可以用oracle已经存在的账号scott密码triger登陆进去用里面已存在的表来做试验。
create or replace procedure lpmtest2
as
para1 varchar2(10);
cursor youbiao is select ename from test where sal>1300;
begin
open youbiao;
loop
fetch youbiao into para1;
exit when youbiao%notfound;
dbms_output.put_line('++:'||para1);
end loop;
close youbiao;
end;--最后分号记得写，否则会报错。
======================================================================
create or replace procedure lpmtest2
as
cursor youbiao is select ename,sal,job from test where sal>1300;
c_row youbiao%rowtype; --定义一个游标变量c_row ,该类型为游标youbiao中的一行数据类型
begin
open youbiao;
loop
fetch youbiao into c_row;
exit when youbiao%notfound;
dbms_output.put_line('++:'||c_row.ename||':'||c_row.sal||':'||c_row.job);
end loop;
close youbiao;
end;
=========================================================================
create or replace procedure lpmtest3
as
cursor c_dept is select * from dept order by deptno;
cursor c_emp(p_dept varchar2) is select ename,sal from emp where deptno=p_dept order by ename;
r_dept c_dept%rowtype;
v_ename emp.ename%type;
v_sal emp.sal%type;
v_totalsal emp.sal%type; --用来存每个部门所有员工的总工资
begin
open c_dept;
loop
fetch c_dept into r_dept;
exit when c_dept%notfound;
dbms_output.put_line(r_dept.deptno||':'||r_dept.dname||'+++++++++++');
v_totalsal:=0;
open c_emp(r_dept.deptno);
loop
fetch c_emp into v_ename,v_sal;
exit when c_emp%notfound;
dbms_output.put_line('v_ename:'||v_ename||';'||'v_sal:'||v_sal);
v_totalsal:=v_totalsal+v_sal;
end loop;
close c_emp;
dbms_output.put_line('deptsaltotal:'||v_totalsal);
end loop;
close c_dept;
end;
打印出来效果：
10:ACCOUNTING+++++++++++ v_ename:CLARK;v_sal:2450 v_ename:KING;v_sal:5000 v_ename:MILLER;v_sal:1300 deptsaltotal:8750 20:RESEARCH+++++++++++ v_ename:ADAMS;v_sal:1100 v_ename:FORD;v_sal:3000 v_ename:JONES;v_sal:2975 v_ename:SCOTT;v_sal:3000 v_ename:SMITH;v_sal:800 deptsaltotal:10875 30:SALES+++++++++++ v_ename:ALLEN;v_sal:1600 v_ename:BLAKE;v_sal:2850 v_ename:JAMES;v_sal:950 v_ename:MARTIN;v_sal:1250 v_ename:TURNER;v_sal:1500 v_ename:WARD;v_sal:1250 deptsaltotal:9400 40:OPERATIONS+++++++++++ deptsaltotal:0
======================================================================
create or replace procedure lpmtest9(v_name varchar2)
is
v_num number:=1;
begin
loop
insert into lpm_user values(v_name,v_num);
commit;
exit when v_num=5;
v_num:=v_num+1;
end loop;
end;
=======================================================================
create or replace procedure lpmtest8(lpm_empno number)
is
lpm_job emp.job%type;
begin
select job into lpm_job from emp where empno=lpm_empno;
if lpm_job='PRESIDENT' then
begin
update emp set sal=sal+500 where empno=lpm_empno;
commit;
end;
elsif lpm_job='MANAGER' then --是elsif不是elseif!要少个e
begin
update emp set sal=sal+300 where empno=lpm_empno;
commit;
end;
else
begin
update emp set sal=sal+100 where empno=lpm_empno;
commit;
end;
end if;
end;
========================================================
create or replace procedure lpmtest15(lpmEmpId emp.empno%type) is addincrement emp.sal%type; tempsal emp.sal%type; begin select sal into tempsal from emp where empno=lpmEmpId; if tempsal>2000 then addincrement:=50; elsif tempsal>1500 then addincrement:=100; else addincrement:=150; end if; update emp set sal=sal+addincrement where empno=lpmEmpId; commit; end;
=================================================================
