_usr_src -> ../../sdb11
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 4月 15 22:05 lfs_var -> ../../sdb7
查看设备挂载点
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0 11:0 1 408M 0 rom
sdb 8:16 0 20G 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 0 203.9M 0 part
├─sdb2 8:18 0 1K 0 part
├─sdb5 8:21 0 1G 0 part
├─sdb6 8:22 0 2G 0 part
├─sdb7 8:23 0 4G 0 part
├─sdb8 8:24 0 2G 0 part
├─sdb9 8:25 0 2G 0 part
├─sdb10 8:26 0 4G 0 part
├─sdb11 8:27 0 2G 0 part
└─sdb12 8:28 0 2.8G 0 part
sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 19.5G 0 part
├─VolGroup-lv_root (dm-0) 253:0 0 17.5G 0 lvm /
└─VolGroup-lv_swap (dm-1) 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdc 8:32 0 30G 0 disk
手工挂载分区
如果是反复做实验，这步也要做.sh才方便
export LFS=/mnt/lfs
mkdir -pv $LFS/boot
mount -v -t ext4 /dev/sdb1 $LFS/boot
mkdir -pv $LFS/root
mount -v -t ext4 /dev/sdb5 $LFS/root
mkdir -pv $LFS/var
mount -v -t ext4 /dev/sdb7 $LFS/var
mkdir -pv $LFS/usr
mount -v -t ext4 /dev/sdb8 $LFS/usr
mkdir -pv $LFS/opt
mount -v -t ext4 /dev/sdb9 $LFS/opt
mkdir -pv $LFS/tmp
mount -v -t ext4 /dev/sdb10 $LFS/tmp
mkdir -pv $LFS/usr/src
mount -v -t ext4 /dev/sdb11 $LFS/usr/src
mkdir -pv $LFS/home
mount -v -t ext4 /dev/sdb12 $LFS/home
手工卸载分区(重新做实验的时候才需要执行)
这步只是记录一下，正常情况下，只需要挂载，不需要卸载设备.
# 如果卸载不掉，去根目录再卸载一次.
# 如果还是卸载不掉，用lsof命令看下谁在用设备
# if no lsof command, run => yum install lsof
umount -v /dev/sdb1
umount -v /dev/sdb5
umount -v /dev/sdb7
umount -v /dev/sdb8
umount -v /dev/sdb9
umount -v /dev/sdb10
umount -v /dev/sdb11
umount -v /dev/sdb12
查看已经挂载的设备信息
确认下挂载脚本写错没有. 设备挂载的目录必须事先建立好，设备必须存在，已经分区，格式化好
[root@localhost dev]# cat /etc/mtab
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root / ext4 rw 0 0
proc /proc proc rw 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs rw 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts rw,gid=5,mode=620 0 0
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs rw,rootcontext="system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0" 0 0
/dev/sda1 /boot ext4 rw 0 0
none /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc binfmt_misc rw 0 0
/dev/sdb1 /lfs/boot ext4 rw 0 0
/dev/sdb5 /lfs/root ext4 rw 0 0
/dev/sdb7 /lfs/var ext4 rw 0 0
/dev/sdb8 /lfs/usr ext4 rw 0 0
/dev/sdb9 /lfs/opt ext4 rw 0 0
/dev/sdb10 /lfs/tmp ext4 rw 0 0
/dev/sdb11 /lfs/usr/src ext4 rw 0 0
/dev/sdb12 /lfs/home ext4 rw 0 0
查看设备容量占用情况
刚分区，格式化后的设备，设备容量占用为1%.
