SAP PP初阶工单里的Backflush组件

1, 什么是Backflush(倒冲)？

倒冲是在确认时对生产消耗的材料进行自动核算（货物出库-261 mvt）。例如，当一辆四轮汽车从装配线推出时，四个车轮和轮胎被视为已消耗，并通过系统反冲的方式自动下发到生产订单。Backflushing is automatic accounting (Goods issues - 261 mvt) of material consumed for production, at the time of confirmation. Eg. When a 4 wheeler automobile is rolled out from assy line, 4 wheels & Tyres are deemed to be consumed and issued to production order automatically by way of backflushing by the system.

倒冲是一种会计方法，在Just-in-time（JIT）环境中使用，在这种环境中，成本计算会延迟到货物完工。这种方法有助于消除所有在制品账户，并在各个生产阶段手动分配产品成本。Backflush is an accounting approach, used in a Just-In-Time (JIT) environment, in which costing is delayed until goods are finished. This approach helps in eliminating all work-in-process accounts and manual assignments of costs to products during the various production stages.

倒冲用于必须使用且有固定关系的物料。这可以在MRP2屏幕、工作中心、工艺路线和生产订单中进行配置。每个都有一些特殊的功能。如果在工艺路线或生产订单中配置此项，则无需在MRP2或工作中心屏幕中激活此项。Backflush is used for material which are a must and having fixed relationship. This can be configured in MRP2 Screen, Work center, Routing and production order. Each has some special function. If you configure this in routing or production order you have no need to activate this in MRP2 or Work center screen.

2，倒冲的运用场景举例

a.领料线边仓库，通过生产订单收货、工时确认时倒扣该物料的消耗。

b.副产品（边角料、废料）通过生产订单收货、工时确认时倒扣该物料进行回收。

不一而足.

3, SAP提供三种种反冲物料、倒扣物料的方式.

a.在工艺路线中，在组件分配中设置反冲标识。
b.在物料主记录中，反冲标识设置为1“始终反冲”。
c.在物料主记录中，反冲标识设置为2“工作中心决定”，并且在工作中心中设置反冲标识。