python 文件目录遍历

递归遍历目录和文件

import os

path = r'F:\PycharmProjects\basic gram\作业和习题\test'

def getAllFileAndDir(path): # 获取当前目录下所有文件及文件目录 fileList = os.listdir(path) # print(fileList) # 遍历fileList列表 for fileName in fileList: # isdir isfile # print(fileName) # 拼接绝对路径 absFile = os.path.join(path,fileName) if os.path.isdir(absFile): print(absFile+'---目录') getAllFileAndDir(absFile) else: print(absFile+'---文件') getAllFileAndDir(path) 

栈 深度遍历

import collections

def getAllFileAndDir(sourcePath):

    stack = collections.deque()
    stack.append(sourcePath)
    while len(stack) != 0:
        path = stack.pop()
        fileList = os.listdir(path)
        for fileName in fileList:
            absFile = os.path.join(path, fileName)
            if os.path.isdir(absFile):
                print(absFile+'---目录')
                stack.append(absFile)
            else: print(absFile+'---文件') getAllFileAndDir(path) 

队列 广度遍历

def getAllFileAndDir(sourcePath):

    queue = collections.deque()
    queue.append(sourcePath)

    while len(queue) !=0:
        path = queue.popleft()
        fileList = os.listdir(path)
        for fileName in fileList:
            absFile = os.path.join(path, fileName)
            if os.path.isdir(absFile):
                print(absFile+'---目录')
                queue.append(absFile)
            else:
                print(absFile+'---文件')


getAllFileAndDir(path)

复制目录和文件

import os
# 复制目录
def copyDir(sourDir,targetDir): if not os.path.exists(sourDir): print("如果源目录不存在,直接停止") return if not os.path.exists(targetDir): os.makedirs(targetDir) listName = os.listdir(sourDir) for dirNameAndFileName in listName: sourAbsPath = os.path.join(sourDir,dirNameAndFileName) targetAbsPath = os.path.join(targetDir,dirNameAndFileName) if os.path.isdir(sourAbsPath): copyDir(sourAbsPath,targetAbsPath) if os.path.isfile(sourAbsPath): # 如果目标文件不存在, 或者 如果该文件已经存在但是文件大小不一样 if (not os.path.exists(targetAbsPath)) or (os.path.exists(targetAbsPath) and (os.path.getsize(sourAbsPath) != os.path.getsize(targetAbsPath))): rf = open(sourAbsPath,"rb") wf = open(targetAbsPath,"wb") while True: content = rf.read(1024*1024) if len(content) == 0: break wf.write(content) wf.flush() wf.close() rf.close() sPath = r'F:\PycharmProjects\basic gram\作业和习题\test' tPath = r'F:\PycharmProjects\basic gram\作业和习题\testNew' copyDir(sPath, tPath) 

文件复制实例

1.一个函数接受文件夹的名称作为输入参数,请将该文件夹中的所有文件复制到 文件夹名-副本 中去,请补充缺失的代码. (20分)
def copyFile(sPath)
2.题1复制过程中,每隔一秒打印一次复制进度(即当前已复制个数/总文件个数)(15分)

 

import os
import collections
import time
import sys
def getFileNum(sPath):
    num = 0
    stack = collections.deque()
    stack.append(sPath)
    while len(stack) != 0: path = stack.pop() fileList = os.listdir(path) for fileName in fileList: absFile = os.path.join(path, fileName) if os.path.isdir(absFile): stack.append(absFile) else: num += 1 return num def copyFile(sPath): tPath = r'F:\PycharmProjects\basic gram\作业和习题\Anaconda3-副本' stack1 = collections.deque() stack1.append(sPath) stack2 = collections.deque() stack2.append(tPath) timepoint = 1 filenum = 0 while len(stack1) != 0: sPath = stack1.pop() tPath = stack2.pop() if not os.path.exists(tPath): os.makedirs(tPath) listName = os.listdir(sPath) for filename in listName: absfile = os.path.join(sPath, filename) tabsfile = os.path.join(tPath, filename) if os.path.isdir(absfile): stack1.append(absfile) stack2.append(tabsfile) else: rf = open(absfile, 'rb') wf = open(tabsfile, 'wb') while True: content = rf.read(1024*1024) if len(content) == 0: break wf.write(content) # 刷新缓冲区 wf.flush() if time.clock()//1 == timepoint: sys.stdout.write('\r进度:%d/%d'%(filenum,num)) timepoint += 1 wf.close() rf.close() filenum += 1 sys.stdout.write('\r进度:%d/%d' % (num, num)) sPath = r'F:\PycharmProjects\basic gram\作业和习题\Anaconda3' num = getFileNum(sPath) # print(num) start_time = time.clock() copyFile(sPath)

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