例：建立一个存储过程，将STUDENTS表中按学号指定的学生记录移至HISTORY表中。并在history表中增加移入日期 (删除STUDENTS表中的记录，同时录入到HISTORY表中)。 Create or replace procedure move( stuno varchar) is Begin /*将students中学号为stuno的记录插入到history表中*/ Insert into history(stu_id,name,sex,ldate) select stu_id,name,sex ,sysdate from students where stu_id=stuno; /*将students中学号为stuno的记录删除*/ delete from students where stu_id=stuno; end;
========================================================================
现假设存在两张表，一张是学生成绩表(studnet)，字段为：stdId,math,article,language,music,sport,total,average,step一张是学生课外成绩表(out_school),字段为:stdId,parctice,comment
通过存储过程自动计算出每位学生的总成绩和平均成绩，同时，如果学生在课外课程中获得的评价为A，就在总成绩上加20分。
create or replace procedure autocomputer(step in number) is
rsCursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
commentArray myPackage.myArray;
math number;
article number;
language number;
music number;
sport number;
total number;
average number;
stdId varchar(30);
record myPackage.stdInfo;
i number;
begi
i := 1;
get_comment(commentArray); --调用名为get_comment()的存储过程获取学生课外评分信息
OPEN rsCursor for select stdId,math,article,language,music,sport from student t where t.step = step;
LOOP
fetch rsCursor into stdId,math,article,language,music,sport;
exit when rsCursor%NOTFOUND;
total := math + article + language + music + sport;
for i in 1..commentArray.count LOOP
record := commentArray(i);
if stdId = record.stdId then
begin
if record.comment = 'A' then
begin
total := total + 20;
go to next; --使用go to跳出for循环
end;
end if;
end;
end if;
end LOOP;
average := total / 5;
update student t set t.total=total and t.average = average where t.stdId = stdId;
end LOOP;
end;
end autocomputer;
--取得学生评论信息的存储过程
create or replace procedure get_comment(recommentArray out myPackage.myArray) is
rs SYS_REFCURSOR；
record myPackage.stdInfo;
stdId varchar(30);
comment varchar(1);
i number;
begin
open rs for select stdId,comment from out_school
i := 1;
LOOP
fetch rs into stdId,comment;
exit when rs%NOTFOUND;
record.stdId := stdId;
record.comment := comment;
recommentArray(i) := record;
i:=i + 1;
end LOOP;
end get_comment;
--定义数组类型myArray
create or replace package myPackage is begin
type stdInfo is record(stdId varchar(30),comment varchar(1));
type myArray is table of stdInfo index by binary_integer;
end myPackage;
======================================================================
1. 存储过程格式
/* Formatted on 2011/1/17 13:20:44 (QP5 v5.115.810.9015) */
CREATE OR REPLACE procedure proc_trade(
v_tradeid in number, --交易id
v_third_ip in varchar2, --第三方ip
v_third_time in date , --第三方完成时间
v_thire_state in number , --第三方状态
o_result out number, --返回值
o_detail out varchar2 --详细描述
)
as
-- 定义变量
v_error varchar2(500);
begin
--对变量赋值
o_result:=0;
o_detail:='验证失败';
--业务逻辑处理
if v_tradeid >100 then
insert into table_name(...) values(...);
commit;
elsif v_tradeid < 100 and v_tradeid>50 then
insert into table_name(...) values(...);
commit;
else
goto log;
end if;
--跳转标志符，名称自己指定
<<log>>
o_result:=1;
--捕获异常
exception
when no_data_found
then
result := 2;
when dup_val_on_index
then
result := 3;
when others
then
result := -1;
end proc_trade;
在上面这个存储过程中使用了输入参数，并返回输出参数，这里的参数类型是我们自己指定的。 这种写法可行，但是最好使用%type 来获取参数的类型(table_name.column_name%TYPE)。 这样就不会出现参数类型的错误。
如：
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE spdispsms (
aempid IN otherinfo.empid%TYPE,
amsg IN otherinfo.msg%TYPE,
abillno IN otherinfo.billno%TYPE,
ainfotype IN otherinfo.infotype%TYPE,
aopid IN otherinfo.OPERATOR%TYPE,
ainfoid OUT otherinfo.infoid%TYPE,
RESULT OUT INTEGER
)
2. 存储过程中的循环
存储过程写的是业务逻辑，循环是常用的处理方法之一。
