【微服务｜Spring Security⑫】spring security认证流程之UserDetailsService

DaoAuthenticationProvider处理了web表单的认证逻辑，认证成功后既得到一个Authentication(UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken实现),里面包含了身份信息(Principal) 。这个身份信息就是一个object ,大多数情况下它可以被强转为UserDetails对象。

DaoAuthenticationProvider中包含了一个UserDetailsService实例，它负责根据用户名提取用户信息UserDetails(包含密码),而后DaoAuthenticationProvider会去对比UserDetailsService提取的用户密码与用户提交的密码是否匹配作为认证成功的关键依据,因此可以通过将自定义的UserDetailsService公开为spring bean来自定义身份验证。

//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by Fernflower decompiler)
//

package org.springframework.security.core.userdetails;

public interface UserDetailsService {
    
    
    UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String var1) throws UsernameNotFoundException;
}

很多人把DaoAuthenticationProvider和UserDetailsService的职责搞混淆，其实UserDetailsService只负责从特定的地方(通常是数据库)加载用户信息，仅此而已。而DaoAuthenticationProvider的职责更大,它完成完整的认证流程，同时会把UserDetails填充至Authentication。

上面一直提到UserDetails是用户信息：

//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by Fernflower decompiler)
//

package org.springframework.security.core.userdetails;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Collection;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;

public interface UserDetails extends Serializable {
    
    
    Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities();

    String getPassword();

    String getUsername();

    boolean isAccountNonExpired();

    boolean isAccountNonLocked();

    boolean isCredentialsNonExpired();

    boolean isEnabled();
}

它和 Authentication 接口很类似，比如它们都拥有 username ，authorities。Authentication 的getCredentials()与UserDetails中的getPassword()需要被区分对待，前者是用户提交的密码凭证，后者是用户实际存储的密码，认证其实就是对这两者的比对。Authentication中的getAuthorities()实际是由UserDetails的getAuthorities()传递而形成的。Authentication接口中的getDetails()方法,其中的UserDetails用户详细信息便是经过了 AuthenticationProvider认证之后被填充的。

通过实现UserDetailsService和UserDetails ,我们可以完成对用户信息获取方式以及用户信息字段的扩展。

Spring Security提供的lnMemoryllserDetailsManager(内存认证)，JdbcUserDetailsManager(jdbc认证)就是 UserDetailsService的实现类，主要区别无非就是从内存还是从数据库加载用户。

测试

自定义UserDetailsService

package com.uncle.seciruty.springboot.service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @program: spring-boot-security
 * @description:
 * @author: 步尔斯特
 * @create: 2021-08-06 22:05
 */
@Service
public class SpringDataUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService {
    
    

    @Autowired
    UserDao userDao;

    //根据 账号查询用户信息
    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
    
    

        //将来连接数据库根据账号查询用户信息
        UserDto userDto = userDao.getUserByUsername(username);
        if(userDto == null){
    
    
            //如果用户查不到，返回null，由provider来抛出异常
            return null;
        }
        //根据用户的id查询用户的权限
        List<String> permissions = userDao.findPermissionsByUserId(userDto.getId());
        //将permissions转成数组
        String[] permissionArray = new String[permissions.size()];
        permissions.toArray(permissionArray);
        UserDetails userDetails = User.withUsername(userDto.getUsername()).password(userDto.getPassword()).authorities(permissionArray).build();
        return userDetails;
    }
}

屏蔽安全配置类中UserDetailsService的定义

package com.uncle.seciruty.springboot.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableGlobalMethodSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.config.http.SessionCreationPolicy;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.NoOpPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.provisioning.InMemoryUserDetailsManager;

/**
 * @program: spring-boot-security
 * @description:
 * @author: 步尔斯特
 * @create: 2021-07-23 19:40
 */

@Configuration
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    
    

    //定义用户信息服务（查询用户信息）
//    @Bean
//    public UserDetailsService userDetailsService(){
    
    
//        InMemoryUserDetailsManager manager = new InMemoryUserDetailsManager();
//        manager.createUser(User.withUsername("zhangsan").password("123").authorities("p1").build());
//        manager.createUser(User.withUsername("lisi").password("456").authorities("p2").build());
//        return manager;
//    }

    //密码编码器
    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
    
    
        return NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance();
    }

    //安全拦截机制（最重要）
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
    
    
        http.authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/r/r1").hasAuthority("p1")
                .antMatchers("/r/r2").hasAuthority("p2")
                .antMatchers("/r/**").authenticated()//所有/r/**的请求必须认证通过
                .anyRequest().permitAll()//除了/r/**，其它的请求可以访问
                .and()
                .formLogin()//允许表单登录
                .successForwardUrl("/login-success");//自定义登录成功的页面地址

    }
}

重启工程，请求认证,SpringDataUserDetailsService的loadUserByUsername方法被调用,查询用户信息。

【微服务｜Spring Security⑫】spring security认证流程之UserDetailsService

猜你喜欢