[root@localhost dev]# df -i
Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
1148304 28380 1119924 3% /
tmpfs 488561 1 488560 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 128016 38 127978 1% /boot
/dev/sdb1 13056 11 13045 1% /lfs/boot
/dev/sdb5 66384 11 66373 1% /lfs/root
/dev/sdb7 262944 11 262933 1% /lfs/var
/dev/sdb8 131648 12 131636 1% /lfs/usr
/dev/sdb9 131648 11 131637 1% /lfs/opt
/dev/sdb10 262944 11 262933 1% /lfs/tmp
/dev/sdb11 131648 11 131637 1% /lfs/usr/src
/dev/sdb12 179520 11 179509 1% /lfs/home
准备自动挂载设备
查看设备信息(卷标, UUID)
dumpe2fs -h /dev/sdb1
dumpe2fs -h /dev/sdb5
# 交换分区没有UUID
dumpe2fs -h /dev/sdb7
dumpe2fs -h /dev/sdb8
dumpe2fs -h /dev/sdb9
dumpe2fs -h /dev/sdb10
dumpe2fs -h /dev/sdb11
dumpe2fs -h /dev/sdb12
修改/etc/fstab，实现自动挂载设备
修改完的/etc/fstab文件如下
[root@localhost dev]# cat /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Thu Apr 12 08:31:10 2018
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
# column1 = device_name, label or UUID (use dumpe2fs -h /dev/sdbx get it)
# column2 = mount point
# column3 = file system type. e.g. ext4
# column4 = parameter of file system. e.g. defaults
# column5 = if backup by dump. e.g. 0 = no backup by dump
# column6 = if verify disk section on OS boot. e.g. 0 = no verify
#
# if want modify /etc/fstab, do below
# umount /dev/whatever
# modify and save /etc/fstab
# mount -a
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root / ext4 defaults 1 1
UUID=5fea821f-b2bc-4cde-9ec2-a6e176aa7d08 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap swap swap defaults 0 0
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
#
# why not lable not exist by OS?
#
# /dev/sdb1 label = lfs_boot, mount to => /mnt/lfs/boot
# lfs_boot /mnt/lfs/boot ext4 defaults 0 0
# /dev/sdb1 /mnt/lfs/boot ext4 defaults 0 0
# /dev/sdb5 label = lfs_root, mount to => /mnt/lfs/root
# lfs_root /mnt/lfs/root ext4 defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb5 /mnt/lfs/root ext4 defaults 0 0
# /dev/sdb6 is swap
/dev/sdb6 swap swap defaults 0 0
# /dev/sdb7 label = lfs_var, mount to => /mnt/lfs/var
# lfs_var /mnt/lfs/var ext4 defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb7 /mnt/lfs/var ext4 defaults 0 0
# /dev/sdb8 label = lfs_usr, mount to => /mnt/lfs/usr
# lfs_usr /mnt/lfs/usr ext4 defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb8 /mnt/lfs/usr ext4 defaults 0 0
# /dev/sdb9 label = lfs_opt, mount to => /mnt/lfs/opt
# lfs_opt /mnt/lfs/opt ext4 defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb9 /mnt/lfs/opt ext4 defaults 0 0
# /dev/sdb10 label = lfs_tmp, mount to => /mnt/lfs/tmp
# lfs_tmp /mnt/lfs/tmp ext4 defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb10 /mnt/lfs/tmp ext4 defaults 0 0
# /dev/sdb11 label = lfs_usr_src, mount to => /mnt/lfs/usr/src
# lfs_usr_src /mnt/lfs/usr/src ext4 defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb11 /mnt/lfs/usr/src ext4 defaults 0 0
# /dev/sdb12 label = lfs_home, mount to => /mnt/lfs/home
# lfs_home /mnt/lfs/home ext4 defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb12 /mnt/lfs/home ext4 defaults 0 0
临时挂载验证
如果/etc/fstab没写错，用’mount -a’命令后，设备就都挂载上了。
如果/etc/fstab写错了，用’mount -a’命令后, 有错误提示，可以根据提示修改/etc/fstab后，再重新’mount -a’
mount -a查看设备挂载情况
[root@localhost dev]# mount
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root on / type ext4 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,rootcontext="system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0")
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
/dev/sdb1 on /mnt/lfs/boot type ext4 (rw)
/dev/sdb5 on /mnt/lfs/root type ext4 (rw)
/dev/sdb7 on /mnt/lfs/var type ext4 (rw)
/dev/sdb8 on /mnt/lfs/usr type ext4 (rw)
/dev/sdb9 on /mnt/lfs/opt type ext4 (rw)
/dev/sdb10 on /mnt/lfs/tmp type ext4 (rw)
/dev/sdb11 on /mnt/lfs/usr/src type ext4 (rw)
/dev/sdb12 on /mnt/lfs/home type ext4 (rw)
重新启动后再验证设备挂载情况
reboot
or
shutdown -r now设备自动挂载完成
只要’mount -a’能挂上所有设备，OS重启后，也能自动挂载上/etc/fstab中描述的所有设备.
备注
在/etc/fstab中开始是指定lable作为挂载的设备名称，但是不好使。
现在用的是/dev/sdbx, 这样有问题，等系统做好后，能自己跑时(将宿主系统拿掉了)，会变为/dev/sdax.
这个设备名称要换成UUID才靠谱v，后续实验再改进。