2.1 for ... in ... loop 循环
2.1.1：循环遍历游标
示例1：
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE proc_test
AS
CURSOR c1
IS
SELECT * FROM dat_trade;
BEGIN
FOR x IN c1
LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (x.id);
END LOOP;
END proc_test;
示例2：
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE proc_test
AS
BEGIN
FOR x IN (SELECT power_id FROM sys_power)
LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (x.power_id);
END LOOP;
END proc_test;
2.1. 2：根据数值进行循环
示例1：
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE proc_test (v_num IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
for x in 1..100 loop
dbms_output.put_line(x);
end loop;
END proc_test;
示例2：在过程里指定输入参数v_num. 在调用过程时指定循环次数。
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE proc_test (v_num IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
FOR x IN 1 .. v_num
LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (x);
END LOOP;
END proc_test;
2.2 loop 循环
LOOP
DELETE FROM orders
WHERE senddate < TO_CHAR (ADD_MONTHS (SYSDATE, -3),
'yyyy-mm-dd')
AND ROWNUM < 1000;
EXIT WHEN SQL%ROWCOUNT < 1;
COMMIT;
END LOOP;
这里的SQL%ROWCOUNT 是隐士游标。 除了这个，还有其他几个：%found，%notfound， %isopen。
2.3 while 循环
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE proc_test (v_num IN NUMBER)
AS
i NUMBER := 1;
BEGIN
WHILE i < v_num
LOOP
BEGIN
i := i + 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (i);
END;
END LOOP;
END proc_test;
3. 存储过程中的判断
判断也是存储过程中最常用的方法之一。
3.1 if ... elsif ... else ... 判断
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE proc_test (v_num IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
IF v_num < 10
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (v_num);
ELSIF v_num > 10 AND v_num < 50
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (v_num - 10);
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (v_num - 50);
END IF;
END proc_test;
3.2 case ... when ... end case 判断
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE proc_test (v_num IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
case v_num
when 1 then
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (v_num);
when 2 then
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (v_num);
when 3 then
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (v_num);
else null;
end case;
END proc_test;
4. 游标
存储过程中使用游标也是很常见的。 这里的游标分两种：
4.1 Cursor型游标(不能用于参数传递)
这种方法具体参考 2.1.1：循环遍历游标 中的示例。
4.2 SYS_REFCURSOR型游标
该游标是Oracle以预先定义的游标，可作出参数进行传递。
注意一点：SYS_REFCURSOR只能通过OPEN方法来打开和赋值
4.2.1 我们可以使用这种类似的游标来返回一个结果集：
CREATE OR REPLACE procedure proc_test(
checknum in number, --每次返回的数据量
ref_cursor out sys_refcursor --返回的结果集，游标
)
as
begin
open ref_cursor for select * from (select * from dat_trade where state=41 order by id) where rownum<checknum;
end proc_test;
/
SYS_REFCURSOR中可使用三个状态属性：
（1）. %NOTFOUND(未找到记录信息)
（2）. %FOUND(找到记录信息)
（3）. %ROWCOUNT(然后当前游标所指向的行位置)
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE proc_test (
checknum IN NUMBER, --每次返回的数据量
ref_cursor OUT sys_refcursor --返回的结果集，游标
)
AS
t_tmp table_name%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN ref_cursor FOR
SELECT *
FROM ( SELECT *
FROM table_name
WHERE state = 41
ORDER BY id)
WHERE ROWNUM < checknum;
--循环游标
LOOP
FETCH ref_cursor INTO t_tmp;
EXIT WHEN ref_cursor%NOTFOUND;
-- DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (t_tmp.id);
UPDATE table_name
SET state = 53
WHERE id = t_tmp.id;
COMMIT;
END LOOP;
CLOSE ref_cursor;
END proc_test;